Oppo VOOC (Voltage Open Loop Multi-step Constant-Current Charging), also known as Warp Charge on
OnePlus devices and Dart Charge on
Realme
Realme (stylized as realme) is a Chinese consumer electronics manufacturer based in Shenzhen, Guangdong. It was founded by Li Bingzhong (known as Sky Li) on May 4, 2018, who was former vice president of Oppo. Started originally as a sub-brand o ...
devices, is a proprietary rapid-charge technology created by
BBK Electronics
BBK Electronics Corporation is a Chinese multinational conglomerate. The company specializes in developing consumer electronics products such as smartphones, tablet computers, smartwatches, smart TVs, Hi-Fi equipment, Blu-ray players, and d ...
. In contrast to
USB Power Delivery
The initial versions of the USB standard specified connectors that were easy to use and that would have acceptable life spans; revisions of the standard added smaller connectors useful for compact portable devices. Higher-speed development of t ...
and
Qualcomm Quick Charge
Quick Charge (QC) is a proprietary battery charging protocol developed by Qualcomm, used for managing power delivered over USB, mainly by communicating to the power supply and negotiating a voltage.
Quick Charge is supported by devices such as ...
technology, which increases the voltage during fast charging, VOOC uses a higher current than standard USB charging. The VOOC Flash Charge circuit technology reportedly lowers the temperature of the charging adapter, and creates an interface from the adapter to the phone, which, OPPO claims, improves the speed and safety of the charge.
VOOC 2.0 has been licensed to OnePlus as the Dash Charge technology.
A single-cell, 30-watt (5 V/6 A) version of VOOC 4.0 has also been licensed to OnePlus as Warp Charge.
OnePlus does not market its phones as VOOC-compatible despite the fact that VOOC 2.0 and Dash are compatible.
[
, VOOC has been licensed to 14 other corporations, most of which are in the phone charging and power strip industries. Oppo claims that more than 1000 ]patent
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of time in exchange for publishing an enabling disclosure of the invention."A ...
s around VOOC have been filed worldwide.
Versions
, VOOC / SuperVOOC comes in a few variations:
* VOOC 2.0 (2015), same as the first version that was introduced in 2014, which operates at 5 V/4 A.
* VOOC 3.0 (2019), a technology that claims to be 23.8% faster than VOOC and "based on a new technology". It appears to be a 5 V/5 A version of VOOC. which can charge the phone up to 55% in 30 minutes.
* SuperVOOC (2018), a successor of VOOC 2.0 with 10 V/5 A (50W). It charges a two-cell battery in series.
* VOOC 4.0 (2019 Sep), a successor of VOOC 3.0, which operates at 5 V/6 A (30W). Can charge the phone up to 67% in 30 minutes.
* SuperVOOC 2.0 (2020 Jul), operating at 20 V/6.25 A (125W) max. The phone uses three charge pump
A charge pump is a kind of DC-to-DC converter that uses capacitors for energetic charge storage to raise or lower voltage. Charge-pump circuits are capable of high efficiencies, sometimes as high as 90–95%, while being electrically simple c ...
in parallel to handle such powers. Also released was a lower-power 10 V/5 A (50W) GaN charger, focusing on small size instead.
* At MWC 2022, Oppo showed off two upcoming variants of VOOC, the first is 150W SuperVOOC (20V at 7.5A), which can charge a 4,500mAh battery to 50% in 5 minutes or 100% in 15 minutes. The other VOOC variant is "240W SUPERVOOC Flash Charge" (24V at 10A) that can fully charge a battery to 100% in 8 minutes 9 seconds or 50% in 3 minutes 24 seconds.
Devices
* VOOC 2.0 is supported by OPPO R6 through Oppo R15, by F1 (Find 1) Plus through Find X, Realme 3 Pro, Realme XT, Realme X, and Oppo N3
Oppo phones are smartphones produced by the partially state-owned Chinese company Oppo, running in several countries.
Oppo F Series
The Oppo F Series are MediaTek or Qualcomm powered selfie-centered devices in which OPPO used their tagline "S ...
.
