Vauclair Abbey otherwise Vauclerc Abbey (french: Abbaye de Vauclair, ''Abbaye Notre-Dame de Vauclair'') was a
Cistercian monastery founded in 1134 by Saint
Bernard of Clairvaux
Bernard of Clairvaux, O. Cist. ( la, Bernardus Claraevallensis; 109020 August 1153), venerated as Saint Bernard, was an abbot, mystic, co-founder of the Knights Templars, and a major leader in the reformation of the Benedictine Order throug ...
at the request of
Barthélemy de Jur
In Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Laon
Barthélemy de Jur (misread as ''de Vir'' in the 19th century; c.1080 - 1158) was a French bishop. He was bishop of Laon from 1113 to 1151. Some documents give his name as Barthélemy de Grandson or de Joux.
Life ...
,
bishop of Laon
The diocese of Laon in the present-day département of Aisne, was a Catholic diocese for around 1300 years, up to the French Revolution. Its seat was in Laon, France, with the Laon Cathedral. From early in the 13th century, the bishop of Laon ...
. It was located in what is now the commune of
Bouconville-Vauclair, department of
Aisne, France.
History
The monastery was built about 15 kilometers to the south of
Laon
Laon () is a city in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
History
Early history
The holy district of Laon, which rises a hundred metres above the otherwise flat Picardy plain, has always held strategic importance. ...
in an east-west stretch of the
Ailette river valley at the foot of the northern side of the
Chemin des Dames
In France, the Chemin des Dames (; literally, the "ladies' path") is part of the route départementale (local road) D18 and runs east and west in the Aisne department, between in the west, the Route Nationale 2 (Laon to Soissons), and in the eas ...
, on a site already occupied by a church, in the present commune of Bouconville-Vauclair. The site was ceded to Bernard with all its rights and dependencies. On 23 May 1134 a group of monks from
Clairvaux Abbey
Clairvaux Abbey (, ; la, Clara Vallis) was a Cistercian monastery in Ville-sous-la-Ferté, from Bar-sur-Aube. The original building, founded in 1115 by St. Bernard, is now in ruins; the present structure dates from 1708. Clairvaux Abbey was ...
, headed by the Englishman
Henry Murdac
Henry Murdac (died 1153) was abbot of Fountains Abbey and Archbishop of York in medieval England.
Early life
Murdac was a native of Yorkshire.Knowles ''Monastic Order'' p. 239 He was friendly with Archbishop Thurstan of York, who secured hi ...
, its first abbot, took possession of the new abbey, the 15th daughter house of Clairvaux. Its favourable east-west orientation led Bernard to name it Vauclair (''Vallis clara''), reversing the name of the mother abbey (''Clara vallis''). Supported by gifts from rich families, the abbey quickly prospered and was given several estates and farms.
In 1142, on the initiative of Bernard and of
Hatto,
bishop of Troyes,
Le Reclus Abbey north of
Sézanne
Sézanne () is a commune in the Marne department and Grand Est region in north-eastern France
France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions an ...
was made subsidiary to Vauclair. In 1167, at the request of
Henry I of Champagne
Henry I (December 1127 – March 16, 1181), known as the Liberal, was count of Champagne from 1152 to 1181. He was the eldest son of Count Theobald II of Champagne, who was also count of Blois, and his wife, Matilda of Carinthia.
Biography
Henry ...
, count palatine of Champagne, Vauclair Abbey sent monks to found La Charmoye Abbey not far from
Épernay
Épernay () is a commune in the Marne department of northern France, 130 km north-east of Paris on the mainline railway to Strasbourg. The town sits on the left bank of the Marne at the extremity of the Cubry valley which crosses it.
Ép ...
. The
Hundred Years' War and the 16th-century
French Wars of Religion
The French Wars of Religion is the term which is used in reference to a period of civil war between French Catholics and Protestants, commonly called Huguenots, which lasted from 1562 to 1598. According to estimates, between two and four mi ...
heavily damaged Vauclair, though it managed to survive until the
French Revolution
The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in coup of 18 Brumaire, November 1799. Many of its ...
in 1789, when it was finally demolished and sold as "national property". Its geographical location very near to the Chemin des Dames led to what was left of its buildings being almost totally destroyed in 1917 by direct artillery bombardment. Only ruins now remain.
Following excavations
[Page 390 i]
''Archéologie mediévale''
/ref> in 1966 by a local association led by a young Belgian Jesuit, Père René Courtois, who lived in the abbey from 1966 until his death in 2005, the site was made a monument historique in 1970. The site now also includes an arboretum of apple and pear trees and a medicinal herb garden planned by Courtois and opened in 1976.
References
External links
Abbaye de Vauclair
Abbaye de Vauclair
{{Authority control
Cistercian monasteries in France
Monasteries in Aisne
Ruins in Hauts-de-France
Tourist attractions in Aisne