Uncial 0321 (in the Gregory- Aland numbering), ε 2 ( Soden), is a

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

uncial Uncial is a majuscule Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall. (1996) ''Encyclopedia of the Book''. 2nd edn. New Castle, DE, and London: Oak Knoll Press & The British Library The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and is one ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printing, printed or repr ...

of the

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

, dated paleographically to the 5th-century. The manuscript has survived in very fragmentary condition.

Description

The codex contains a small part of the

Gospel of Matthew The Gospel of Matthew), or simply Matthew. It is most commonly abbreviated as "Matt." is the first book of the New Testament of the Bible and one of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells how Israel's Messiah, Jesus, comes to his people and for ...

14:13-16.19-23; 24:37-25:1.32-45 on 3 parchment leaves of size . The text is written in two columns per page, 27 lines per page. The uncial letters are written separately, without breathings (

rough breathing In the polytonic orthography of Ancient Greek, the rough breathing ( grc, δασὺ πνεῦμα, dasỳ pneûma or ''daseîa''; la, spīritus asper) character is a diacritical mark used to indicate the presence of an sound before a vowel, d ...

smooth breathing The smooth breathing ( grc, ψιλὸν πνεῦμα, psilòn pneûma; ell, ψιλή ''psilí''; la, spīritus lēnis) is a diacritical mark used in polytonic orthography. In Ancient Greek, it marks the absence of the voiceless glottal frica ...

) and accents. The initial letters are written on the margin. There is a punctuation and signs of interrogative. It does not use

Iota subscript The iota subscript is a diacritic mark in the Greek alphabet shaped like a small vertical stroke or miniature iota placed below the letter. It can occur with the vowel letters eta , omega , and alpha . It represents the former presence of an ...

um.

Eduard de Muralt Eduard de Muralt ( Bischofszell 1808–1895) was a Swiss-German professor of theology, librarian, and palaeographer. Born in Bischofszell, as son of Kaspar, a dealer, and of Elizabeth Sprüngli. Studies of theology in Zurich (finished in 1832), the ...

''Catalogue des manuscrits grecs de la Bibliothèque Impériale publique''
(Petersburg 1864), pp. 4–5. The errors of

itacism Iotacism ( el, ιωτακισμός, ''iotakismos'') or itacism is the process of vowel shift by which a number of vowels and diphthongs converged towards the pronunciation in post-classical Greek and Modern Greek. The term "iotacism" refers to ...

occur rarely, it uses

N ephelkystikon In ancient Greek grammar, movable nu, movable N or ephelcystic nu ( grc, νῦ ἐφελκυστικόν ''nû ephelkustikón'', literally "nu dragged onto" or "attracted to") is a letter nu (written ; the Greek equivalent of the letter ''n'') pl ...

, the abbreviations are used rarely. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin. It is a

palimpsest In textual studies, a palimpsest () is a manuscript page, either from a scroll or a book, from which the text has been scraped or washed off so that the page can be reused for another document. Parchment was made of lamb, calf, or kid skin an ...

, the upper text was written in the 10th century in

Georgian Georgian may refer to: Common meanings * Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country) ** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group ** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians **Georgian scripts, three scrip ...

language it contains calendar. The Greek text of this

codex The codex (plural codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. Instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. The term ''codex'' is often used for ancient manuscript books, with ...

is mixed, influenced by the

Byzantine text-type In the textual criticism of the New Testament, the Byzantine text-type (also called Majority Text, Traditional Text, Ecclesiastical Text, Constantinopolitan Text, Antiocheian Text, or Syrian Text) is one of the main text types. It is the form fou ...

. Aland and

Barbara Aland Barbara Aland, née Ehlers (born 12 April 1937 in Hamburg, Germany) is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002. Biography After having c ...

placed it in Category III.Kurt Aland et

, ''The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism'', trans. Erroll F. Rhodes,

William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company is a religious publishing house based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Founded in 1911 by Dutch American William B. Eerdmans (November 4, 1882 – April 1966) and still independently owned with William's daughte ...

, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1995, p. 119.

History

The manuscript is dated on the palaeographical ground to the 5th-century. Probably it was brought from

Sinai Sinai commonly refers to: * Sinai Peninsula, Egypt * Mount Sinai, a mountain in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt * Biblical Mount Sinai, the site in the Bible where Moses received the Law of God Sinai may also refer to: * Sinai, South Dakota, a place ...

Constantin von Tischendorf Lobegott Friedrich Constantin (von) Tischendorf (18 January 18157 December 1874) was a German biblical scholar. In 1844, he discovered the world's oldest and most complete Bible dated to around the mid-4th century and called Codex Sinaiticus a ...

. Gregory catalogued it as

Uncial 067 Uncial 067 (in the Caspar René Gregory, Gregory-Kurt Aland, Aland numbering), ε 2 (Biblical manuscript#Von Soden, Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated Palaeography, paleographically to the 6th century. Description ...

on his list. After re-examination made by

Pasquale Orsini Pasquale Orsini (born 1970) is an Italian palaeographer, librarian, and Professor from Università di Catania-Siracusa. Life Orsini studied at the Sapienza University of Rome. He was a pupil of prof. Guglielmo Cavallo. He works at the Universit� ...

it is clear that it is different manuscript.P. Orsini, ''Manoscritti in maiuscola biblica. Materiali per un aggiornamento, Cassino, Edizioni dell’Università degli Studi di Cassino'' (2005), p. 296. In 2010 it was catalogued by the

INTF The Institute for New Testament Textual Research (german: Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung — INTF) at the University of Münster, Westphalia, Germany, is to research the textual history of the New Testament and to reconstruct its G ...

separately as 0321. The manuscript was examined by Tischendorf, who edited its text in 1846. It was also examined and described by

Kurt Treu Kurt Treu (15 September 1928 in Karja, Saare County, Estonia – 6 June 1991 in Vienna, Austria), was a German classical philologist. He was born the son of a German parson on the island Saaremaa, the largest island of Estonia. In 1940, because of W ...

,Kurt Treu, ''Die Griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments in der USSR; eine systematische Auswertung des Texthandschriften in Leningrad, Moskau, Kiev, Odessa, Tbilisi und Erevan'', T & U 91 (Berlin: 1966), pp. 23–24. and recently by Pasquale Orsini. It is currently housed at the

Russian National Library The National Library of Russia (NLR, russian: Российская национальная библиотека}), located in Saint Petersburg, is the first, and one of three national public libraries in Russia. The NLR is currently ranked amo ...

(Suppl. Gr. 6 III, fol. 10-12) in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

References

External links

Uncial 0321
at the ''

Leuven Database of Ancient Books The Leuven Database of Ancient Books (LDAB) is a resource for all ancient written literary manuscripts, from 500 BC to AD 800. It currently lists more than 16.000 Greek, Latin, Coptic, Syriac and Demotic literary texts. It is said that it "attempts ...

'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Uncial 0321 Palimpsests Greek New Testament uncials 5th-century biblical manuscripts National Library of Russia collection

Description

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links