''Vachellia'' is a genus of

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the

legume A legume () is a plant in the family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seed of such a plant. When used as a dry grain, the seed is also called a pulse. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, for livestock f ...

family,

Fabaceae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...

, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily

Mimosoideae The Mimosoideae are a traditional subfamily of trees, herbs, lianas, and shrubs in the pea family (Fabaceae) that mostly grow in tropical and subtropical climates. They are typically characterized by having radially symmetric flowers, with petals ...

. Its species were considered members of genus ''

Acacia ''Acacia'', commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae. Initially, it comprised a group of plant species native to Africa and Australasia. The genus na ...

'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can be distinguished from other acacias by its capitate

inflorescence An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a stem that is composed of a main branch or a complicated arrangement of branches. Morphologically, it is the modified part of the shoot of seed plants where flowers are formed o ...

s and spinescent

stipule In botany, a stipule is an outgrowth typically borne on both sides (sometimes on just one side) of the base of a leafstalk (the petiole). Stipules are considered part of the anatomy of the leaf of a typical flowering plant, although in many speci ...

s. Before discovery of the

New World The term ''New World'' is often used to mean the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 3 ...

, Europeans in the Mediterranean region were familiar with several species of ''Vachellia'', which they knew as sources of medicine, and had names for them that they inherited from the Greeks and Romans. The wide-ranging genus occurs in a variety of open, tropical to subtropical habitats, and is locally dominant. In parts of Africa, ''Vachellia'' species are shaped progressively by grazing animals of increasing size and height, such as

gazelle A gazelle is one of many antelope species in the genus ''Gazella'' . This article also deals with the seven species included in two further genera, ''Eudorcas'' and ''Nanger'', which were formerly considered subgenera of ''Gazella''. A third f ...

gerenuk The gerenuk (; so, garanuug; ''Litocranius walleri''), also known as the giraffe gazelle, is a long-necked antelope found in parts of East Africa. The sole member of the genus ''Litocranius'', the gerenuk was first described by the naturalist ...

, and

giraffe The giraffe is a large African hoofed mammal belonging to the genus ''Giraffa''. It is the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant on Earth. Traditionally, giraffes were thought to be one species, ''Giraffa camelopardalis ...

. The genus in Africa has thus developed thorns in defence against such herbivory.

Nomenclature

By 2005, taxonomists had decided that ''

Acacia sensu lato ''Acacia s.l.'' (pronounced or ), known commonly as mimosa, acacia, thorntree or wattle, is a polyphyletic genus of shrubs and trees belonging to the subfamily Mimosoideae of the family Fabaceae. It was described by the Swedish botanist Carl Li ...

'' should be split into at least five separate genera. The ICN dictated that under these circumstances, the name of ''Acacia'' should remain with the original type, which was ''

Acacia nilotica ''Vachellia nilotica'', more commonly known as ''Acacia nilotica'', and by the vernacular names of gum arabic tree, babul, thorn mimosa, Egyptian acacia or thorny acacia, is a flowering tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Africa, the Mi ...

''. However, that year the General Committee of the

IBC IBC is an initialism that can stand for: Broadcasting *Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation, Channel 13, Philippines * International Beacon Project, Worldwide network of radio propagation beacons *International Broadcast Centre *International ...

decided that ''Acacia'' should be given a new type (''

Acacia verticillatum ''Acacia'', commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae. Initially, it comprised a group of plant species native to Africa and Australasia. The genus na ...

'') so that the ~920 species of Australian acacias would not need to be renamed ''Racosperma''. This decision was opposed by 54.9% or 247 representatives at its 2005 congress, while 45.1% or 203 votes were cast in favor. However, since a 60% vote was required to override the committee, the decision was carried, and a '' nom. cons. propositum'' was listed in Appendix III (p. 286). The 2011 congress voted 373 to 172 to uphold the 2005 decision, which means that the name ''

'' and a new type follow the majority of the species in ''

'', rather than this genus. However, some members of the botanical community remain unconvinced, and the use of ''Acacia'' in the scientific literature continues to exceed the use of the new generic names.

