United Nations Security Council resolution 1355, adopted unanimously on 15 June 2001, after recalling resolutions 1234 (1999),

1258 Year 1258 ( MCCLVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Mongol Empire * February 10 – Siege of Baghdad: Mongol forces (some 150,000 men) led b ...

(1999),

1265 Year 1265 ( MCCLXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By topic War and politics * January 20 – In Westminster, the first elected English parliament (called Mon ...

(1999),

1273 Year 1273 (Roman numerals, MCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * January 22 – Sultan Muhammad I of Granada, Muhammad I (or Ibn al-A ...

(1999),

1279 Year 1279 A.D ( MCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * July 17 – Battle of Devina: Emperor Michael VIII (Palaiologos) sen ...

(1999),

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(2000),

1296 Year 1296 ( MCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * March 30 – Capture of Berwick: King Edward I of England storms and captures Berwick ...

(2000), 1304 (2000),

1323 Year 1323 ( MCCCXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * March 6 – Treaty of Paris: Louis I, Count of Flanders relinquishes his claim ...

(2000),

1332 Year 1332 ( MCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events * February 18 – Amda Seyon I, Emperor of Ethiopia, begins his campaigns in the southern Muslim provinces ...

(2000) and 1341 (2001) on situation in the

Democratic Republic of the Congo The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...

, the Council extended the mandate of the

United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or MONUSCO, an acronym based on its French name , is a United Nations peacekeeping force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) which was estab ...

(MONUC) until 15 June 2002 subject to review every four months.

Resolution

Observations

The preamble of the resolution expressed concern at the humanitarian consequences of the conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and at all violations of human rights against the population, particularly in the east of the country. There was also concern at the use of

child soldiers Children (defined by the Convention on the Rights of the Child as people under the age of 18) have been recruited for participation in military operations and campaigns throughout history and in many cultures. Children in the military, includ ...

. It also reaffirmed the Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement and other redeployment and disengagement plans. It concluded by determining that the situation in the region constituted a threat to international peace and security in the region.

Acts

A

Acting under

Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military an ...

, the Council expressed satisfaction that there was general observance of the

ceasefire A ceasefire (also known as a truce or armistice), also spelled cease fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions. Ceasefires may be between state act ...

. It demanded that the Front de Libération du Congo disengage and redeploy in accordance with previously agreed plans and commitments made to the Security Council mission that visited the region. The Council again demanded that

Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territor ...

Rwanda Rwanda (; rw, u Rwanda ), officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator ...

n and other foreign forces immediately withdraw from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. There was concern that military operations had taken place in the

Kivu Kivu was the name for a large "region" in the Democratic Republic of the Congo under the rule of Mobutu Sese Seko that bordered Lake Kivu. It included three "Sub-Regions" ("Sous-Régions" in French): Nord-Kivu, Sud-Kivu and Maniema, correspondin ...

s and the

Rally for Congolese Democracy The Congolese Rally for Democracy (french: Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie; abbreviated RCD), also known as the Rally for Congolese Democracy, is a political party and a former rebel group that operated in the eastern region of the ...

was urged to demilitarise

Kisangani Kisangani (formerly Stanleyville or Stanleystad) is the capital of Tshopo province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the fifth most populous urban area in the country, with an estimated population of 1,312,000 in 2021, and the larg ...

. All parties, including the

Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo The Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is the second institution in the central executive branch of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the first institution being the President, who has the title of head of state. Description ...

, had to cease support for armed groups. Meanwhile, incursions by armed groups into Rwanda and

Burundi Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili language, Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French language, French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the ...

were condemned. The Security Council, highlighting diplomatic efforts to resolve the crisis, welcomed dialogue between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Burundi and stressed that peace in the former should not be achieved at the expense of peace in the latter. Dialogue among Congolese parties was also welcomed. It condemned

massacres A massacre is the killing of a large number of people or animals, especially those who are not involved in any fighting or have no way of defending themselves. A massacre is generally considered to be morally unacceptable, especially when per ...

, the use of child soldiers and attacks on humanitarian personnel and reminded parties of their obligations under the

Fourth Geneva Convention The Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, more commonly referred to as the Fourth Geneva Convention and abbreviated as GCIV, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. It was adopted in Augus ...

. The

international community The international community is an imprecise phrase used in geopolitics and international relations to refer to a broad group of people and governments of the world. As a rhetorical term Aside from its use as a general descriptor, the term is ...

was called upon to increase

humanitarian aid Humanitarian aid is material and logistic assistance to people who need help. It is usually short-term help until the long-term help by the government and other institutions replaces it. Among the people in need are the homeless, refugees, and ...

to the region. The resolution stressed that the illegal exploitation of the country's

natural resource Natural resources are resources that are drawn from nature and used with few modifications. This includes the sources of valued characteristics such as commercial and industrial use, aesthetic value, scientific interest and cultural value. O ...

s had to end and it awaited a report from a panel established to investigate the matter. It stressed the importance of the link between progress in the peace process and economic recovery and welcomed the re-opening of the Congo and

Ubangi River The Ubangi River (), also spelled Oubangui, is the largest right-bank tributary of the Congo River in the region of Central Africa. It begins at the confluence of the Mbomou (mean annual discharge 1,350 m3/s) and Uele Rivers (mean annual discharge ...

s and the establishment of the Congo River Basin Commission to address river traffic. The Council noted that peace would only be achieved if all countries in the region defined rules to promote security and development.

B

The Security Council extended MONUC's mandate and requested the Secretary-General

Kofi Annan Kofi Atta Annan (; 8 April 193818 August 2018) was a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh secretary-general of the United Nations from 1997 to 2006. Annan and the UN were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize. He was the founder ...

to make recommendations on ways MONUC could monitor the implementation of withdrawal plans. It authorised the MONUC mission to assist in the

disarmament Disarmament is the act of reducing, limiting, or abolishing weapons. Disarmament generally refers to a country's military or specific type of weaponry. Disarmament is often taken to mean total elimination of weapons of mass destruction, such as n ...

demobilisation Demobilization or demobilisation (see spelling differences) is the process of standing down a nation's armed forces from combat-ready status. This may be as a result of victory in war, or because a crisis has been peacefully resolved and militar ...

, rehabilitation and reintegration process involving armed groups. The Secretary-General was further requested to expand the civilian component of MONUC, particularly in the area of human rights and

international humanitarian law International humanitarian law (IHL), also referred to as the laws of armed conflict, is the law that regulates the conduct of war (''jus in bello''). It is a branch of international law that seeks to limit the effects of armed conflict by prot ...

. The resolution approved the Secretary-General's revised concept of operations for MONUC, which included the creation of a civilian police component. It noted the need to improve the public information capacity through the establishment of United Nations

radio stations Radio broadcasting is transmission of audio signal, audio (sound), sometimes with related metadata, by radio waves to radio receivers belonging to a public audience. In terrestrial radio broadcasting the radio waves are broadcast by a land-b ...

. Finally, the parties were called upon to co-operate fully with the UNMOC mission and ensure the safety of United Nations personnel.

References

External links

*
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
{{UNSCR 2001 1355 2001 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo 1355 1355 1355 1355 1355 June 2001 events

Resolution

Observations

Acts

A

B

See also

References

External links