The University of Orléans (french: Université d'Orléans) is a French university, in the Academy of Orléans and Tours. As of July 2015 it is a member of the regional university association Leonardo da Vinci consolidated University.
History
In 1230, when for a time the doctors of the
University of Paris
, image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg
, image_size = 150px
, caption = Coat of Arms
, latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis
, motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin)
, mottoeng = Here and a ...
were scattered, a number of the teachers and disciples took refuge in
Orléans
Orléans (;"Orleans" (US) and Boniface VIII
Pope Boniface VIII ( la, Bonifatius PP. VIII; born Benedetto Caetani, c. 1230 – 11 October 1303) was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 24 December 1294 to his death in 1303. The Caetani family was of baronial ...
, in 1298, promulgated the sixth book of the Decretals, he appointed the doctors of
Bologna
Bologna (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language, Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 1 ...
and the doctors of Orléans to comment upon it.
St. Yves (1253–1303) studied civil law at Orléans, and
Pope Clement V
Pope Clement V ( la, Clemens Quintus; c. 1264 – 20 April 1314), born Raymond Bertrand de Got (also occasionally spelled ''de Guoth'' and ''de Goth''), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 5 June 1305 to his de ...
also studied there law and letters; by a papal bull published at Lyon, 27 January 1306, he endowed the Orléans institutes with the title and privileges of a university.
Twelve later popes granted the new university many privileges. In the 14th century it had as many as five thousand students from France, Germany,
Lorraine
Lorraine , also , , ; Lorrain: ''Louréne''; Lorraine Franconian: ''Lottringe''; german: Lothringen ; lb, Loutrengen; nl, Lotharingen is a cultural and historical region in Northeastern France, now located in the administrative region of Gra ...
Champagne
Champagne (, ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, that demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, ...
Normandy
Normandy (; french: link=no, Normandie ; nrf, Normaundie, Nouormandie ; from Old French , plural of ''Normant'', originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in Northwestern ...
,
Touraine
Touraine (; ) is one of the traditional provinces of France. Its capital was Tours. During the political reorganization of French territory in 1790, Touraine was divided between the departments of Indre-et-Loire, :Loir-et-Cher, Indre and Vien ...
,
Guyenne
Guyenne or Guienne (, ; oc, Guiana ) was an old French province which corresponded roughly to the Roman province of '' Aquitania Secunda'' and the archdiocese of Bordeaux.
The name "Guyenne" comes from ''Aguyenne'', a popular transformation o ...
and Scotland.
The current university was founded in 1960, after its medieval predecessor was closed down in 1793 and merged into the
University of France
The University of France (french: Université de France; originally the ''Imperial University of France'') was a highly centralized educational state organization founded by Napoleon I in 1808 and given authority not only over the individual (previ ...
in 1808.
Organisation
The university is organised into three Teaching and Research divisions (UFR):
* Law, Economics and Management
* Literature, Languages and Human Sciences
* Science and Technology
In addition, it has:
* 4
University Institutes of Technology
The University Institutes of Technology or IUT (french: Instituts Universitaires de Technologie) are parts of the university system in France. The IUT were created in 1966. There are 108 IUTs which are attached to 80 universities including the on ...
* 1 Science of the Universe Observatory
* 1 National Higher Institute of Teaching and Education
* 1 School of Engineering
* 1 School of Kinesiology
Notable people
Faculty
Ancient
*
Robert Joseph Pothier
Robert Joseph Pothier (9 January 1699 – 2 March 1772) was a French jurist.
Life
He was born and passed away at Orléans. He studied law to qualify for the magistracy, and was appointed Judge in 1720 of the Presidial Court of Orléans, followin ...
(1699–1722), lawyer.
* Daniel Jousse (1704–1781), lawyer.
Morinobu Endo
Morinobu Endo (遠藤 守信 ''Endō Morinobu'', born September 28, 1946) is a Japanese physicist and chemist, often cited as one of the pioneers of carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes synthesis at the beginning of the 1970s. He demonstrated c ...