Description

The members of ''Vachellia'' are trees or shrubs, sometimes climbing, and are always armed. Younger plants, especially, are armed with spines which are modified

s, situated near the leaf bases. Some (''cf''. '' V. tortilis'', ', '' V. luederitzii'' and '' V. reficiens'') are also armed with paired, recurved prickles (in addition to the spines). The leaves are alternate and bipinnately arranged, and their pinnae are usually opposite. The racemose inflorescences usually grow from the leaf axils. The yellow or creamy white flowers are produced in spherical heads, or seldom in elongate spikes, which is the general rule in the related genus ''

Senegalia ''Senegalia'' (from Senegal and ''Acacia senegal'' (L.) Willd.) is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It belongs to the Mimosoid clade. Until 2005, its species were considered members of ''Acacia.'' The genus was considered polyp ...

''. The flowers are typically bisexual with numerous stamens, but unisexual flowers have been noted in '' V. nilotica'' (''cf''. Sinha, 1971). The calyx and corolla are usually 4 to 5-lobed. Glands are usually present on the

rachis In biology, a rachis (from the grc, ῥάχις [], "backbone, spine") is a main axis or "shaft". In zoology and microbiology In vertebrates, ''rachis'' can refer to the series of articulated vertebrae, which encase the spinal cord. In this c ...

and the upper side of the petiole. The seed pod may be straight, curved or curled, and either dehiscent or indehiscent. File:Vachellia vernicosa.jpg, ''V. vernicosa'', or "viscid acacia", in habitat,

Far West Texas The Trans-Pecos, as originally defined in 1887 by the Texas geologist Robert T. Hill, is the portion of Texas that lies west of the Pecos River. The term is considered synonymous with Far West Texas, a subdivision of West Texas. The Trans-Pe ...

File:Vachellia vernicosa inflorescence.jpg, ''V. vernicosa'', detail of inflorescence

Species list

Of the 163 species currently assigned to ''Vachellia'', 52 are native to the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ...

, 83 to

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...

and the

Mascarene Islands The Mascarene Islands (, ) or Mascarenes or Mascarenhas Archipelago is a group of islands in the Indian Ocean east of Madagascar consisting of the islands belonging to the Republic of Mauritius as well as the French department of Réunion. Thei ...

, 32 to

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area ...

and 9 to

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

and the

Pacific Islands Collectively called the Pacific Islands, the islands in the Pacific Ocean are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of se ...

. ''Vachellia'' comprises the following species: * ''

Vachellia abyssinica ''Vachellia abyssinica'', the flat top acacia, is a tree up to 16 m tall. Description Its bark is reddish-brown on older trees. On younger trees it is pale yellowish-brown, peeling off in papery wads. Young twigs are softly hairy. Thorns are ...

'' (Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flat top acacia ** subsp. ''abyssinica'' (Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''calophylla'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia acuifera'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—Bahama acacia, cassip, pork-and-doughboy, (''Bahamas'') rosewood * '' Vachellia albicortata'' (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia allenii'' (D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger—Allen acacia * ''

Vachellia amythethophylla ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Steud. ex A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia ancistroclada'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia anegadensis'' (Britton) Seigler & Ebinger—Anegada acacia, blackbrush-wattle, pokemeboy * '' Vachellia antunesii'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia arenaria'' (Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.—sand acacia * ''

Vachellia aroma ''Vachellia aroma'' is a small, perennial, thorny tree native to Peru, Chile, Argentina and Paraguay. Some common names for it are , aromo negro, espinillo and tusca. It is not listed as being a threatened species. Although some sources say tha ...

'' (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''aroma'' Gillies ex Hook. & Arn. ** var. ''huarango'' Ruíz & J.Macbr. * ''

Vachellia astringens ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Gillies in Hook. et Arn.) Speg. * '' Vachellia baessleri'' Clarke, Siegler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia barahonensis'' (Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia bavazzanoi'' (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia belairioides ''Vachellia belairioides'' is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Cuba, confined to Holguín Province in northeastern Cuba. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habi ...

'' (Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger—Bellair acacia * ''

Vachellia bellula ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus '' Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' c ...

