The ''Valley Heights Rail Museum'' is a

railway museum A railway museum is a museum that explores the history of all aspects of rail related transportation, including: locomotives ( steam, diesel, and electric), railway cars, trams, and railway signalling equipment. They may also operate historic ...

located in

Valley Heights, New South Wales Valley Heights is a small township of the City of Blue Mountains in New South Wales, Australia. It is about from Sydney and is located east of the township of Springwood. At the , Valley Heights had a population of 1,337 people. Valley Heig ...

, Australia. The facility is located north-west of

Valley Heights railway station Valley Heights railway station is a heritage-listed railway station located on the Main Western railway line, Main Western line in Valley Heights, New South Wales, Valley Heights, in the City of Blue Mountains local government area of New South ...

. The museum is operated by two partner organisations: * The Valley Heights Locomotive Depot Heritage Museum, is the Blue Mountains Division of Transport Heritage New South Wales. * The Valley Heights Steam Tramway (a business name of the Steam Tram and Railway Preservation (Co-op) Society) is the operator of historic steam trams and trains within the former locomotive depot.

Locomotive depot

The heritage-listed locomotive depot was constructed in 1913 when the

duplication Duplication, duplicate, and duplicator may refer to: Biology and genetics * Gene duplication, a process which can result in free mutation * Chromosomal duplication, which can cause Bloom and Rett syndrome * Polyploidy, a phenomenon also known ...

of the

Main Western railway line The Main Western Railway is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia. It runs through the Blue Mountains, Central West, North West Slopes and the Far West regions. It is with operational & under construction & repairs. Description o ...

between Emu Plains and Glenbrook was completed. The depot was available for service from December 1913, but was not officially opened until 31 January 1914. With the duplication and regrading of the line, the heavy grades below Valley Heights were eliminated, the

ruling gradient The term ruling grade is usually used as a synonym for "steepest climb" between two points on a railroad. More simply, the steepest grade to be climbed dictates how powerful the motive power (or how light the train) must be in order for the run to ...

from Penrith to Valley Heights being 1 in 60. The depot at Valley Heights consisted of a locomotive yard, a 10 bay roundhouse,

turntable A phonograph, in its later forms also called a gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name in the UK since 1910) or since the 1940s called a record player, or more recently a turntable, is a device for the mechanical and analogu ...

, an elevated

coal stage A coaling tower, coal stage, coaling plant or coaling station is a facility used to load coal as fuel into railway steam locomotives. Coaling towers were often sited at motive power depots or locomotive maintenance shops. In the early years o ...

, and water tanks and columns. It provided bank engines for trains travelling to Katoomba and beyond. The engines at Valley Heights not only banked over the longest distance in NSW, but also had the envious distinction of having to operate over the longest continual and most steeply graded mainline in Australia. The 33 kilometre section from Valley Heights to Katoomba rises 670 metres, with a ruling gradient of 1 in 33. During the steam era, the depot had a continual allotment of eight freight and two passenger engines. During the peak of the steam era, an average of 30 trains during any 24-hour period required banking from Valley Heights to Katoomba. The line was

electrified Electrification is the process of powering by electricity and, in many contexts, the introduction of such power by changing over from an earlier power source. The broad meaning of the term, such as in the history of technology, economic history ...

to Valley Heights in October 1956. In February 1957, steam operations from Valley Heights were replaced by the 46 class electric locomotives. The depot in latter years was an electric locomotive and freight wagon repair workshop, the electric engines receiving everything from minor repairs to complete overhauls at the depot. A variety of freight wagons were also repaired. The demise of Valley Heights depot began when the more powerful 85 class locomotives were introduced in 1979. The demise was accelerated with the introduction of the 86 class locomotives in early 1983. From the mid-1980s, the number of trains requiring banking from Valley Heights had been reduced to a handful each day, the number of locomotives required for this duty being reduced to three, sometimes as few as two being necessary. In October 1988, it was announced the depot would close. One electric locomotive remained available for any bank work necessary, until the last week of January 1989, when 4627 had the distinction operating the last train to be banked from Valley Heights to Katoomba. Milestones included: *1911 – railway station destroyed by bushfire *1912 – repairs to railway station buildings destroyed by bushfire *1914 – new roundhouse and depot brought into use *1924 – additional water supplies at depot *1925 – improvements to facilities, including ash tunnel for locomotive ash handling *1949 – upgrading facilities for crew amenities *1953 – the only fatality in the depot's history when Hendrikus Trip killed walking on the main line *1957 – electric locomotives take over from steam locomotives as bank engines *1960s – improvements to allow for servicing and repairs to electric locomotives, members room/meal room, visitor centre and refreshment rooms added *1973 – machine workshop annex added *1987 – the first floor level of brickwork at signal box was removed in 1987 and extension added *1988 – reduced use of bank engines as larger electric locomotives are used on main line work *1992 – footbridge, upgrading work, concrete deck and stairs *1993 – depot closed *1990s – extensive repairs to roundhouse *2014 – centenary of depot and official opening of museum by

Governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...

