The University of Liverpool School of Medicine is a

medical school A medical school is a tertiary educational institution, or part of such an institution, that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians. Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, M ...

located in

Liverpool Liverpool is a city and metropolitan borough in Merseyside, England. With a population of in 2019, it is the 10th largest English district by population and its metropolitan area is the fifth largest in the United Kingdom, with a popul ...

, United Kingdom and a part of the

University of Liverpool , mottoeng = These days of peace foster learning , established = 1881 – University College Liverpool1884 – affiliated to the federal Victoria Universityhttp://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2004/4 University of Manchester Act 200 ...

. It is one of the largest medical schools in the UK, and in 1903 became one of the first to be incorporated into a university. The school used to have a

problem-based learning Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject through the experience of solving an open-ended problem found in trigger material. The PBL process does not focus on problem solving with a define ...

curriculum, which was replaced in 2014 with a new 'integrated' curriculum for its flagship five-year

MBChB Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery ( la, Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae; abbreviated most commonly MBBS), is the primary medical degree awarded by medical schools in countries that follow the tradition of the United Kin ...

course, which has an annual intake of 280 students. Around 1400 medical undergraduates and 600 taught postgraduates study at the school at any one time. The school also offers an MD programme and courses for continuing professional development.

History

A medical school in Liverpool was established in 1834. Dr Richard Formby, who ran a course of lectures in anatomy and physiology since 1818, joined with a group of colleagues to form a school of medicine attached to the

Liverpool Royal Institution The Liverpool Royal Institution was a learned society set up in 1814 for "the Promotion of Literature, Science and the Arts". William Corrie, William Rathbone IV, Thomas Stewart Traill and William Roscoe were among the founders. It was sometime ...

, which occupied rooms in Colquitt Street. William Gill (surgeon), who had set up a second Anatomy School in Liverpool in 1827, accepted a joint Lectureship in Anatomy with Dr Formby, who also lectured in Medicine. Other doctors from the Infirmary and Dispensary lectured on

Surgery Surgery ''cheirourgikē'' (composed of χείρ, "hand", and ἔργον, "work"), via la, chirurgiae, meaning "hand work". is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a person to investigate or treat a pat ...

Chemistry Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions ...

Midwifery Midwifery is the health science and health profession that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (including care of the newborn), in addition to the sexual and reproductive health of women throughout their lives. In many cou ...

and

Medical jurisprudence Medical jurisprudence or legal medicine is the branch of science and medicine involving the study and application of scientific and medical knowledge to legal problems, such as inquests, and in the field of law. As modern medicine is a legal ...

. In 1844, the medical school became attached to the Liverpool Infirmary, which was renamed in 1851 to become the Liverpool Royal Infirmary School of Medicine. In November 1877, a joint meeting was held between the Liverpool Association for the Promotion of Higher Education and the Council of the School of Medicine to look to establishing a University in Liverpool. Several staff members of the medical school were mentioned at the meeting including Dr

Richard Caton Richard Caton (1842, Bradford – 1926), of Liverpool, England, was a British physician, physiologist and Lord Mayor of Liverpool who was crucial in discovering the electrical nature of the brain and laid the groundwork for Hans Berger to disco ...

William Mitchell Banks Sir William Mitchell Banks (1 November 1842 – 9 August 1904) was a Scottish surgeon. He was an early advocate of what is now called the modified radical mastectomy. Life Banks was born in Edinburgh, the son of Ann Williamson and Peter Spald ...

and

Reginald Harrison Reginald Harrison FRCS (24 August 1837 – 28 February 1908) was a British surgeon, sometime vice-president and Member of the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons and Consulting Surgeon to St Peter's Hospital. Life Harrison was educated at ...

. That same year,

Experimental physics Experimental physics is the category of disciplines and sub-disciplines in the field of physics that are concerned with the observation of physical phenomena and experiments. Methods vary from discipline to discipline, from simple experiments and ...

was included in the syllabus for

University of London The University of London (UoL; abbreviated as Lond or more rarely Londin in post-nominals) is a federal public research university located in London, England, United Kingdom. The university was established by royal charter in 1836 as a degree ...

medical degrees, which Liverpool could not provide. Thus,

University College Liverpool , mottoeng = These days of peace foster learning , established = 1881 – University College Liverpool1884 – affiliated to the federal Victoria Universityhttp://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukla/2004/4 University of Manchester Act 200 ...

was eventually established in 1881. The Royal Infirmary School of Medicine initially kept its independence, but in 1884 became the

Faculty of Medicine A medical school is a tertiary educational institution, or part of such an institution, that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians. Such medical degrees include the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS, M ...

when University College was affiliated to Victoria University, along with

Owen's College The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. Afte ...

