''Vangueria'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the family

Rubiaceae The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules ...

. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy.

Distribution

The genus contains over 50 species distributed in

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

south of the

Sahara , photo = Sahara real color.jpg , photo_caption = The Sahara taken by Apollo 17 astronauts, 1972 , map = , map_image = , location = , country = , country1 = , ...

with one species occurring in

Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...

('' V. madagascariensis''). The centre of diversity is in East Africa (

Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and ...

) and they are rare in West Africa.

Bacterial leaf symbiosis

Endophytic bacteria are housed in the intercellular space of the leaf

mesophyll tissue A leaf ( : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, ste ...

. The presence of these bacteria can only be microscopically ascertained. The bacteria are identified as ''

Burkholderia ''Burkholderia'' is a genus of Pseudomonadota whose pathogenic members include the ''Burkholderia cepacia'' complex, which attacks humans and ''Burkholderia mallei'', responsible for glanders, a disease that occurs mostly in horses and related a ...

'', which is a genus that is also found in the leaves of other Rubiaceae species. The hypothesis is that these endophytic bacteria provide chemical protection against insect herbivory.

Gousiekte

Several ''Vangueria'' species - '' V. latifolia'', '' V. pygmaea'', '' V. thamnus'' - are known to cause , a cardiotoxicosis of ruminants characterised by heart failure four to eight weeks after ingestion of certain rubiaceous plants.

Species

* ''

Vangueria agrestis ''Vangueria agrestis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found from West Tropical Africa to Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السو ...

'' (

Schweinf. Georg August Schweinfurth (29 December 1836 – 19 September 1925) was a Baltic German botanist and ethnologist who explored East Central Africa. Life and explorations He was born at Riga, Latvia, then part of the Russian Empire. He was ...

ex Hiern.) Lantz * ''

Vangueria albosetulosa ''Vangueria albosetulosa'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, a ...

'' (Verdc.) Lantz * ''

Vangueria apiculata ''Vangueria apiculata'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found from Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic ...

K.Schum. Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist. Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deut ...

* ''

Vangueria bicolor ''Vangueria bicolor'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa withi ...

* '' Vangueria bowkeri'' ( Robyns) Lantz * ''

Vangueria burnettii ''Vangueria burnettii'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to southern Tanzania and Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern ...

'' (Tennant) Lantz * ''

Vangueria burttii ''Vangueria burttii'' is a species of flowering plant in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. It is endemism, endemic to Tanzania. It was described by Bernard Verdcourt in 1981 and is named after the English botanist Brian Burtt. References ...

'' (Verdc.) Lantz * '' Vangueria chariensis'' A.Chev. ex Robyns * ''

Vangueria cinerascens ''Vangueria cinerascens'' is a species of flowering plant in the Family (biology), family Rubiaceae. It is found from Tanzania to South Tropical Africa. The epithet is a Latin adjective (classical Latin ''cinerescens'', from verb ''cinerescere'', ...

'' (

Welw. Friedrich Martin Josef Welwitsch (25 February 1806 – 20 October 1872) was an Austrian explorer and botanist who in Angola was the first European to describe the plant ''Welwitschia mirabilis''. His report received wide attention among the ...

ex Hiern.) Lantz * '' Vangueria cinnamomea'' Dinter * ''

Vangueria cistifolia ''Vangueria cistifolia'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Angola and Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Af ...

'' (

ex Hiern.) Lantz * '' Vangueria coerulea'' ( Robyns) Lantz * ''

Vangueria cyanescens ''Vangueria cyanescens'', the Kalahari wild-medlar, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Namibia, and Zambia. The epithet An epithet (, ), also byname, is a descriptive term (word or phrase ...

'' Robyns * ''

Vangueria discolor ''Vangueria discolor'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Burundi, DR Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia. The epithet An epithet (, ), also byname, is a descriptive term (word or phrase) known for accompanying or ...

'' ( De Wild.) Lantz * ''

Vangueria domatiosa ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' J.E.Burrows * ''

Vangueria dryadum ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

S.Moore Spencer Le Marchant Moore (1 November 1850 – 14 March 1931) was an English botanist. Biography Moore was born in Hampstead. He worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, from about 1870 to 1879, wrote a number of botanical papers, and then work ...

* '' Vangueria esculenta''

* '' Vangueria ferruginea'' (

) ined. * '' Vangueria fulva'' ( Robyns) Lantz * ''

Vangueria fuscosetulosa ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' (Verdc.) Lantz * ''

Vangueria gillettii ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as ''Vangueria madagascariensis, V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy language, Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distri ...

