Validity or Valid may refer to: Science/mathematics/statistics: *

Validity (logic) In logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false. It is not required for a valid argument to have ...

, a property of a logical argument * Scientific: **

Internal validity Internal validity is the extent to which a piece of evidence supports a claim about cause and effect, within the context of a particular study. It is one of the most important properties of scientific studies and is an important concept in reason ...

, the validity of causal inferences within scientific studies, usually based on experiments **

External validity External validity is the validity of applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context of that study. In other words, it is the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to and across other situations, people, stim ...

, the validity of generalized causal inferences in scientific studies, usually based on experiments **

Valid name (zoology) In zoological nomenclature, the valid name of a taxon is the sole correct scientific name. The valid name should be used for that taxon, instead of any other name that may currently be being used, or may previously have been used. A name is valid ...

, in animal taxonomy **

Validly published name In botanical nomenclature, a validly published name is a name that meets the requirements in the '' International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' for valid publication. Valid publication of a name represents the minimum requir ...

, in plant taxonomy *

Validity (statistics) Validity is the main extent to which a concept, conclusion or measurement is well-founded and likely corresponds accurately to the real world. The word "valid" is derived from the Latin validus, meaning strong. The validity of a measurement tool ( ...

, the application of the principles of statistics to arrive at valid conclusions **

Statistical conclusion validity Statistical conclusion validity is the degree to which conclusions about the relationship among variables based on the data are correct or "reasonable". This began as being solely about whether the statistical conclusion about the relationship of ...

, establishes the existence and strength of the co-variation between the cause and effect variables **

Test validity Test validity is the extent to which a test (such as a chemical test, chemical, physical test, physical, or test (assessment), scholastic test) accuracy and precision, accurately measures what it is supposed to measure. In the fields of psychologica ...

, validity in educational and psychological testing **

Face validity Face validity is the extent to which a test is subjectively viewed as covering the concept it purports to measure. It refers to the transparency or relevance of a test as it appears to test participants. In other words, a test can be said to have f ...

, the property of a test intended to measure something ***

Construct validity Construct validity concerns how well a set of indicators represent or reflect a concept that is not directly measurable. ''Construct validation'' is the accumulation of evidence to support the interpretation of what a measure reflects.Polit DF Beck ...

, refers to whether a scale measures or correlates with the theorized psychological construct it measures ***

Content validity In psychometrics, content validity (also known as logical validity) refers to the extent to which a measure represents all facets of a given construct. For example, a depression scale may lack content validity if it only assesses the affective dim ...

, the extent to which a measure represents all facets of a given construct ***

Concurrent validity Concurrent validity is a type of evidence that can be gathered to defend the use of a test for predicting other outcomes. It is a parameter used in sociology, psychology, and other Psychometrics, psychometric or behavioral sciences. Concurrent vali ...

, the extent to which a test correlates with another measure ***

Predictive validity In psychometrics, predictive validity is the extent to which a score on a scale or test predicts scores on some criterion measure. For example, the validity of a cognitive test for job performance is the correlation between test scores and, for e ...

, the extent to which a score on a scale or test predicts scores on some other measure ***

Discriminant validity In psychology, discriminant validity tests whether concepts or measurements that are not supposed to be related are actually unrelated. Campbell and Fiske (1959) introduced the concept of discriminant validity within their discussion on evaluating ...

, the degree to which results a test of one concept can be expected to differ from tests of other concepts that should not be correlated with this one ***

Criterion validity In psychometrics, criterion validity, or criterion-related validity, is the extent to which an operationalization of a construct, such as a test, relates to, or predicts, a theoretical representation of the construct—the criterion. Criterion valid ...

, the extent to which a measure is related to an outcome ***

Convergent validity Convergent validity, for human cognition, especially within sociology, psychology, and other behavioral sciences, refers to the degree to which two measures that theoretically should be related, are in fact related. Convergent validity, along with ...

, the degree to which multiple measures of the same construct lead to the same conclusion Other: *

Valid (number format) Unums (''universal numbers'') are a family of formats and arithmetic, similar to floating point, proposed by John L. Gustafson in 2015. They are designed as an alternative to the ubiquitous IEEE 754 floating-point standard. The latest version ...

, a universal number format (unum type III) *

Valid (engraving company) Valid is a Brazilian engraving company headquartered in Rio de Janeiro that provides security printing services to financial institutions, telecommunication companies, state governments, and public agencies in Brazil, Argentina, and Spain. In to ...

, a Brazilian company * VALID (Video Audio Line-up & IDentification), part of the GLITS broadcast television protocol *

Validity and liceity (Catholic Church) Validity and liceity are concepts in the Catholic Church. Validity designates an action which produces the effects intended; an action which does not produces the effects intended is considered "invalid". Liceity designates an action which has bee ...

, concepts in the Catholic Church.

See also