''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

in the

orchid Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...

family,

Orchidaceae Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, they are one of the two largest families of flowering ...

. There are about 87

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among the most specifically adapted of all orchids within the Orchidaceae. The genus is highly prized in horticulture for its showy, fragrant, long-lasting, and intensely colorful flowers.The Orchids, Natural History and Classification, Robert L. Dressler. ''Vanda'' species are widespread across

East Asia East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The modern states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. China, North Korea, South Korea and ...

Southeast Asia Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

, and

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of ...

, with a few species extending into

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...

and some of the islands of the western

Pacific The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the continen ...

.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
/ref>

Biology

The name "Vanda" is derived from the

Sanskrit Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late ...

(वन्दाका) name for the species ''Vanda roxburghii'' (a synonym of ''

Vanda tessellata ''Vanda tessellata'' (also known as Grey orchid or Checkered Vanda) is a species of orchid occurring from the Indian subcontinent to Indochina. It is a medicinal plant. Description It is an epiphytic perennial, stem 30–60 cm long, stout ...

''). These mostly

epiphytic An epiphyte is an organism that grows on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, water (in marine environments) or from debris accumulating around it. The plants on which epiphytes grow are called phoroph ...

, but sometimes

lithophytic Lithophytes are plants that grow in or on rocks. They can be classified as either epilithic (or epipetric) or endolithic; epilithic lithophytes grow on the surfaces of rocks, while endolithic lithophytes grow in the crevices of rocks (and are als ...

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

orchids, are distributed in

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

Himalaya The Himalayas, or Himalaya (; ; ), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 ...

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

, the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

, southern

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

, and northern

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

. The genus has a

monopodial Vascular plants with monopodial growth habits grow upward from a single point. They add leaves to the apex each year and the stem grows longer accordingly. The word ''Monopodial'' is derived from Greek "mono-", ''one'' and "podial", "foot", in refe ...

growth habit with flat, typically broad, ovoid leaves (strap-leaves). Species with cylindrical (terete), fleshy leaves, which are adapted to dry periods were transferred to the genus

Papilionanthe ''Papilionanthe'' (abbreviated ''Ple.'') is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to Southeast Asia, southern China, and the Indian Subcontinent. Species *''Papilionanthe biswasiana'' (Ghose & Mukerjee) Ga ...

. The stems of these orchids vary considerably in size; some are miniature plants and some have a length of several meters. The plants can become quite massive in habitat and in cultivation, and epiphytic species possess very large, rambling aerial root systems. The roots have pneumatodes. The few to many flattened

flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...

s grow on a lateral

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...

. Most show a yellow-brown color with brown markings, but they also appear in white, green, orange, red, and burgundy shades. The

lip The lips are the visible body part at the mouth of many animals, including humans. Lips are soft, movable, and serve as the opening for food intake and in the articulation of sound and speech. Human lips are a tactile sensory organ, and can be ...

has a small spur. ''Vanda'' species usually bloom every few months and the flowers last for two to three weeks. Many ''Vanda'' orchids (especially ''V. coerulea'') are endangered, and have never been common because they are usually only infrequently encountered in habitat and grow only in disturbed forest areas with high light levels, and are severely threatened and vulnerable to habitat destruction. The export of wild-collected specimens of the blue orchid (''V. coerulea'') and other wild ''Vanda'' species is prohibited worldwide, as all orchids are listed on Appendix II of the

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species CITES (shorter name for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of interna ...

Cultivation

This genus is one of the five most horticulturally important orchid genera, because it has some of the most magnificent flowers to be found in the orchid family. This has contributed much to the work of hybridists producing flowers for the cut flower market. ''V. coerulea'' is one of the few botanical orchids which can produce varieties with blue flowers (actually a very bluish purple), a property much appreciated for producing interspecific and intergeneric hybrids. The color blue is rare among orchids, and only ''

Thelymitra crinita ''Thelymitra crinita'', commonly known as the blue lady orchid, queen orchid or lily orchid, is a species of orchid which is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single broad, oval leaf and up to fifteen brilliant blue flower ...