(born 1946) - Japanese physicist and chemist
* Christian Renoux (born 1960) - historian and an activist for nonviolence
*
Nikolay Nenovsky
Nikolay Nenovsky (born 26 July 1963) is a Bulgarian economist, working in the fields of monetary theory and policy, monetary history and history of economic thought. He is Professor of economics at the University of Picardie Jules Verne, LEFM ...
(born 1963) - Bulgarian economist, working in the fields of monetary theory and policy
* Emmanuel Trélat (born 1974) - mathematician
Alumni
Ancient
*
Emo of Friesland
Emo of Friesland (c. 1175–1237) was a Frisian scholar and abbot who probably came from the region of Groningen, and the earliest foreign student studying at Oxford University whose name has survived. He wrote a Latin chronicle, later expanded ...
Eustache Deschamps
Eustache Deschamps (13461406 or 1407) was a French poet, byname Morel, in French "Nightshade".
Life and career
Deschamps was born in Vertus. He received lessons in versification from Guillaume de Machaut and later studied law at Orleans Univers ...
Bishop of Aberdeen
The Bishop of Aberdeen (originally Bishop of Mortlach, in Latin Murthlacum) was the ecclesiastical head of the Diocese of Aberdeen, one of Scotland's 13 medieval bishoprics, whose first recorded bishop is an early 12th-century cleric named Nec ...
*
Oliver King
Oliver King (29 August 1503) was a Bishop of Exeter and Bishop of Bath and Wells who restored Bath Abbey after 1500.
Early life
King was educated at Eton, where he was a king's scholar, and King's College, Cambridge, where he graduated Ma ...
Bishop of Bath and Wells
The Bishop of Bath and Wells heads the Church of England Diocese of Bath and Wells in the Province of Canterbury in England.
The present diocese covers the overwhelmingly greater part of the (ceremonial) county of Somerset and a small area of D ...
Archbishop of Bourges
In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdioc ...
* John Calvin (1509–1564), influential French theologian, pastor and reformer during the
Protestant Reformation
The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and ...
*
Anne du Bourg
Anne du Bourg (1521, Riom – 23 December 1559, Paris) was a French magistrate, nephew of the chancellor Antoine du Bourg, and a Protestant martyr.
Early life
Educated at the university of Orléans, he became a professor and had Étienne de ...
William Whittingham
William Whittingham (c. 1524–1579) was an English Puritan, a Marian exile, and a translator of the Geneva Bible. He was well connected to the circles around John Knox, Bullinger, and Calvin, and firmly resisted the continuance of the English li ...
(c. 1524–1579) - English
Puritan
The Puritans were English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who sought to purify the Church of England of Roman Catholic practices, maintaining that the Church of England had not been fully reformed and should become more Protestant. ...
, translator of the Geneva Bible
* Claude Fauchet (1530 – 1602) - historian, antiquary, and pioneering romance philologist
* Anselmus de Boodt (Bruges, 1550 - 1632) - humanist, mineralogist, physician and naturalist
*
François de Joyeuse
François de Joyeuse (24 June 1562 – 23 August 1615) was a French churchman and politician.
Biography
Born at Carcassonne, François de Joyeuse was the second son of Guillaume de Joyeuse and Marie Eléanor de Batarnay. As the younger son of a ...
(1562 – 1615) - churchman and politician
*
Jørgen Bjelke
Jørgen Bjelke (2 June 1621 – 17 June 1696) was a Norwegian officer and nobleman. He was born at Elingaard Manor on Onsøy near Fredrikstad, in Østfold County, Norway and died in Kalundborg, Denmark.
Early and personal life
He was the son of ...
(1621 – 1696) - Norwegian officer and nobleman
*
Molière
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin (, ; 15 January 1622 (baptised) – 17 February 1673), known by his stage name Molière (, , ), was a French playwright, actor, and poet, widely regarded as one of the greatest writers in the French language and worl ...
