SS ''Vega'' was a Swedish
barque
A barque, barc, or bark is a type of sailing ship, sailing vessel with three or more mast (sailing), masts having the fore- and mainmasts Square rig, rigged square and only the mizzen (the aftmost mast) Fore-and-aft rig, rigged fore and aft. Som ...
, built in
Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven (, , Low German: ''Bremerhoben'') is a city at the seaport of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, a state of the Federal Republic of Germany.
It forms a semi-enclave in the state of Lower Saxony and is located at the mouth of the Riv ...
,
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
in 1872. The Vega was the first ship to complete a voyage through the
Northeast Passage
The Northeast Passage (abbreviated as NEP) is the shipping route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, along the Arctic coasts of Norway and Russia. The western route through the islands of Canada is accordingly called the Northwest Passage (N ...
, and the first vessel to circumnavigate the
Eurasia
Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago a ...
n continent, during the
Vega expedition. Initially a troubled enterprise, the successful expedition is considered to be among the highest achievements in the history of Swedish science.
Construction
Though a sailing ship, the Vega had a 60
hp auxiliary
steam engine
A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force can be trans ...
. The hull was of wood measuring 150 ft. in length (45.72 m), a capacity of 357 DWT.
Arctic exploration
Constructed as a
whaler
A whaler or whaling ship is a specialized vessel, designed or adapted for whaling: the catching or processing of whales.
Terminology
The term ''whaler'' is mostly historic. A handful of nations continue with industrial whaling, and one, Japa ...
, the vessel was acquired and rebuilt for Arctic exploration by
Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld with financial assistance from King
Oscar II of Sweden
Oscar II (Oscar Fredrik; 21 January 1829 – 8 December 1907) was King of Sweden from 1872 until his death in 1907 and King of Norway from 1872 to 1905.
Oscar was the son of King Oscar I and Queen Josephine. He inherited the Swedish and Norweg ...
and others.
[Aho, Marie]
''A.E. Nordenskiöld Collection included in the Unesco Memory of the World Program''
Tietolinja News (National Library of Finland), January 1999 On 22 June 1878 the ship set out from Karlskrona
Karlskrona (, , ) is a locality and the seat of Karlskrona Municipality, Blekinge County, Sweden with a population of 66,675 in 2018. It is also the capital of Blekinge County. Karlskrona is known as Sweden's only baroque city and is host to Swed ...
, Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
through the Northeast Passage
The Northeast Passage (abbreviated as NEP) is the shipping route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, along the Arctic coasts of Norway and Russia. The western route through the islands of Canada is accordingly called the Northwest Passage (N ...
around the north coast of Eurasia. Blocked by ice on 28 September of that year only 120 miles (200 km) short of the Bering Strait marking the eastern end of Asia, the ship was not freed until 18 July 1879. Two days later East Cape
East Cape is the easternmost point of the main islands of New Zealand. It is located at the northern end of the Gisborne District of New Zealand's North Island. It can also refer to the broader Gisborne cape.
East Cape was originally named "C ...
was passed, and ''Vega'' became the first ship to complete a voyage through the Northeast Passage. Returning by way of the Western Pacific, Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by th ...
, and Suez Canal
The Suez Canal ( arz, قَنَاةُ ٱلسُّوَيْسِ, ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia. The long canal is a popular ...
, ''Vega'' also became the first vessel to circumnavigate the Eurasian continent.
Whaling and sealing
After the expedition ''Vega'' returned to her original trades of whaling
Whaling is the process of hunting of whales for their usable products such as meat and blubber, which can be turned into a type of oil that became increasingly important in the Industrial Revolution.
It was practiced as an organized industry ...
and seal hunting
Seal hunting, or sealing, is the personal or commercial hunting of seals. Seal hunting is currently practiced in ten countries: United States (above the Arctic Circle in Alaska), Canada, Namibia, Denmark (in self-governing Greenland only), Ice ...
. The ship was reported sunk in Melville Bay
Melville Bay ( kl, Qimusseriarsuaq; da, Melville Bugt), is a large bay off the coast of northwestern Greenland. Located to the north of the Upernavik Archipelago, it opens to the south-west into Baffin Bay. Its Kalaallisut name, ''Qimusseriars ...
west of Greenland
Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is t ...
in 1903, sailing under the Scottish owner Ferguson of Dundee
Dundee (; sco, Dundee; gd, Dùn Dè or ) is Scotland's fourth-largest city and the 51st-most-populous built-up area in the United Kingdom. The mid-year population estimate for 2016 was , giving Dundee a population density of 2,478/km2 or ...
.
Images
Image:Vegamonumentet 2010a 01.jpg, Vega monument in Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
Image:Return of the Vega to Stockholm 24. April 1880.jpg, Return of Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld
Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld (18 November 183212 August 1901) was a Finland-Swedish aristocrat, geologist, mineralogist and Arctic explorer. He was a member of the Fenno-Swedish Nordenskiöld family of scientists and held the title of a friher ...
with the ''Vega'' to Stockholm
Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
on April 24, 1880
Image:The Explorer A.E. Nordenskiöld (Georg von Rosen) - Nationalmuseum - 18399.tif, Nils Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld with the ''Vega'', by Georg von Rosen
Johan Georg Otto von Rosen (13 February 1843 – 3 March 1923) was a Swedish painter and ''greve'' (count). He specialized in history paintings and portraits, done in the Academic style.
Biography
He was born in Paris. When he was barely five ...
File:Bath in kusatsu.jpg, ''Bath in Kusatsu'' i by Vega expedition member during S/S Vega's stay in Japan September–November 1879
See also
* Gjøa
''Gjøa'' was the first vessel to transit the Northwest Passage. With a crew of six, Roald Amundsen traversed the passage in a three-year journey, finishing in 1906.
History
Construction
The square-sterned sloop of 47 net register ton ...
, the first vessel to transit the Northwest Passage
The Northwest Passage (NWP) is the sea route between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans through the Arctic Ocean, along the northern coast of North America via waterways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The eastern route along the Arct ...
.
* Oscar Frithiof Nordquist
Oscar Frithiof Nordqvist Ph.D. (19 May 1858 – 1925) was a Finnish hydrographer.
At age twelve he was one of the first students at the art school of the Finnish art association.
While serving as a Lieutenant in the military of the Grand Du ...
, Finnish member of the expedition
* Cape Vega and Vegafonna
Vegafonna is an ice cap in Gustav Adolf Land on Nordaustlandet
Nordaustlandet (sometimes translated as North East Land) is the second-largest island in the archipelago of Svalbard, Norway, with an area of . It lies north east of Spitsbergen, se ...
, named after this ship
References
Webpage about the journey
* ''Vegas färd kring Asien och Europa'' by A.E. Nordenskiöld 1880, slightly abbreviated version edited by Göran Schildt
Göran Schildt (11 March 1917 – 24 January 2009) was a Finnish Swede author and art historian. He was the son of the author Runar Schildt.
Life and work
Schildt is perhaps best known for his travelogues with the sailboat ''Daphne''. He ...
1960.
External links
Photograph
by Alexander Wilson of "Vega" in Dundee Harbour, 1903, Dundee Central Library
Expedition Vega 2013
´s search expedition for the wreck of Vega in August 2013.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vega (1872)
1872 ships
1900s in Greenland
Arctic exploration vessels
Barques
Maritime incidents in 1903
Sealing ships
Whaling ships
Ships built in Bremen (state)
Ships of Sweden
Shipwrecks in the Arctic Ocean
Steamships of Sweden
Exploration ships