'', a terrestrial species from Australia, produces flowers that are truly "blue" among the orchids, the other being ''

Aganisia cyanea ''Aganisia cyanea'' (formerly ''Acacallis cyanea'') is a showy species of orchid native to Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil and widely cultivated elsewhere as an ornamental. It is remarkable because some cultivars of this species produce blu ...

'', a lowland species from northern South America that is difficult to cultivate, but has metallic blue flowers. Both of these species, much like ''Vanda'', also have a bluish-purple tint towards the inner petals of the flowers. ''Vanda dearei'' is one of the chief sources of yellow color in ''Vanda'' hybrids. The plants do not possess pseudobulbs, but do possess leathery, drought-resistant leaves. Almost all of the species in this genus are very large epiphytes found in disturbed areas in habitat and prefer very high light levels, the plants having large root systems. Some of these species have a monopodial vine-like growth habit, and the plants can quickly become quite massive. These plants prefer consistent conditions day-to-day in cultivation to avoid dropping their bottom leaves. The epiphytic species are best accommodated in large wooden baskets, bare rooted, which allows for the large aerial root systems. Disturbing or damaging the roots of large, mature vandaceous orchid plants, and in particular, ''Vanda'' and ''

Aerides ''Aerides'', known commonly as cat's-tail orchids and fox brush orchids, is a genus belonging to the orchid family (Orchidaceae, subfamily Epidendroideae, tribe Vandeae, subtribe Aeridinae). It is a group of tropical epiphyte orchids that grow ...

'' species, can result in the plants failing to flower and going into decline for a season or more. These plants do not tolerate disturbance or damage of their root systems in cultivation when they become mature. The terete-leaved terrestrial species are very easy to cultivate. When grown bare-rooted, the epiphytic species require daily watering and weekly feeding and are very heavy feeders in cultivation. They can be grown out-of-doors in Hawaii and the like provided they are given some shade.

Fungal infections

Unfortunately fungal infections are not uncommon in cultivated plants. A variety of phytopathogens may infect ''Vanda'' orchids. Vandas may be affected by ''Fusarium'' wilt. This disease is characterized by purple discolouration in the vascular tissue, which results in the loss of their function. The hyphae and spores block the conductor vessels. Affected plants may superficially appear healthy, as they continue to grow, the oldest parts of the plants can be affected and the disease will eventually progress throughout the entire plant. If cutting tools are not sterilized the infection may spread to other plants.

Systematics

In a recent molecular study of the genus ''Vanda'' , several Genera including the former Genus ''Ascocentrum'', ''Neofinetia'' and ''Euanthe'' were brought into synonym with ''Vanda'',

Species

The following is a list of ''Vanda'' species recognised by the

World Checklist of Selected Plant Families The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (usually abbreviated to WCSP) is an "international collaborative programme that provides the latest peer reviewed and published opinions on the accepted scientific names and synonyms of selected plan ...

as at January 2019: Ascocentrum ampullaceum

*''

Vanda aliceae ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *'' Vanda alpina'' (

to China - S.

Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked Provinces of China, province in Southwest China, the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is ...

) *''

Vanda × amoena ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda ampullacea ''Vanda ampullacea'' is a perennial epiphytic orchid found in southeast Asia from Nepal to China (southern Yunnan) and India, including the eastern Himalayas. It has had various classifications, initially called ''Aerides ampullacea'' by William ...

'' *'' Vanda arbuthnotiana'' (India) *'' Vanda arcuata'' (Indonesia - Sulawesi) *'' Vanda aurantiaca'' **''Vanda aurantiaca'' subsp. ''aurantiaca'' **''Vanda aurantiaca'' subsp. ''philippinensis'' *''

Vanda aurea ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda barnesii ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (North Luzon, Philippines) *''

Vanda bensonii ''Vanda bensonii'' is a species of orchid found from Assam to Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Penin ...