Marie Bashir Dame Marie Roslyn Bashir (born 1 December 1930) is the former and second longest-serving Governor of New South Wales. Born in Narrandera, New South Wales, Bashir graduated from the University of Sydney in 1956 and held various medical positio ...

*2017 – sesqui centenary of opening western line to Weatherboard (now

Wentworth Falls Wentworth Falls (postcode: 2782) is a town in the Blue Mountains region of New South Wales, situated approximately west of the Sydney central business district, and about east of Katoomba, Australia on the Great Western Highway, with a Went ...

) *2018 – major renovation of roundhouse forecourt *2021 – new steel and concrete retaining wall

Museum

In 1994, the Blue Mountains Division of the New South Wales Rail Transport Museum (now

Transport Heritage NSW In 2013, Transport Heritage NSW was established by the Government of New South Wales to manage the State’s rail heritage collection and provide support to the broader transport (bus, tram, rail) heritage sector in NSW following an independent ...

) established the Valley Heights Locomotive Depot Railway Museum, with the aim of preserving the depot to provide historical, educational and recreational facilities and opportunities for the benefit of the Blue Mountains community and visitor to the region. Following the destruction of the Parramatta Park Tramway by fire in June 1993, the Valley Heights Steam Tramway was established in 1997 by the Stream Tram and Railway Preservation (Co-Op) Society Limited and its remaining assets were also transferred to Valley Heights. In 2007/08, the museum built a new work shed constructed near ash disposal tunnel, former amenities building (refreshment room and visitor centre) repaired and refurbished, ongoing work in roundhouse, chargeman's office (museum) repaired and refurbished, ash disposal tunnel cleaned and restored, amenities (toilets) were repaired and refurbished.

Heritage status

Together with the

, the locomotive depot was listed on the

New South Wales State Heritage Register The New South Wales State Heritage Register, also known as NSW State Heritage Register, is a heritage list of places in the state of New South Wales, Australia, that are protected by New South Wales legislation, generally covered by the Heritag ...

on 2 April 1999. The depot is considered "of state significance as an important locomotive depot, and the principal service and maintenance facility for bank engines working over the Main Western line between Sydney and Lithgow for almost 80 years".

Valley Heights Steam Tram Rolling Stock Valley Heights Steam Tram Rolling Stock is a heritage-listed collection of tramway machinery at 17b Tusculum Road, Valley Heights, City of Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1889 to 1891. The property is owned by St ...

displayed and operated at the museum is also listed on the State Heritage Register as 'collection of steam tram rolling stock is of state historical significance as a remnant of the steam tram network in operation in NSW between the 1880s and the 1930s'.

Centenary

On 31 January 2014, the museum celebrated the centenary of the opening of the depot, with a special ceremony featuring speeches from the NSW governor

and NSW premier

Barry O'Farrell Barry Robert O'Farrell (born 24 May 1959) is a former Australian politician who has been Australia's High Commissioner to India and non-resident Ambassador to Bhutan since May 2020. O'Farrell was the 43rd Premier of New South Wales and Minis ...

. The governor formally opened the museum during this event, which received extensive coverage on local and state media.

Museum exhibits

The museum's collection of railway locomotives, carriages, wagons and other railway equipment includes: The museum publishes historical and technical details of exhibits on its website. File:Valley Heights Mixed at Museum June 2015.jpg , Valley Heights Mixed train at Valley Heights Locomotive Depot Heritage Museum File:Tram 103a and Trailer at Museum December 2015.jpg, NSWGR Steam Tram and Trailer at Valley Heights File:4601-on-turntable-2015-03-17.jpg, 4601 on turntable at Valley Heights 2015-03-17 File:NSWGR_Class_D57_Locomotive.jpg, Locomotive 5711 under restoration at Valley Heights

References

External links

Valley Heights Rail Museum websiteValley Heights Locomotive Depot Heritage MuseumValley Heights Steam Tramway, a business name of the Steam Tram and Railway Preservation (Co=Op) Society Ltd
* {{Authority control Museums in New South Wales Museums established in 1994 Railway museums in New South Wales Railway roundhouses in Australia Tourist railways in New South Wales 1994 establishments in Australia Valley Heights, New South Wales Buildings and structures in the Blue Mountains (New South Wales) History of the Blue Mountains (New South Wales)