(1622–1673), French playwright and actor, considered to be one of the greatest masters of comedy in Western literature
*
Pierre de Fermat
Pierre de Fermat (; between 31 October and 6 December 1607 – 12 January 1665) was a French mathematician who is given credit for early developments that led to infinitesimal calculus, including his technique of adequality. In particular, he ...
(c. 1601 – 1665), best known for his
Fermat's principle
Fermat's principle, also known as the principle of least time, is the link between ray optics and wave optics. In its original "strong" form, Fermat's principle states that the path taken by a ray between two given points is the pat ...
for light propagation and his
Fermat's Last Theorem
In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem (sometimes called Fermat's conjecture, especially in older texts) states that no three positive integers , , and satisfy the equation for any integer value of greater than 2. The cases and have been ...
in
number theory
Number theory (or arithmetic or higher arithmetic in older usage) is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and integer-valued functions. German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) said, "Mat ...
* St
Ivo of Kermartin
Ivo of Kermartin, T.O.S.F. (17 October 1253 – 19 May 1303), also known Yvo, Yves, or Ives (and in Breton as Erwan, Iwan, Youenn or Eozenn, depending on the region, and known as Yves Hélory (also ''Helori'' or ''Heloury'') in French), was a p ...
Johannes Reuchlin
Johann Reuchlin (; sometimes called Johannes; 29 January 1455 – 30 June 1522) was a German Catholic humanist and a scholar of Greek and Hebrew, whose work also took him to modern-day Austria, Switzerland, and Italy and France. Most of Reuchlin ...
(1455–1522)
*
Guillaume Budé
Guillaume Budé (; Latinized as Guilielmus Budaeus; 1468 – 1540) was a French scholar and humanist. He was involved in the founding of Collegium Trilingue, which later became the Collège de France.
Budé was also the first keeper of the ...
(1468–1540) - scholar and humanist
* Francis Bothwell, Procurator of the Scottish Nation at Orléans during 1513–1514, later a member of the
Parliament of Scotland
The Parliament of Scotland ( sco, Pairlament o Scotland; gd, Pàrlamaid na h-Alba) was the legislature of the Kingdom of Scotland from the 13th century until 1707. The parliament evolved during the early 13th century from the king's council o ...
and a judge
*
Étienne de La Boétie
Étienne or Estienne de La Boétie (; oc, Esteve de La Boetiá; 1 November 1530 – 18 August 1563) was a French magistrate, classicist, writer, poet and political theorist, best remembered for his intense and intimate friendship with essayist ...
(1530–1563) - writer, poet, political theorist
* Thomas Brooke alias Cobham (1533–1578) - English nobleman, privateer, conspirator
*
Agrippa d'Aubigné
Théodore-Agrippa d'Aubigné (, 8 February 155229 April 1630) was a French poet, soldier, propagandist and chronicler. His epic poem ''Les Tragiques'' (1616) is widely regarded as his masterpiece. In a book about his Catholic contemporary Jean de ...
Johann Christoph Wagenseil
Johann Christoph Wagenseil (26 November 1633 - 9 October 1705) was a German historian, Orientalist, jurist and Christian Hebraist.
Life and career
Wagenseil was born in Nuremberg on 26 November 1633. As a youth he was educated at Stockholm, Gr ...
(1633 - 1705) - German historian, Orientalist, jurist and Christian Hebraist
*
Conrad von Reventlow
Conrad, Count von Reventlow (21 April 1644 – 21 July 1708) was a Danish statesman who was "Grand Chancellor of Denmark" ( da, Danmarks storkansler), a predecessor title of the Prime Minister of Denmark, from 1699 until his death. His chancello ...
(1644 – 1708) - Grand Chancellor of Denmark
*
Jean de La Bruyère
Jean de La Bruyère (, , ; 16 August 1645 – 11 May 1696) was a French philosopher and moralist, who was noted for his satire.
Early years
Jean de La Bruyère was born in Paris, in today's Essonne ''département'', in 1645. His family was mi ...
(1645–1696) - philosopher
*
Jacques Pierre Brissot
Jacques Pierre Brissot (, 15 January 1754 – 31 October 1793), who assumed the name of de Warville (an English version of "d'Ouarville", a hamlet in the village of Lèves where his father owned property), was a leading member of the Girondins du ...