'' (Assam to Thailand) *'' Vanda bicolor'' (Bhutan) *''

Vanda bidupensis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Vietnam) *''

Vanda × boumaniae ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *'' Vanda brunnea'' (China - Yunnan to Indo-China) *'' Vanda celebica'' (Indonesia – Sulawesi) *'' Vanda × charlesworthii'' *''

Vanda chlorosantha ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Bhutan) *'' Vanda christensoniana'' *''

Vanda coerulea ''Vanda coerulea'', commonly known as blue orchid, blue vanda or autumn lady's tresses, is a species of orchid found in Northeast India with its range extending to China (southern Yunnan). It is known as ''kwaklei'' in Manipuri and ''vandaar'' ...

'' : "Blue Orchid" (Assam to China - S. Yunnan) *''

Vanda coerulescens ''Vanda coerulescens'', also known as sky-blue vanda, is a species of monopodial orchid native to Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, India, eastern Himalayas, southern Yunnan province in China, Myanmar and Thailand. Description The average height of ...

'' (Arunachal Pradesh to China - S. Yunnan) *''

Vanda concolor ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and ...

'' (S. China to Vietnam) *''

Vanda × confusa ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda cootesii ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda cristata ''Vanda cristata'' is a species of orchid found growing in the Himalaya from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Bhutan to China (northwestern Yunnan) at elevations of 600 – 2300 meters. Description "Unlike most of the other epiphytic orchids, ''Vand ...

'' (Himalaya to China - NW. Yunnan) *'' Vanda curvifolia'' *''

Vanda dearei ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Borneo) *''

Vanda denisoniana ''Vanda denisoniana'' is a species of orchid found from China (Yunnan) to northern Indochina. It was named after William Denison, 1st Earl of Londesborough, Lady Ida Emily Augusta Denison, an orchid enthusiast. References External links

...

'' (China - Yunnan to N. Indo-China) *'' Vanda devoogtii'' (Sulawesi) *''

Vanda dives ''Vanda dives'' is a species of epiphytic orchid Orchids are plants that belong to the family Orchidaceae (), a diverse and widespread group of flowering plants with blooms that are often colourful and fragrant. Along with the Asteraceae, ...

'' (Vietnam, Laos) *''

Vanda falcata ''Vanda falcata'', the wind orchid, is a species of orchid found in China, Korea, and Japan. It was formerly classified in the genus ''Neofinetia''. *风兰 (feng lan) China (N Fujian, S Gansu, SW Hubei, W Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang) *풍란 (pun ...

'' (Japan, China, Korea) *'' Vanda flabellata'' (Rolfe ex Downie) Christenson, 1985 *''

Vanda foetida ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (S. Sumatra) *'' Vanda frankieana'' *''

Vanda funingensis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda furva ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Java, Maluku) *''

Vanda fuscoviridis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the Orchidaceae, orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considere ...

'' (S. China to Vietnam) *''

Vanda garayi ''Vanda garayi'', or Garay's ascocentrum, is a small monopodial epiphytic orchid native to semi-deciduous and deciduous dry lowland forests of Thailand, Laos, and Sumatra. Description ''Vanda garayi'' is a small (rarely larger than 15 c ...

'' *''

Vanda gibbsiae ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda gracilis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda griffithii ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (E. Himalaya) *''

Vanda hastifera ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Borneo) *''

Vanda helvola ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (W. Malaysia to Philippines) *''

Vanda hindsii ''Vanda hindsii'', commonly known as the native strap orchid or the Cape York vanda, is a large epiphytic or lithophytic clump-forming orchid. It has thick, white, cord-like roots, branching stems, many thick, leathery, strap-like leaves and betw ...

'' (

Papuasia Papuasia is a Level 2 botanical region defined in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, in the Melanesia ecoregion of Oceania and Tropical Asia. It comprises the f ...

to N. Queensland) *''

Vanda insignis ''Vanda insignis'' is a species of orchid endemic to the Lesser Sunda Islands The Lesser Sunda Islands or nowadays known as Nusa Tenggara Islands ( id, Kepulauan Nusa Tenggara, formerly ) are an archipelago in Maritime Southeast Asia, nort ...