, Manchester and

Yorkshire College , mottoeng = And knowledge will be increased , established = 1831 – Leeds School of Medicine1874 – Yorkshire College of Science1884 - Yorkshire College1887 – affiliated to the federal Victoria University1904 – University of Leeds , ...

, Leeds. Victoria University had the power to award medical degrees with its own syllabus requirements. The

received its

royal charter A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, bu ...

in 1903, establishing its independence and leading the way for many provincial medical schools. This also made it possible for degrees to be awarded to women. The associated

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) is a higher education institution with degree awarding powers and registered charity located in Liverpool, United Kingdom. Established in 1898, it was the first institution in the world dedicated ...

was the first school of Tropical Medicine in the world. In 2011 following an internal restructure of the University, the Faculty of Medicine was demoted back to School status under the stewardship of the new Faculty of Health and Life Sciences.

Facilities

The school's facilities have recently undergone a massive refurbishment and redevelopment. The refurbished

Liverpool Royal Infirmary The Liverpool Royal Infirmary was a hospital in Pembroke Place in Liverpool, England. The building is now used by the University of Liverpool. History The infirmary has its origins in a small building on Shaw's Brow which was opened by the 11th ...

Waterhouse buildings house the Clinical Skills Resource Centre for clinical teaching, and a centre for the development of personalised medicine. The school also makes use of a Human Anatomy Resource Centre for anatomy teaching. The School of Medicine is based in the 19th century Cedar House building on Ashton Street. Cedar House includes teaching rooms, administrative offices for the senior management, and a medical student common room.

Teaching hospitals

The medical school has close links with the region's NHS organisations, which are actively involved in designing its courses and in hosting students for the practical aspects of training. Hospitals include:

Royal Liverpool University Hospital The Royal Liverpool University Hospital (RLUH) is a major teaching and research hospital located in the city of Liverpool, England. It is the largest and busiest hospital in Merseyside and Cheshire, and has the largest emergency department of i ...

Broadgreen Hospital Broadgreen Hospital is a teaching hospital in the eastern suburb of Broadgreen in the city of Liverpool, England. The hospital, alongside the Royal Liverpool University Hospital and Liverpool University Dental Hospital in the city centre is mana ...

Whiston Hospital Whiston Hospital is an acute general hospital in Whiston, Merseyside, though its postal address places it in adjacent Prescot. The hospital, along with St Helens Hospital, is managed by the St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust. Hi ...

Aintree University Hospital Aintree University Hospital (colloquially known as Fazakerley Hospital) is a National Health Service hospital in Fazakerley, Liverpool. It is managed by the Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. History In 1898 Liverpool Corporat ...

, The Walton Centre for Neurology and Neurosurgery,

Arrowe Park Hospital Arrowe Park Hospital is a large, acute hospital, located on a 15-acre (6.1 ha) section of Arrowe Park, close to the village of Upton, Wirral, Merseyside. It is one of three hospitals managed by Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation ...

Liverpool Women's Hospital Liverpool Women's Hospital is a major obstetrics, gynaecology and neonatology research hospital in Liverpool, England. It is one of several specialist hospitals located within the Liverpool City Region, alongside Alder Hey Children's Hospital, ...

Countess of Chester Hospital The Countess of Chester is the main NHS hospital for Chester and its surrounding area. It currently has 625 beds, general medical departments and a 24-hour accident and emergency unit. It is managed by the Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Founda ...

, Warrington Hospital and

Alder Hey Children's Hospital Alder Hey Children's Hospital is a children's hospital and NHS foundation trust in West Derby, Liverpool, England. It is one of the largest children's hospitals in the United Kingdom, and one of several specialist hospitals within the Liverpool ...

