The UR-100 (russian: УР-100) was an

intercontinental ballistic missile An intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) is a ballistic missile with a range greater than , primarily designed for nuclear weapons delivery (delivering one or more thermonuclear warheads). Conventional, chemical, and biological weapo ...

(ICBM) developed and deployed by the

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...

from 1966 to 1996. UR () in its designation stood for Universal Rocket (russian: links=no, Универсальная Ракета). It was known during the

Cold War The Cold War is a term commonly used to refer to a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc. The term '' cold war'' is used because t ...

by the

NATO reporting name NATO reporting names are code names for military equipment from Russia, China, and historically, the Eastern Bloc (Soviet Union and other nations of the Warsaw Pact). They provide unambiguous and easily understood English words in a uniform man ...

SS-11 Sego and internally by the

GRAU The Main Missile and Artillery Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (), commonly referred to by its transliterated Russian acronym GRAU (), is a department of the Russian Ministry of Defense. It is subordinate to the ...

index 8K84. The Strela and

Rokot Rokot (russian: Рокот meaning ''Rumble'' or ''Boom''), also transliterated Rockot, was a Russian space launch vehicle that was capable of launching a payload of into a Earth orbit with 63° inclination. It was based on the UR-100N (SS- ...

carrier rockets are based on it. The similar designation ''UR-100MR'' (russian: links=no, УР-100МР) actually refers to an entirely different missile, the MR-UR-100 Sotka (SS-17 Spanker).

Description

The UR-100 was a two-stage liquid-propellant lightweight ICBM. Initial versions carried a single warhead of 0.5 to 1.1 Mt yield, while later versions could carry three or six

MIRV A multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) is an exoatmospheric ballistic missile payload containing several warheads, each capable of being aimed to hit a different target. The concept is almost invariably associated with i ...

warheads. The missile was silo-launched. 15P784 silo design (by KBOM, ''Design Bureau of Common Machinery'', of V.P.Barmin) was greatly simplified in comparison to earlier missiles. Facilities consisted of hardened, un-manned silos controlled by a single central command post. This was the first soviet ICBM (8K84M, entered service on 3 October 1971) equipped with missile defense countermeasure "Palma" by NII-108 of V.Gerasimenko.

Variants and developments

* UR-100 with 8K84 missile — original development * UR-100 with 8K84M missile — improved variant *

UR-100N The UR-100N, also known as RS-18A is an intercontinental ballistic missile in service with Soviet and Russian Strategic Missile Troops. The missile was given the NATO reporting name SS-19 Stiletto and carries the industry designation 15A30. Deve ...

with 15A30 missile — enlarged UR-100. This variant is the basis of the

space launch system. * UR-100N UTTH with 15A35 missile — improved UR-100N (The "UTTH" (or "UTTKh") abbreviated suffix is often used in missile names. This means literally "improved tactical and technical characteristics", Russian: УТТХ = улучшенные тактико-технические характеристики) * UR-100MR 15P015 with 15A15 missile — a different missile to replace the original UR-100 SS-11 ballistic missile in container on trailer

SS-11 ballistic missile in container on trailer

Operational history

; : The UR-100 reached initial operational capability with the

Strategic Rocket Forces The Strategic Rocket Forces of the Russian Federation or the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Federation (RVSN RF; russian: Ракетные войска стратегического назначения Российской Фед� ...

in 1966, and by 1972, 990 launchers had been deployed. An additional 420 launchers of newer version missiles were added by 1976. The missile was deployed as a counterpart to the United States'

LGM-30 Minuteman The LGM-30 Minuteman is an American land-based intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) in service with the Air Force Global Strike Command. , the LGM-30G Minuteman III version is the only land-based ICBM in service in the United States and ...

, and relied on numbers for effectiveness. Original versions were phased out during the 1970s, but 326 of the newer missiles (8K84M, UR-100N, UR-100NUTTH) remained in service by 1991. These were phased out completely by 1996.

was the only operator of the UR-100. Formations included: * 4th Rocket Division (Drovyanaya, Chita Oblast) ( 53rd Rocket Army)

As a space launcher

The Strela and

carrier rockets are based on the UR-100.

External links

8K84
Cold War intercontinental ballistic missiles of the Soviet Union Universal Rocket (rocket family) Intercontinental ballistic missiles of the Soviet Union NPO Mashinostroyeniya products Military equipment introduced in the 1960s {{Russia-mil-stub

Description

Variants and developments

Operational history

As a space launcher

See also

External links