'' (Lesser Sunda Is.) *''

Vanda insularum ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda jainii ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Assam) *'' Vanda javierae'' (Philippines - Luzon) *''

Vanda jennae ''Vanda jennae'' is a species of ''Vanda'' endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 isla ...

'' P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm., 2005 *''

Vanda lamellata ''Vanda lamellata'' is a species of orchid found from the Japanese Ryukyu Islands ( Senkaku-gunto), Taiwan ( Lan Yü), to the Philippines, and northern Malaysian Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world a ...

'' (Taiwan, Philippines, Sabah) **''Vanda lamellata'' var. ''boxallii'' **''Vanda lamellata'' var. ''lamellata'' **''Vanda lamellata'' var. ''remediosae'' *'' Vanda lilacina'' (China - Yunnan to Indo-China) *'' Vanda limbata'' (Java, Lesser Sunda Is., Philippines - Mindanao) *''

Vanda liouvillei ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Assam to Indo-China) *''

Vanda lombokensis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Lesser Sunda Is.) *''

Vanda longitepala ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda luzonica ''Vanda luzonica'' is a species of vanda, a flower of the orchid family. It is a rare type of orchid and is endangered. ''Vanda luzonica'' is named after the island of Luzon in the Philippines. ''Vanda luzonica'' is epiphytic and can grow quite ...

'' (Philippines - Luzon) *''

Vanda malipoensis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda mariae ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *'' Vanda merrillii'' (Philippines) *''

Vanda metusalae ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' P.O'Byrne & J.J.Verm. (2008) *''

Vanda mindanoensis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda miniata ''Vanda miniata'', the rust-red ascocentrum, is a species of orchid found in Assam, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Java, Malaysia, Philippines, Sumatra. It was formerly known as ''Ascocentrum miniatum'' and was the type species of the genus ''Ascocent ...

'' *''

Vanda motesiana ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda nana ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the Orchidaceae, orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considere ...

'' *'' Vanda perplexa'' *'' Vanda petersiana'' (Myanmar) *''

Vanda pumila ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Nepal to Hainan and N. Sumatra) *''

Vanda punctata ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Pen. Malaysia) *'' Vanda richardsiana'' *''

Vanda roeblingiana ''Vanda roeblingiana'', Roebelen's vanda, is a species of orchid endemic to the mountain provinces of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. Hugh Low, a British colonial administrator and naturalist introduced the plant to London in 1893. The n ...

'' (Philippines - Luzon) *''

Vanda rubra ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the Orchidaceae, orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considere ...

'' *''

Vanda sanderiana ''Vanda sanderiana'' is a species of orchid. It is commonly called Waling-waling in the Philippines and is also called Sander's Vanda, after Henry Frederick Conrad Sander, a noted orchidologist. The orchid is considered to be the "Queen of Ph ...

'' *''

Vanda saxatilis ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *'' Vanda scandens'' (Borneo, Philippines - Mindanao) *''

Vanda semiteretifolia ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *''

Vanda stangeana ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (India - Arunachal Pradesh to Assam) *''

Vanda subconcolor ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (China - SW. Yunnan to Hainan) *''

Vanda sumatrana ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' (Sumatra) *''

'' (Indian subcontinent to Indo-China) *'' Vanda testacea'' (Indian subcontinent to SC. China). *'' Vanda thwaitesii'' (S. India, Sri Lanka) *''

Vanda tricolor ''Vanda tricolor'' is a species of orchid occurring in Laos and from Java, Bali, Lombok and Sumbawa. It was imported to England by Thomas Lobb Thomas Lobb (1817–1894) was a British botanist and, along with his older brother, William Lobb, ...

'' (Laos, Java, Bali) **''Vanda tricolor'' var. ''suavis'' **''Vanda tricolor'' var. ''tricolor'' *''

Vanda ustii ''Vanda ustii'', the University of Santo Tomas' vanda, is an orchid species found only in the Philippines. It is named after the University of Santo Tomas or U.S.T.The Orchids of the Philippines ''Orchids of the Philippines'' is a book by Jim Co ...

