The United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation ( ms, Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Kadazan Bersatu; abbrev: UPKO) was a

Kadazan-Dusun Kadazan-Dusun (also written as Kadazandusun or Mamasok Kadazan-Dusun) also less-known as "Mamasok Sabah" are two indigenous peoples of Sabah, Malaysia—the ethnic groups Kadazan and Dusun. The Kadazandusun is the largest native group of Bumip ...

Murut Murut may refer to: * Murut people The Murut are an indigenous ethnic group, comprising 29 sub-ethnic groups inhabiting the northern inland regions of Borneo. The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian lan ...

(KDM) based political party in

North Borneo North Borneo (usually known as British North Borneo, also known as the State of North Borneo) was a British Protectorate, British protectorate in the northern part of the island of Borneo, which is present day Sabah. The territory of North Borneo ...

and later

Sabah Sabah () is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia located in northern Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia. Sabah borders the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the southwest and the North Kalimantan province of Indone ...

at the time it became a state of

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

in the 1960s.

History

Formation of United National Kadazan Organisation (1961)

The party was initially started as the

United National Kadazan Organisation The United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation ( ms, Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Kadazan Bersatu; abbrev: UPKO) was a Kadazan-Dusun-Murut (KDM) based political party in North Borneo and later Sabah at the time it became a state of Malaysia in the 1960s. ...

(UNKO) which was founded by

Donald Stephens Donald E. Stephens (March 13, 1928 – April 18, 2007) was the first village president (mayor) of Rosemont, Illinois, US. He was also a leading Illinois Republican politician. Stephens, born in Chicago, is believed to have been the longest-se ...

in 1961, with its core constituency of indigenous Sabahans. UNKO modeled after

United Malays National Organisation The United Malays National Organisation (Malay: ; Jawi: ; abbreviated UMNO () or less commonly PEKEMBAR), is a nationalist right-wing political party in Malaysia. As the oldest continuous national political party within Malaysia (since its in ...

(UMNO) in Malaya; was the first indigenous party in Sabah formed to represent the interests of the

Kadazandusun Kadazan-Dusun (also written as Kadazandusun or Mamasok Kadazan-Dusun) also less-known as "Mamasok Sabah" are two indigenous peoples of Sabah, Malaysia—the ethnic groups Kadazan and Dusun. The Kadazandusun is the largest native group of Bumip ...

community in Sabah. At the time of its founding it had approximately 20,000 members.

Breakaway of United Pasok Momogun Organisation (1962)

The new party UNKO has members which does not support the "Malaysia project" and disagrees with Donald Stephens, hence they split to form a new group led by G. S. Sundang going on to form the United Pasok Momogun Organisation (UPMO) in January 1962.

Reunification and formation of United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (1963-1964)

Upon the formation of Malaysia in 1963, UNKO entered into a

Sabah Alliance Sabah () is a state of Malaysia located in northern Borneo, in the region of East Malaysia. Sabah borders the Malaysian state of Sarawak to the southwest and the North Kalimantan province of Indonesia to the south. The Federal Territory of L ...

coalition with the

United Sabah National Organisation The United Sabah National Organisation ( ms, Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Sabah Bersatu; abbrev: USNO) was a political party in North Borneo and later Sabah, Malaysia. The widely known Sabah's Muslim indigenous especially Suluk-Bajau ethnic based pa ...

(USNO), a Muslim party, and the

Sabah Chinese Association The Sabah Chinese Association ( ms, Persatuan Cina Sabah, SCA) was a Chinese political party in the North Borneo and the Sabah state of Malaysia. History The party was established in October 1962 as Borneo Utara National Party, a merger of the ...

(SCA) to form a

consociationalism Consociationalism ( ) is a form of democratic power sharing. Political scientists define a consociational state as one which has major internal divisions along ethnic, religious, or linguistic lines, but which remains stable due to consultation a ...

new

Government of Sabah The Sabah State Government is an authority governing Sabah, one of Borneo states of Malaysia, based in Kota Kinabalu, the state capital. The state government adheres to and is created by both the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, the supreme law ...

; with its president Stephens became the state's first

Chief Minister A chief minister is an elected or appointed head of government of – in most instances – a sub-national entity, for instance an administrative subdivision or federal constituent entity. Examples include a state (and sometimes a union terri ...

. In May 1964, the breakaway UPMO party, eventually reunited with its parent party. The merger saw UNKO renamed itself as the United Pasokmomogun Kadazan Organisation (UPKO) in June 1964.

Dissolution and merger into United Sabah National Organisation (1967)

After Stephens was forced out of the chief ministership in 1964 and became a federal minister., the party was dissolved on 28 December 1967 and absorbed into

(USNO).

General election results

State election results

References

Defunct political parties in Sabah 1961 establishments in North Borneo Political parties established in 1961 1967 disestablishments in Malaysia Political parties disestablished in 1967 Indigenist political parties Ethnic political parties {{Malaysia-party-stub