'' (Drake) Boatwr. * '' Vachellia biaciculata'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger—corkwood wattle, dogwood * '' Vachellia bidwillii'' (Benth.) Kodela—corkwood wattle, dogwood. "'Waneu', of the aboriginals of Central Queensland ; 'Yadthor', of those of the Cloncurry River, Northern Queensland." * '' Vachellia bilimekii'' (J. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia bolei'' (R.P. Subhedar) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin * '' Vachellia borleae'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.—sticky acacia, named for the collector Jeanne M. Borle. * '' Vachellia brandegeana'' (I. M. Johnst.) Seigler & Ebinger—Baja California acacia * '' Vachellia bravoensis'' (Isely) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia bricchettiana'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia bucheri ''Vachellia bucheri'' is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae found only in Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla d ...

'' (Marie-Victorín) Seigler & Ebinger—Bucher acacia * '' Vachellia bullockii'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''bullockii'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''induta'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia burttii ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia sensu lato, Acacia'' until 2009. ...

'' (Bak. f.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia bussei'' (Harms ex Sjöstedt) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia californica'' (Brandegee) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia campechiana'' (Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger—boatthorn acacia, spoon-thorn acacia ** f. ''campechiana'' (Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger ** f. ''houghii'' (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia caurina'' (Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger * ''

Vachellia caven ''Vachellia caven'' (Roman cassie, , aromo criollo, caven, , , espinillo, espinillo de baado, espino, espino maulino) is an ornamental tree in the family Fabaceae. ''Vachellia caven'' is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Urugua ...

'' (Molina) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''caven'' (Molina) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''dehiscens'' (Ciald.) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''microcarpa '' (Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''stenocarpa '' (Speg.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia cernua'' (Thulin & Hassan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia chiapensis'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—Chiapas acacia * ''

Vachellia choriophylla ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia sensu lato, Acacia'' until 2009. ...

'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—cinnecord acacia, Florida acacia, (''Bahamas'') cinnecord * '' Vachellia clarksoniana'' (Pedley) Kodela * '' Vachellia collinsii'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—Collins acacia * ''

Vachellia constricta ''Vachellia constricta'', also known commonly as the whitethorn acacia, is a shrub native to Mexico and the Southwestern United States, with a disjunct eastern population in Virginia and Maryland. Distribution In the Southwest ''V. constricta'' ...

'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—Whitethorn acacia, Mescat acacia * ''

Vachellia cookii ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—Cook acacia, cockspur acacia * ''

Vachellia cornigera ''Vachellia cornigera'', commonly known as bullhorn acacia (family Fabaceae), is a swollen-thorn tree native to Mexico and Central America. The common name of "bullhorn" refers to the enlarged, hollowed-out, swollen thorns (technically called sti ...

'' (L.) Seigler & Ebinger—bullhorn wattle, bull's-horn acacia, bull-horn thorn, oxhorn acacia * '' Vachellia cucuyo'' (Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger—Cucuyo acacia * '' Vachellia curvifructa'' (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia daemon'' (Ekman & Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger—Camagüey acacia * '' Vachellia davyi'' (N.E.Br.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—corky-bark acacia * '' Vachellia ditricha'' (Pedley) Kodela * '' Vachellia dolichocephala'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia douglasica ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Pedley) Kodela * ''

Vachellia drepanolobium ''Vachellia drepanolobium'', more commonly known as ''Acacia drepanolobium'' or whistling thorn, is a swollen-thorn acacia native to East Africa. The whistling thorn grows up to 6 meters tall. It produces a pair of straight spines at each node, ...

'' (Harms ex Sjöstedt) P.J.H. Hurter—whistling thorn * '' Vachellia dyeri'' (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia eburnea ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus '' Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' ...

'' (L.f.) P. Hurter & Mabb. * '' Vachellia ebutsiniorum'' (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Ebutsini acacia * '' Vachellia edgeworthii'' (T.Anders.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia elatior ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia sensu lato, Acacia'' until 2009. ...