** OnePlus devices since OnePlus 3 (3, 3T, 5, 5T, 6, 6T, 7) support Dash Charge, claiming to charge "a day's power in half an hour".
* VOOC 3.0 is supported by Oppo F11, Oppo Reno series, Realme 5 Pro, Oppo F-15 .[
* SuperVOOC is supported by the Oppo Find X, OPPO R17 Pro, Realme 7 Pro and Realme X2 Pro.][
* VOOC 4.0 is supported by Realme 6, Realme 7,Realme 8 and Realme X3 series.
** Warp Charge is supported by the OnePlus 6T McLaren, 7 Pro and 7T series][ and OnePlus 8 series.
* SuperVOOC 2.0 (2020) is supported by OPPO Find X2, OPPO Find X3, OPPO Reno 4 Pro, Realme 7 Pro, Realme 8 Pro, Reno 5, Reno 5 Pro]
Realme GT Master Edition
Realme GT 2 > 2 Pro
** New warp charge 65 is supported by Oneplus 8T, OnePlus 9 and OnePlus 9 Pro.
** 150W VOOC is supported by Realme GT NEO 3
All models reported include the "s" (or OnePlus "T"), "Plus", and "Pro" variants.
Oppo's mobile DAC, Oppo HA-2SE, also features VOOC charging.
Technology
All versions of VOOC require a proprietary cable to work. In addition to electrical requirements like thickness (low electrical resistance
The electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current. Its reciprocal quantity is , measuring the ease with which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance shares some conceptual paralle ...
) to handle the high currents without overheating, the VOOC 2.0/Dash protocol requires a fifth pin on the (USB-A to USB-C) cable to communicate through. Without such communication, the charger runs at a limit of 5 V/1.5 A. From VOOC 4.0 this limit elevated to 5V/2.0A. With the even higher power of SuperVOOC 2.0, the cable itself is authenticated with a cryptographic E-marker for safety.
On the Android phone end, the VOOC communication code is open source under GNU General Public License
The GNU General Public License (GNU GPL or simply GPL) is a series of widely used free software licenses that guarantee end users the four freedoms to run, study, share, and modify the software. The license was the first copyleft for general ...
(GNU GPL) version 2 as a part of the modified Linux kernel, and has been used by custom ROMs like Lineage OS. The firmware code for PIC16F microcontrollers on the "VOOC IC" is also defined in the code. Documentation provided by OnePlus mentions a BQ27541 battery gauge chip made by Texas Instruments
Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) is an American technology company headquartered in Dallas, Texas, that designs and manufactures semiconductors and various integrated circuits, which it sells to electronics designers and manufacturers globa ...
, with Dash-specific protocol extensions. The source code allows a list of parts used for the technology to be made: for example, the Find X uses a pic1508/stm8s chip on the adapter and a bq25882 two-cell charger chip on the phone. The BQ27541 gauge is exchanged for a BQ28Z610 gauge which can handle two-cell battery packs.[
]
Marketing
OnePlus has recognised the weakness of many other mobile phones with fast charging technology to significantly slow down the charging speed during operation of the device, using it as an opportunity to promote Dash Charge enabled devices, which do not throttle the input power during operation.[ OnePlus 3T charging speed comparison with Google Pixel XL during commute in car (uploaded January 26th 2017)]
Other charging technologies
* USB Power Delivery Specification, USB-PD
and PPS
* Qualcomm, Qualcomm's Quick Charge
Quick Charge (QC) is a proprietary battery charging protocol developed by Qualcomm, used for managing power delivered over USB, mainly by communicating to the power supply and negotiating a voltage.
Quick Charge is supported by devices such as ...
* Mediatek
MediaTek Inc. () is a Taiwanese fabless semiconductor company that provides chips for wireless communications, high-definition television, handheld mobile devices like smartphones and tablet computers, navigation systems, consumer multimedia ...
's Pump Express
* Huawei
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. ( ; ) is a Chinese multinational technology corporation headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. It designs, develops, produces and sells telecommunications equipment, consumer electronics and various smar ...
's SuperCharge
References
{{Reflist
Battery charging
Chinese inventions