The Venetian Towers (in
Catalan
Catalan may refer to:
Catalonia
From, or related to Catalonia:
* Catalan language, a Romance language
* Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia
Places
* 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...
: ''Torres Venecianes'') is the popular name for a pair of towers on
Avinguda de la Reina Maria Cristina
Avinguda de la Reina Maria Cristina () is an avenue in the Sants-Montjuïc district of Barcelona linking Plaça d'Espanya with Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya on Montjuïc hill. It is named after Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, queen ...
at its junction with
Plaça d'Espanya in
Barcelona
Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ci ...
, Catalonia, Spain. There is one tower on either side of the street.
The towers are 47m high, with a 7.2 metres square cross-section.
The bottom section of each is built of
artificial stone, the main section of red
brick, and the top section is a
colonnade
In classical architecture, a colonnade is a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building. Paired or multiple pairs of columns are normally employed in a colonnade which can be straight or cur ...
d viewing gallery built of artificial stone, and topped by a pyramidal
copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from la, cuprum) and atomic number 29. It is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. A freshly exposed surface of pure copper has a pinkis ...
roof. They were modelled on the
campanile of St. Mark's Basilica in
Venice
Venice ( ; it, Venezia ; vec, Venesia or ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region. It is built on a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The isla ...
.
They were originally envisaged in
Léon Jaussely
Léon Jaussely (9 January 1875 – 28 December 1932) was a French architect and urban planner.
Born in Toulouse, Jaussely studied at the local fine arts school, then to the École des Beaux-Arts in the ateliers of Honoré Daumet and Pierre Esqui ...
's city expansion plan of 1907,
[ and designed by architect and built in the period 1927 to 1929, as part of the redevelopment of the area for the ]1929 Barcelona International Exposition
The 1929 Barcelona International Exposition (also 1929 Barcelona Universal Exposition, or Expo 1929, officially in Spanish: ''Exposición Internacional de Barcelona 1929'' was the second World Fair to be held in Barcelona, the first one being i ...
. Reventós was also involved in a number of other projects featured in the exhibition, such as the Greek Theatre (Teatre Grec
The Festival Grec de Barcelona (or Grec Festival of Barcelona) is an international theatre, dance, music and circus festival. Over the course of its history, this long-standing event has become a major summer attraction in Barcelona, Catalonia, ...
),[ the Spanish Village (]Poble Espanyol
The Poble Espanyol (literally, ''Spanish town'') is an open-air architectural museum in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, approximately 400 metres away from the Fountains of Montjuïc. Built for the 1929 Barcelona International Exposition, the museum ...
),[ and the buildings of the ]Montjuïc Funicular
Montjuïc () is a hill in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Etymology
Montjuïc translates to "Jewish Mountain" from medieval Latin and Catalan, and remains of a medieval Jewish cemetery have been found there. Some sources suggest that Montjuïc ...
on the nearby hill of Montjuïc
Montjuïc () is a hill in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Etymology
Montjuïc translates to "Jewish Mountain" from medieval Latin and Catalan, and remains of a medieval Jewish cemetery have been found there. Some sources suggest that Montjuïc ...
.
They serve an ornamental function, to mark the entrance to the exhibition district, now known as Fira de Barcelona
Fira de Barcelona is Barcelona’s trade fair institution. Every year, it organises numerous trade shows and congresses.
Information of interest
It hosts over 150 trade shows, congresses and corporate events per year with 30,000 exhibitors, both ...
, and the start of the grand avenue leading up to the Palau Nacional on Montjuïc, which houses the National Art Museum of Catalonia
The Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya (, English: "National Art Museum of Catalonia"), abbreviated as MNAC, is a museum of Catalan visual art located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Situated on Montjuïc hill at the end of Avinguda de la Reina Ma ...
. Originally, the towers were open to the public, who could climb the internal stairs to the viewing galleries, but they are now normally closed. In later years, the western tower housed equipment for controlling the illumination of the Magic Fountain of Montjuïc
The Magic Fountain of Montjuïc ( ca, Font màgica de Montjuïc, es, Fuente mágica de Montjuic) is a fountain located at the head of Avinguda Maria Cristina in the Montjuïc neighborhood of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The fountain is situated b ...
, 350m away at the far end of Avinguda Maria Cristina, and the gallery of the eastern tower housed sirens for signalling possible emergencies; the disused equipment was removed during the 2013/14 restoration work.
The towers are registered as protected structures by Barcelona city council, with a protection level of B:B, a structure of local interest.[
Following restoration work, the towers opened to the public for the first time since 1929, for a two-day period during October 2014.
]
Repairs
The towers had been built using cheap materials, which was typical of the ''noucentisme
Noucentisme in Catalonia (, ''noucentista'' being its adjective) was a Catalan cultural movement of the early 20th century that originated largely as a reaction against Modernisme, both in art and ideology, and was, simultaneously, a perception ...
'' architectural style of the time, and was justified by the expected temporary nature of the towers which were planned to be demolished after the end of the exposition.[ Subsequent repair and restoration projects have been necessary to maintain and improve the structures.
In 1984/85, repair work was carried out on the towers, which included replacing the roofs which were originally of slate.
In 2009, a survey detected defects in the stonework in both towers, and resulted in netting being wrapped around the viewing galleries to catch any falling debris.]
During September 2013, the towers started undergoing extensive restoration work costing €472,000.[ The work was expected to be completed in January 2014, and it enabled the removal of the netting which had previously been put in place.]
References
{{coord, 41.37403, 2.149801, display=title
Buildings and structures in Barcelona
Towers in Catalonia
Twin towers
1929 Barcelona International Exposition
Sants-Montjuïc
World's fair architecture in Barcelona
Towers completed in 1929