Uncial 047 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering no. 047, ε 95 von Soden) is a Greek

uncial Uncial is a majuscule Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall. (1996) ''Encyclopedia of the Book''. 2nd edn. New Castle, DE, and London: Oak Knoll Press & The British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printing, printed or repr ...

of the

Gospels Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words an ...

. The codex is dated paleographically to the 8th century. Formerly the codex was designated by Hebrew letter ב. It has full

marginalia Marginalia (or apostils) are marks made in the margins of a book or other document. They may be scribbles, comments, glosses (annotations), critiques, doodles, drolleries, or illuminations. Biblical manuscripts Biblical manuscripts have ...

Description

The codex contains on 152 parchment leaves (20.5 cm by 15.2 cm) almost complete text of the four

, with some lacunae (

Matthew Matthew may refer to: * Matthew (given name) * Matthew (surname) * ''Matthew'' (ship), the replica of the ship sailed by John Cabot in 1497 * ''Matthew'' (album), a 2000 album by rapper Kool Keith * Matthew (elm cultivar), a cultivar of the Ch ...

2-3; 28; Mark 5-6; 8-9; John 12; 14; 17). The text is written partly in double columns and partly in

cruciform Cruciform is a term for physical manifestations resembling a common cross or Christian cross. The label can be extended to architectural shapes, biology, art, and design. Cruciform architectural plan Christian churches are commonly described ...

, 37 or 38 lines per page. Parchment is thick, ink is brown. The letters are small. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and their (''titles'') at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (in Mark sections 237, the last section in 16:15), with references to the

Eusebian Canons Eusebian canons, Eusebian sections or Eusebian apparatus, also known as Ammonian sections, are the system of dividing the four Gospels used between late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The divisions into chapters and verses used in modern texts d ...

(written below Ammonian Section numbers). It contains prolegomena, lists of the (''tables of contents'') before each Gospel, lectionary equipment on the margin (for liturgical use), and Verses. It does not contain the text of Matthew 16:2b–3, text of John 5:3.4 is present, but they were marked by an

obelus An obelus (plural: obeluses or obeli) is a term in typography that refers to a historical mark which has resolved to three modern meanings: * Division sign * Dagger * Commercial minus sign (limited geographical area of use) The word "obel ...

in the left-hand margin, indicating that the passage is doubtful. The pericope John 7:53-8:11 is not marked by an obelus or asterisk. It uses the form (for 3 person and plural in

aorist Aorist (; abbreviated ) verb forms usually express perfective aspect and refer to past events, similar to a preterite. Ancient Greek grammar had the aorist form, and the grammars of other Indo-European languages and languages influenced by the I ...

us), typical of Koine Greek, instead of ειπον, typical of Byzantine Greek.

Lacunae

Matthew 2:15-3:12; 28:10-20; Mark 5:40-6:18; 8:35-9:19; John 12:16-42; 14:7-15:1; 18:34-21:25.

Text

The Greek text of this

codex The codex (plural codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. Instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. The term ''codex'' is often used for ancient manuscript books, with ...

is a representative of the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fou ...

, Aland gave for it the following textual profile: 175¹, 96^1/2, 6², 21^s, and placed it in Category V. Wisse recognized its text – in Luke 1; 10; 20 – as text of the textual family K^x.

Hermann von Soden Baron Hermann von Soden (16 August 1852 – 15 January 1914) was a German Biblical scholar, minister, professor of divinity, and textual theorist. Life Born in Cincinnati, Ohio, on August 16, 1852, Soden was educated at the University of Tübinge ...

did not classify it in this group. In John 1:29 it lacks ο Ιωαννης along with manuscripts א, A, B, K, M, N, S, U, Y, Δ, Θ, Π, Ψ, Ω, 0141, 8., 9., 565., 1192.

History

Currently the manuscript is dated by the

INTF The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (german: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its G ...

to the 8th century. The codex was discovered by Gregory in 1886, who gave the first description of the codex. The codex was formerly held in the monastery of St. Andrew on

Athos Peninsula Mount Athos (; el, Ἄθως, ) is a mountain in the distal part of the eponymous Athos peninsula and site of an important centre of Eastern Orthodox monasticism in northeastern Greece. The mountain along with the respective part of the penin ...

. C. R. Gregory examined it in 1886. It was brought by

Thomas Whittemore Thomas Whittemore (January 2, 1871 – June 8, 1950) was an American scholar and archaeologist who founded the Byzantine Institute of America. His close personal relationship with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, founder and the first president of the ...

to the United States. Since 1942 the codex has been located in the

Princeton University Library Princeton University Library is the main library system of Princeton University. With holdings of more than 7 million books, 6 million microforms, and 48,000 linear feet of manuscripts, it is among the largest libraries in the world by number of ...

(Library Μed. and Ren. Mss, Garrett 1), in

Princeton, New Jersey Princeton is a municipality with a borough form of government in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It was established on January 1, 2013, through the consolidation of the Borough of Princeton and Princeton Township, both of whi ...

References

External links

* R. Waltz
Uncial 047
at the ''Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Uncial 0047 Greek New Testament uncials 8th-century biblical manuscripts