'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''elatior'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''turkanae'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia erioloba ''Vachellia erioloba'', the camel thorn, giraffe thorn, or Kameeldoring in Afrikaans, still more commonly known as ''Acacia erioloba'', is a tree of southern Africa in the family Fabaceae. Its preferred habitat is the deep dry sandy soils in par ...

'' (E.Mey.) P.J.H. Hurter—camel thorn (''Kameeldoring'') * ''

Vachellia erythrophloea ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia etbaica ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—savannah thorn ** subsp. ''australis'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''etbaica'' (Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''platycarpa'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''uncinata'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia exuvialis'' (Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flaky-bark acacia * ''

Vachellia farnesiana ''Vachellia farnesiana'', also known as ''Acacia farnesiana'', and previously ''Mimosa farnesiana'', commonly known as sweet acacia, huisache, or needle bush, is a species of shrub or small tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. Its flowers are use ...

'' (L.) Wight & Arn.—huisache ** var. ''farnesiana'' (L.) Wight & Arn. ** var. ''guanacastensis'' (H.D.Clarke ''et al''.) Wight & Arn. ** var. ''minuta'' (M.E.Jones) Wight & Arn. ** var. ''pinetorum'' (F.J.Herm.) Wight & Arn.—pineland wattle * '' Vachellia fischeri'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flat-topped thorn * ''

Vachellia flava ''Vachellia flava'', synonym ''Acacia ehrenbergiana'', is a species of drought-resistant bush or small tree, commonly known as salam in Arabic. It is found in the Sahara, the northern Sahel, parts of East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ...

'' (Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia gentlei ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Standley) Seigler & Ebinger—gentle acacia * '' Vachellia gerrardii'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter—red acacia ** var. ''calvescens'' (Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter ** var. ''gerrardii'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter ** var. ''latisiliqua'' (Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter * '' Vachellia glandulifera'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia globulifera'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger—globular acacia * '' Vachellia grandicornuta'' (Gerstner) Seigler & Ebinger—horned-thorn acacia * ''

Vachellia guanacastensis ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus '' Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' ...

'' (Clark, Seigler, & Ebinger) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia gummifera'' (Willd.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—gum-bearing acacia * '' Vachellia haematoxylon'' (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger—gray camel thorn, giraffe thorn * '' Vachellia harmandiana'' (Pierre) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * ''

Vachellia hebeclada ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—candle-pod acacia ** subsp. ''chobiensis'' (O.B.Miller) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''hebeclada'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''tristis'' (A.Schreiber) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia hindsii'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—Hinds acacia * '' Vachellia hockii'' (De Wild.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia horrida'' (L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—long white-galled acacia ** subsp. ''benadirensis'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''horrida'' (L.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia hydaspica'' (J.R. Drumm. ex R. Parker) Ali * '' Vachellia inopinata'' (Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia insulae-iacobi'' (L. Riley) Seigler & Ebinger * ''

Vachellia jacquemontii ''Vachellia jacquemontii'' is a species of plant native to the Thar Desert of India and Pakistan. The species name refers to French botanist Victor Jacquemont.Allen J. Coombes It grows as an erect shrub or small tree, usually to high, with ...

'' (Benth.) ali—baonḷī, raati-banwali * '' Vachellia janzenii'' (Ebinger & Seigler) Seigler & Ebinger—Janzen acacia * '' Vachellia karroo'' (Hayne) Banfi & Galasso—Karroo BushTaxon in the ''V. karroo'' complex, see: * '' Vachellia kingii'' (Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * ''

Vachellia kirkii ''Vachellia kirkii'', widely known as ''Acacia kirkii'' but now attributed to the genus ''Vachellia'', is a tree native to tropical Africa. It is commonly known as the flood plain acacia. ''Vachellia kirkii'' is a multi-trunked shrub or tree. I ...