'' (Philippines - Luzon) *''

Vanda vietnamica ''Vanda'', abbreviated in the horticultural trade as ''V.,'' is a genus in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. There are about 87 species, and the genus is commonly cultivated for the marketplace. This genus and its allies are considered to be among ...

'' *'' Vanda vipanii'' (Myanmar) *'' Vanda wightii'' (S. India) *'' Vanda xichangensis''

Natural hybrids

*''Vanda × boumaniae'' (''V. insignis'' × ''V. limbata'') (Lesser Sunda Is.) *''Vanda × charlesworthii'' (''V. bensonii'' × ''V. coerulea'') (Myanmar) *''Vanda × confusa'' (''V. coerulescens'' × ''V. lilacina'') (Myanmar) *''Vanda × hebraica'' (''V. denisoniana'' × ''V. brunnea'') (Myanmar)Motes, M., Gardiner, L. M., & Roberts, D. L. (2016). The identity of spotted Vanda denisoniana. Orchid Review, 124(1316), 228-233.

Intergeneric hybrids

The following is a list of hybrid genera (nothogenera) in which hybrids vandas with orchids of other genera are placed although many of these are invalid because of recent taxonomic changes. For instance, × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' x ''Vanda'') and × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Vanda'' x ''Neofinetia'') are no longer valid because both ''Ascocentrum'' and ''Neofinetia'' have been reduced to synonyms of Vanda by RHS, which is in charge of the International Orchid Register: * × ''Aeridovanda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Aeridovanisia'' (''Aerides'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Alphonsoara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Andrewara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Aranda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ascocenda'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ascovandoritis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Bokchoonara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Bovornara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Burkillara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Charlieara'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Christieara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Darwinara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Debruyneara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Devereuxara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Eastonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Gastrochilus'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Fujiora'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Goffara'' (''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Hawaiiara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Hagerara'' (''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Himoriara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Holttumara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Isaoara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Joannara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Kagawara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Knappara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Knudsonara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Leeara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Luisanda'' (''Luisia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Luivanetia'' (''Luisia'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Lewisara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Maccoyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Macekara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Micholitzara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Moirara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Mokara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Nakamotoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Nobleara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Okaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Onoara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Opsisanda'' (''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Pageara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Luisia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Pantapaara'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Paulara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Pehara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Arachnis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Pereiraara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Phalaerianda'' (''Aerides'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Raganara'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ramasamyara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Renafinanda'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Renanda'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Renantanda'' (''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Rhynchovanda'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ridleyare'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Robinaria'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Ronnyara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Sanjumeara'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Sarcovanda'' (''Sarcochilus'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Shigeuraara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Ascoglossum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Stamariaara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Sutingara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Teohara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Trevorara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Trichovanda'' (''Trichoglottis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vascostylis'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandachnis'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Vancampe'' (''Acampe'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandachostylis'' (''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandaenopsis'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandaeranthes'' (''Aeranthes'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandewegheara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Doritis'' × ''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandofinetia'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandofinides'' (''Aerides'' × ''Neofinetia'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vandoritis'' (''Doritis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Vanglossum'' (''Ascoglossum'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Wilkinsara'' (''Ascocentrum'' × ''Vanda'' × ''Vandopsis'') * × ''Yapara'' (''Phalaenopsis'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Yusofara'' (''Arachnis'' × ''Ascocentrum'' × ''Renanthera'' × ''Vanda'') * × ''Yonezawaara'' (''Neofinetia'' × ''Rhynchostylis'' × ''Vanda'')

References

External links

* *
Vanda Miss Joaquim
{{Taxonbar, from=Q286061 Vandeae genera Epiphytic orchids

Biology

Cultivation

Fungal infections

Systematics

Species

Natural hybrids

Intergeneric hybrids

References

Further reading

External links