. The medical school also has close links with the

Courses

The School provides

undergraduate Undergraduate education is education conducted after secondary education and before postgraduate education. It typically includes all postsecondary programs up to the level of a bachelor's degree. For example, in the United States, an entry-lev ...

and

postgraduate Postgraduate or graduate education refers to academic or professional degrees, certificates, diplomas, or other qualifications pursued by post-secondary students who have earned an undergraduate ( bachelor's) degree. The organization and stru ...

courses in medicine. In 2011 there were around 1,400 undergraduate students enrolled on the

course and 600 taught postgraduates For the five-year A100 course, the current conditional offer given to a student taking

A-Level The A-Level (Advanced Level) is a subject-based qualification conferred as part of the General Certificate of Education, as well as a school leaving qualification offered by the educational bodies in the United Kingdom and the educational aut ...

examinations is AAA, to include Biology and Chemistry at A-Level. Candidates are required to sit the UCAT examination. The style of interviews is MMI (Multiple Mini Interviews). As with all UK Medical Students, successful applicants must be immunised against

Hepatitis B Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the ''Hepatitis B virus'' (HBV) that affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. It can cause both acute and chronic infection. Many people have no symptoms during an initial infection. Fo ...

Diphtheria Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium '' Corynebacterium diphtheriae''. Most infections are asymptomatic or have a mild clinical course, but in some outbreaks more than 10% of those diagnosed with the disease may die. Signs and s ...

Polio Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. Approximately 70% of cases are asymptomatic; mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe s ...

Rubella Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is an infection caused by the rubella virus. This disease is often mild, with half of people not realizing that they are infected. A rash may start around two weeks after exposure and ...

Tetanus Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is a bacterial infection caused by ''Clostridium tetani'', and is characterized by muscle spasms. In the most common type, the spasms begin in the jaw and then progress to the rest of the body. Each spasm usually ...

, Varicella and

Tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, in ...

Notable staff members

* Dr Richard Formby, founder of Liverpool Medical School * William Gill (surgeon), one of the first anatomy teachers at Liverpool Medical School * Dr

, physician, prominent physiologist, inaugural president of

Liverpool Royal Infirmary School of Medicine Debating Society The Liverpool Medical Students Society (LMSS) is the official Medsoc of the School of Medicine at the University of Liverpool. The mission of the society is to represent and care for the students of the School of Medicine of the University of Li ...

, president of

Liverpool Medical Institution The Liverpool Medical Institution is a historic medical organisation based in Liverpool, United Kingdom. Its building on the corner of Mount Pleasant and Hope Street was opened in 1837, but the site has been used as a medical library since 1779. ...

, surgeon and first Chair of Anatomy, president of

(1890) * William Thelwall Thomas, surgeon, president of

(1918) * Sir

Charles Scott Sherrington Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (27 November 1857 – 4 March 1952) was an eminent English neurophysiologist. His experimental research established many aspects of contemporary neuroscience, including the concept of the spinal reflex as a system ...

, prominent physiologist, the discoverer of the

synapse In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell. Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous impulses from ...

, president of

Notable alumni

Alumni include: * Lord

Henry Cohen Henry Cohen may refer to: * Henry Cohen (numismatist) (1806–1880), French numismatist, bibliographer and composer *Henry Cohen (rabbi) (1863–1952), Jewish Texan rabbi in Galveston, Texas, 1888–1952 *Henry Cohen (politician) (1872–1942), Aus ...

(21 February 1900 – 7 August 1977), a prominent lecturer at the medical school and taught there for over five decades * Linda de Cossart, graduated 1972,

vascular surgeon Vascular surgery is a surgical subspecialty in which diseases of the vascular system, or arteries, veins and lymphatic circulation, are managed by medical therapy, minimally-invasive catheter procedures and surgical reconstruction. The specialty ...

* Andrew Cudworth, graduated 1963, endocrinologist *

Thomas Cecil Gray Thomas Cecil Gray Order of the British Empire, CBE Order of St. Gregory the Great, KCSG (11 March 1913 – 5 January 2008) was a pioneering English anaesthetist. Early life Gray was born in Liverpool in 1913. The only son of Thomas and Ethel Gray ...

, pioneer in anaesthetics, medical historian, President of the

* J.M. Leggate, graduated 1929, President of Guild of Students, Dean of Faculty of Medicine (1953 - 1969), lecture theatre in the Victoria Building is named after him *

Maurice Henry Pappworth Maurice Henry Pappworth (9 January 1910 – 12 October 1994) was a pioneering British medical ethicist and tutor, best known for his 1967 book ''Human Guinea Pigs'', which exposed the unethical dimensions of medical research. Born and educated in ...

- graduated1932 Medical ethicist and educator * Averil Mansfield, graduated 1960, vascular surgeon * Mary Sheridan, graduated 1922, paediatrician

References

External links

School websiteLiverpool Medical Student's SocietyLiverpool School of Tropical Medicine
{{Authority control

Medical Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practic ...