'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—flood plain acacia ** subsp. ''kirkii'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr. *** var. ''kirkii'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr. *** var. ''sublaevis'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''mildbraedii'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia koltermanii'' R. García, M. Mejía, Ebinger, & Seigler * '' Vachellia kosiensis'' (P.P.Sw. ex Coates Palgr.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—dune acacia, dune sweet-thorn * '' Vachellia lahai'' (Steud. & Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—red-thorn acacia * '' Vachellia lasiopetala'' (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia latispina'' (J.E.Burrows & S.M.Burrows) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia leucophloea ''Vachellia leucophloea'' ( hi, रेवंजा), also called ''reonja'', is a moderate-sized tree native to South and Southeast Asia. Distribution ''Vachellia leucophloea'' grows natively in India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thail ...

'' (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger—pilang ** var. ''leucophloea'' (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''microcephala'' (Kurz) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia leucospira'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia luederitzii ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—bastard umbrella thorn ** var. ''luederitzii'' (Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Kalahari-sand acacia ** var. ''retinens'' (Sim) Kyal. & Boatwr.—balloon-thorn acacia * ''

Vachellia macracantha ''Vachellia macracantha'' is a species of tree in the family Fabaceae. Its native range spans from southern Florida to South America. References {{Taxonbar, from=Q15545373, from2=Q9566669 Flora of Florida Flora of Central America Flora o ...

'' (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger—longspine acacia, French casha, long-spine acacia, porknut, cambrón, long-spined acacia, (''Jamaica'') parknut, (''Virgin Islands'') wild tamarind, (''Netherlands Antilles'') Creole casha, Spanish casha, steel acacia, (''Virgin Islands'') stink casha, strink casha * '' Vachellia macrothyrsa'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia malacocephala'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.—black-galled acacia * '' Vachellia mayana'' (Lundell) Seigler & Ebinger—Maya Acacia * '' Vachellia mbuluensis'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—hairy-galled acacia * '' Vachellia melanoceras'' (Beurl.) Seigler & Ebinger—blackthorn acacia, bullhorn acacia * '' Vachellia montana'' (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia myaingii'' (Lace) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia myrmecophila'' (R.Vig.) Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia natalitia ''Vachellia natalitia'' is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. References natalitia {{Mimosoideae-stub ...

'' (E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—pale-bark acacia, pale-bark sweet thorn * '' Vachellia nebrownii'' (Burtt Davy) Seigler & Ebinger—water acacia, water thorn * ''

Vachellia negrii ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr. *''

Vachellia nilotica ''Vachellia nilotica'', more commonly known as ''Acacia nilotica'', and by the vernacular names of gum arabic tree, babul, thorn mimosa, Egyptian acacia or thorny acacia, is a flowering tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Africa, the Mid ...

'' (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.—scented-pod acacia, gum Arabic tree, babul, Amrad gum, thorny mimosa of India ** subsp. ''adstringens'' (Schumach. & Thonn.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''cupressiformis'' (J.L.Stewart) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''hemispherica'' (Ali & Faruqi) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''indica'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.—Babul, Prickly acacia ** subsp. ''kraussiana'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''leiocarpa'' (Brenan) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''nilotica'' (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''subalata'' (Vatke) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. ** subsp. ''tomentosa'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. * ''

Vachellia nubica ''Vachellia nubica'' is a species of plant in the family Fabaceae. Botanical description It is a somewhat obconical shrub which grows up to about 5 metres high. The branches often radiate from the base in all directions. The branchlets tend to ...

'' (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia oerfota'' (Forssk) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''brevifolia'' (Boulos) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''oerfota'' (Forssk) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia origena'' (Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia ormocarpoides'' (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Leolo thorn * '' Vachellia oviedoensis'' (R. García & M. Mejía) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia pacensis'' (Rudd & Carter) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia pachyphloia'' (W. Fitzg.) Kodela ** subsp. ''brevipinnula'' (Tindale & Kodela) Kodela ** subsp. ''pachyphloia'' (W. Fitzg.) Kodela * '' Vachellia pallidifolia'' (Tindale) Kodela * '' Vachellia paolii'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''paolii'' (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''paucijuga'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia pennatula ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger—feather acacia ** var. ''parvicephala'' Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''pennatula'' (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia permixta'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.—slender acacia * '' Vachellia pilispina'' (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.—mpande * '' Vachellia polypyrigenes'' (Greenm.) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia prasinata'' (Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia pringlei'' (Rose) Seigler & Ebinger—Pringle acacia ** var. ''californica'' —California Pringle acacia ** var. ''pringlei'' (Rose) Seigler & Ebinger—typical Pringle acacia * ''