'' (Tennant) Lantz * ''

Vangueria glabrata ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

* '' Vangueria gossweileri'' ( Robyns) Lantz * ''

Vangueria induta ''Vangueria induta'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is found in Kenya and northern Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in ...

'' (Bullock) Lantz * ''

Vangueria infausta ''Vangueria infausta'', the medlar or African medlar, is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae, which is native to the southern and eastern Afrotropics. Some other names for ''V. infausta'' in Southern African languages include mmilo in N ...

'' Burchell * '' Vangueria kerstingii'' Robyns * ''

Vangueria lasiantha ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' (

Sond. Otto Wilhelm Sonder (18 June 1812, Bad Oldesloe – 21 November 1881) was a German botanist and pharmacist. Life A native of Holstein, Sonder studied at Kiel University, where he sat pharmaceutical examinations in 1835, before becoming the prop ...

)

* ''

Vangueria latifolia ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' (

)

* '' Vangueria loranthifolia''

* '' Vangueria macrocalyx''

* ''

Vangueria madagascariensis ''Vangueria madagascariensis'', commonly known by the names Spanish-tamarind, tamarind-of-the-Indies, or voa vanga, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae native to the African continent having edible fruit. It is the type specie ...

'' J.F.Gmel. * ''

Vangueria micropyren ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' (Verdc.) Lantz * '' Vangueria mollis'' ( Robyns) Lantz * ''

Vangueria monteiroi ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' (

Oliv. Daniel Oliver, FRS (6 February 1830, Newcastle upon Tyne – 21 December 1916) was an English botanist. He was Librarian of the Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew from 1860–1890 and Keeper there from 1864–1890, and Professor of Botany at ...

) Lantz * '' Vangueria obtusifolia''

* '' Vangueria pachyantha'' ( Robyns) Lantz * ''

Vangueria pallidiflora ''Vangueria pallidiflora'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. It is endemic to Kenya and Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in Ea ...

'' (Bullock) Lantz * '' Vangueria parvifolia''

* '' Vangueria praecox'' Verdc. * ''

Vangueria proschii ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

Briq A Briq, Ibrik or Brik ( ar, برق) is an ancient teapot and pitcher traditionally used by the inhabitants of Lebanon and Syria to prepare and drink tea or water. It is a pot and handle with an unconventional spout that allows liquid to be consumed ...

* '' Vangueria psammophila'' (

) Lantz * ''

Vangueria pygmaea ''Vangueria pygmaea'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Rubiaceae. Description It is a small (5–15 cm) geofrutex, usually with a long rhizome. Because of these rhizomes, the species often reproduces clonally with as a consequ ...

Schltr. Friedrich Richard Rudolf Schlechter (16 October 1872 – 16 November 1925) was a German taxonomist, botanist, and author of several works on orchids. He went on botanical expeditions in Africa, Indonesia, New Guinea, South and Central America a ...

* ''

Vangueria quarrei ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' ( Robyns) Lantz * '' Vangueria randii''

* '' Vangueria rhodesiaca'' (Tennant) Lantz * ''

Vangueria rufescens ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' (E.A.Bruce) Lantz * '' Vangueria schliebenii'' (Verdc.) Lantz * ''

Vangueria schumanniana ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as ''Vangueria madagascariensis, V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy language, Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distri ...

'' ( Robyns) Lantz * '' Vangueria senegalensis''

Benth. George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...

Hook.f. Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he served as director of ...

ex Hiern * ''

Vangueria silvicola ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' O.Lachenaud * '' Vangueria solitariiflora'' (Verdc.) Lantz * ''

Vangueria soutpansbergensis ''Vangueria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. The genus is named for , as '' V. madagascariensis'' is known in Malagasy. Distribution The genus contains over 50 species distributed in Africa south of the Sahara with one ...

'' N.Hahn * '' Vangueria thamnus'' ( Robyns) Lantz * '' Vangueria triflora'' ( Robyns) Lantz * '' Vangueria venosa'' (

Hochst. Christian Ferdinand Friedrich Hochstetter (16 February 1787 – 20 February 1860) was a German botanist and Protestant minister. Biography Hochstetter was born in Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg. He was the father of geologist Ferdinand H ...

)

* '' Vangueria verticillata'' ( Robyns) Lantz * '' Vangueria vestita'' ( Robyns) ined. * '' Vangueria volkensii''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2473658 Rubiaceae genera Taxonomy articles created by Polbot