Jacques Paul Migne
Jacques Paul Migne (; 25 October 1800 – 24 October 1875) was a French priest who published inexpensive and widely distributed editions of theological works, encyclopedias, and the texts of the Church Fathers, with the goal of providing a ...
(1800 – 1875) - theologian
*
Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin
Jean-Eugène Robert-Houdin (7 December 1805 – 13 June 1871) was a French watchmaker, magician and illusionist, widely recognized as the father of the modern style of conjuring. He transformed magic from a pastime for the lower classes, seen a ...
Michel Jébrak
Michel Jébrak is a Franco-Canadian geologist, academic and a researcher. He is an emeritus professor at University of Quebec’s Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. He is a former Vice-Rector for Research and Creation at UQAM and holde ...
(born c.1948) - geologist
*
Ibni Oumar Mahamat Saleh Ibni Oumar Mahamat Saleh (December 31, 1949 – disappeared February 2008) is a Chadian politician and opposition leader who headed the Party for Liberties and Development (PLD).
Early life and education
Saleh was born in Biltine, Chad. He is from ...
(1949 – disappeared 2008) politician and opposition leader Chad
*
Thomas Boni Yayi
Thomas Boni Yayi (born 1 July 1951) is a Beninese banker and politician who was President of Benin from 2006 to 2016. He took office after winning the March 2006 presidential election and was re-elected to a second term in March 2011. He also s ...
(born 1951) - banker and politician, President of
Benin
Benin ( , ; french: Bénin , ff, Benen), officially the Republic of Benin (french: République du Bénin), and formerly Dahomey, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east, Burkina Faso to the nort ...
Amilly, Loiret
Amilly ( or ) is a commune and town in the Loiret department in north-central France.
Population
Sights
* Church of St. Martin (16th century)
* Castles of Varenne (16th century) and of the Bourgoins (18th century)
* Bardin Watermill
* Museum ...
) educationalist, politician SP
* Norbert-Bertrand Barbe - art historian, semiologist, artist and writer
* Hussein Hajj Hassan (born 1960) - politician and minister of industry
Lebanon
Lebanon ( , ar, لُبْنَان, translit=lubnān, ), officially the Republic of Lebanon () or the Lebanese Republic, is a country in Western Asia. It is located between Syria to Lebanon–Syria border, the north and east and Israel to Blue ...
* Olivier Carré (born 1961) - independent politician; mayor of the city of
Orléans
Orléans (;"Orleans" (US) and Patrick Grant (born 1972) - Scottish fashion designer and businessman
*
Jeannette Bougrab
Jeannette Bougrab (born 26 August 1973) is a French lawyer and politician of the UMP who served as the junior minister for Youth and Community Life in the government of Prime Minister François Fillon from 2010 to 2012.'Bougrab incarnera la diver ...
(born 1973, in
Déols
Déols () is a commune in the department of Indre, region of Centre-Val de Loire, central France.
Déols is an ancient town with a famous Benedictine abbey, Abbaye Notre-Dame-du-Bourg-Dieu. Today it is somewhat overshadowed by the nearby city ...
* Isaac Ehrlich (born 1938, in Israel) - economist
*
Horst Möller
Horst Möller (born 12 January 1943 in Breslau) is a German contemporary historian. He is Professor of Modern History at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU) and, from 1992 to 2011, Director of the Institut für Zeitgeschichte.
Edu ...
(born 1943, in Breslau) - German contemporary historian
* Józef Dulak (born 1962 in Nowy Sącz) - Polish scientist and professor of biological sciences
See also
*
List of medieval universities
The list of medieval universities comprises universities (more precisely, '' studia generalia'') which existed in Europe during the Middle Ages.Rüegg 1992, pp. XIX–XX It also includes short-lived foundations and European educational ins ...
*
List of public universities in France by academy
In France, various types of institution have the term "University" in their name. These include the public universities, which are the autonomous institutions that are distinguished as being state institutes of higher education and research that p ...