Vachellia pseudofistula ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.—ant-galled acacia * '' Vachellia qandalensis'' (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia quintanilhae ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Torre) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia reficiens ''Vachellia reficiens'' ( af, Rooihak, german: link=no, Rotrindenakazie), commonly known as red-bark acacia, red thorn, false umbrella tree, or false umbrella thorn, is a deciduous tree or shrub of the pea family (Fabaceae) native to southern Af ...

'' (Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr.—red-bark acacia ** subsp. ''misera'' (Vatke) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** subsp. ''reficiens'' (Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia rehmanniana ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.—silky acacia * ''

Vachellia rigidula ''Vachellia rigidula'', commonly known as blackbrush acacia or chaparro prieto, and also known as ''Acacia rigidula'', is a species of shrub or small tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. Its native range stretches from Texas in the United States ...

'' (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger—blackbrush acacia, blackbrush * '' Vachellia robbertsei'' (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Sekhukhune acacia * '' Vachellia robusta'' (Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—splendid acacia ** subsp. ''clavigera'' (E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—river acacia ** subsp. ''robusta'' (Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—robust acacia ** subsp. ''usambarensis'' (Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia roigii'' (Léon) Seigler & Ebinger—Roig acacia * '' Vachellia rorudiana'' (Christopherson) Seigler & Ebinger—Galapagos acacia * '' Vachellia ruddiae'' (D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger—Rudd acacia * ''

Vachellia schaffneri ''Vachellia schaffneri'', the twisted acacia or Schaffner's acacia, is a tree native to Mexico and the United States (Texas). Description This is a thorny tree growing up to 25 feet in height. It has alternate, bipinnately compound leaves that ...

'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger—Schaffner's wattle, twisted acacia ** var. ''bravoensis'' (Isely) Seigler & Ebinger ** var. ''schaffneri'' (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia schottii'' (Torr.) Seigler & Ebinger—Schott's wattle * ''

Vachellia sekhukhuniensis ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia sensu lato, Acacia'' until 2009. ...

'' (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Sekhukhune thorn * ''

Vachellia seyal ''Vachellia seyal'', the red acacia, known also as the shittah tree (the source of shittim wood), is a thorny, 6– to 10-m-high (20 to 30 ft) tree with a pale greenish or reddish bark. At the base of the feathery leaves, two straight, light ...

'' (Delile) P.J.H. Hurter—white whistling thorn ** var. ''fistula'' (Schweinf.) P.J.H. Hurter ** var. ''seyal'' (Delile) P.J.H. Hurter * ''

Vachellia siamensis ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Craib) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger * ''

Vachellia sieberiana ''Vachellia sieberiana'', until recently known as ''Acacia sieberiana'' and commonly known as the paperbark thorn or paperbark acacia, is a tree native to southern Africa and introduced into Pakistan. It is used in many areas for various purposes ...

'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—paperbark acacia, paperbark thorn ** var. ''sieberiana'' (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''villosa'' (A.Chev.) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''woodii'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia sphaerocephala ''Vachellia sphaerocephala'', the bull's horn thorn or bee wattle, is a plant species in the family Fabaceae. The name comes from the shape of the thorns which do indeed resemble the horns of a bull. The tree has a strong, symbiotic relationship ...

'' (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger—roundhead acacia, bee wattle * '' Vachellia stuhlmannii'' (Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr.—olive-barked thorn, vlei acacia * '' Vachellia suberosa'' (A. Cunn. ex Benth.) Kodela—corkybark wattle * '' Vachellia sutherlandii'' (F. Muell.) Kodela—corkwood wattle * '' Vachellia swazica'' (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Swazi acacia * ''

Vachellia tenuispina ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.—turf acacia * '' Vachellia tephrophylla'' (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia theronii ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus ''Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' can ...

