Uzon (russian: Узон) is a 9 by 12 km volcanic
caldera
A caldera ( ) is a large cauldron-like hollow that forms shortly after the emptying of a magma chamber in a volcano eruption. When large volumes of magma are erupted over a short time, structural support for the rock above the magma chamber is ...
located in the eastern part of
Kamchatka Peninsula
The Kamchatka Peninsula (russian: полуостров Камчатка, Poluostrov Kamchatka, ) is a peninsula in the Russian Far East, with an area of about . The Pacific Ocean and the Sea of Okhotsk make up the peninsula's eastern and we ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
. Together with the Geyzernaya caldera it hosts the largest
geothermal field in the Kamchatka Peninsula. The calderas were formed in the mid-
Pleistocene
The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was fina ...
in several large eruptions that deposited 20–25 km
3 of
ignimbrite over a wide area. Lake Dalny fills a Holocene
maar
A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption (an explosion which occurs when groundwater comes into contact with hot lava or magma). A maar characteristically fills with water to form a relatively shallow ...
in the northeast of Uzon Caldera.
The Uzon Caldera is a location of the occurrence of
extremophile
An extremophile (from Latin ' meaning "extreme" and Greek ' () meaning "love") is an organism that is able to live (or in some cases thrive) in extreme environments, i.e. environments that make survival challenging such as due to extreme temper ...
micro-organisms due to its high localized temperatures.(C.Michael Hogan. 2010)
See also
*
List of volcanoes in Russia
References
* C.Michael Hogan. 2010
''Extremophile'' eds. E.Monosson and C.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington DC
*
Volcanoes of the Kamchatka Peninsula
Calderas of Russia
Diatremes of Russia
Volcanic crater lakes
Holocene calderas
Pleistocene calderas
Holocene Asia
Pleistocene Asia
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