'' (P.P.Sw.) Boatwr.—slender mountain thorn * '' Vachellia tomentosa'' (Rottler) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger—klampis * '' Vachellia torrei'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—Mozambique sticky thorn * ''

Vachellia tortilis ''Vachellia tortilis'', widely known as ''Acacia tortilis'' but now attributed to the genus ''Vachellia'', is the umbrella thorn acacia, also known as ''umbrella thorn'' and Israeli babool, a medium to large canopied tree native to most of Afri ...

'' (Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi—umbrella thorn, umbrella acacia ** subsp. ''heteracantha'' (Burch.) Galasso & Banfi ** subsp. ''raddiana'' (Savi) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''pubescens'' (A.Chev.) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''raddiana'' (Savi) Galasso & Banfi ** subsp. ''spirocarpa'' (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''crinita'' (Chiov.) Galasso & Banfi *** var. ''spirocarpa'' (Hochst. ex. A.Rich.) Galasso & Banfi ** subsp. ''tortilis'' (Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi * '' Vachellia tortuosa'' (L.) Seigler & Ebinger—twisted acacia, acacia bush, casia, catclaw, Dutch casha, huisachillo, Rio Grande acacia, sweet briar, sweet-briar, wild poponax * '' Vachellia turnbulliana'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—velvet pod acacia * '' Vachellia valida'' (Tindale & Kodela) Kodela * ''

Vachellia vernicosa ''Vachellia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, commonly known as thorn trees or acacias. It belongs to the subfamily Mimosoideae. Its species were considered members of genus '' Acacia'' until 2009. ''Vachellia'' c ...

'' (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger—viscid acacia * '' Vachellia viguieri'' (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr. * '' Vachellia villaregalis'' (McVaugh) Seigler & Ebinger * '' Vachellia walwalensis'' (Gilliland) Kyal. & Boatwr. * ''

Vachellia xanthophloea ''Vachellia xanthophloea'' is a tree in the family Fabaceae, commonly known in English as the fever tree. This species of ''Vachellia'' is native to eastern and southern Africa (Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, Eswat ...

'' (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter—fever tree * '' Vachellia zanzibarica'' (S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr.—coastal whistling thorn ** var. ''microphylla'' (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. ** var. ''zanzibarica'' (S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr. * '' Vachellia zapatensis'' (Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger

''Incertae sedis''

These species are suspected to belong to ''Vachellia'', but have not been formally transferred. * '' Acacia callicoma''

Meisn. Carl Daniel Friedrich Meissner (1 November 1800 – 2 May 1874) was a Swiss botanist. Biography Born in Bern, Switzerland on 1 November 1800, he was christened Meisner but later changed the spelling of his name to Meissner. For most of his 40 ...

* '' Acacia harala'' Thulin & Gifri * '' Acacia hunteri'' Oliv. * ''

Acacia johnwoodii ''Acacia'', commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae. Initially, it comprised a group of plant species native to Africa and Australasia. The genus nam ...

'' Boulos * ''

Acacia planifrons The umbrella thorn, (''Acacia planifrons''), is a species of ''Acacia'' of the family Fabaceae. It is native to India and Sri Lanka Sri Lanka (, ; si, ශ්‍රී ලංකා, Śrī Laṅkā, translit-std=ISO (); ta, இலங� ...

'' Koenig ex Wight & Arn. * '' Acacia pseudo-eburnea'' J.R. Drumm. ex Dunn * '' Acacia tanjorensis'' Ragup., Thoth. & Mahad. * '' Acacia yemenensis'' Boulos

Hybrids

* ''Vachellia'' × ''cedilloi'' (Rico Arce) Seigler & Ebinger * ''Vachellia campechiana'' × ''pennatula'' * ''Vachellia erioloba'' × ''haematoxylon'' * ''Vachellia'' × ''gladiata'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger * ''Vachellia kirkii'' × ''seyal'' * ''Vachellia macracantha'' × ''pennatula'' * ''Vachellia seyal'' var. ''fistula'' × ''xanthophloea'' * ''Vachellia'' × ''standleyi'' (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q956173 Fabaceae genera