Umbraco is an

open-source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-source model is a decentralized sof ...

content management system A content management system (CMS) is computer software used to manage the creation and modification of digital content (content management).''Managing Enterprise Content: A Unified Content Strategy''. Ann Rockley, Pamela Kostur, Steve Manning. New ...

(CMS) platform for publishing content on the World Wide Web and

intranet An intranet is a computer network for sharing information, easier communication, collaboration tools, operational systems, and other computing services within an organization, usually to the exclusion of access by outsiders. The term is used in c ...

s. It is written in C# and deployed on Microsoft based infrastructure. Since version 4.5, the whole system has been available under an MIT License. Umbraco was developed by Niels Hartvig in 2000 and released as open source software in 2004. In 2009, CMS Wire described it as one of the leading .NET-based open source CMS systems. In 2010, with 1000 downloads a day, Umbraco was in the top five most popular downloads via the Microsoft Web Platform Installer, two places below its main rival

DotNetNuke DNN Platform (formerly DotNetNuke) is a web content management system and web application framework based on the .NET Framework. It is open source and part of the .Net Foundation. DNN is written in C#, though it existed for many years as a VB.N ...

, and was the 12th most downloaded application from Codeplex, six places below DotNetNuke and 13 places higher than mojoPortal.

Technology

Umbraco is primarily written in C#, stores data in a

relational database A relational database is a (most commonly digital) database based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970. A system used to maintain relational databases is a relational database management system (RDBMS). Many relatio ...

(commonly Microsoft SQL Server) and works on

Microsoft IIS Internet Information Services (IIS-pronounced 2S, formerly Internet Information Server) is an extensible web server software created by Microsoft for use with the Windows NT family. IIS supports HTTP, HTTP/2, HTTPS, FTP, FTPS, SMTP and NNTP. ...

. Umbraco's front-end is built upon Microsoft's

.NET Framework The .NET Framework (pronounced as "''dot net"'') is a proprietary software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows. It was the predominant implementation of the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) until bein ...

, using

ASP.NET Core ASP.NET Core is a free and open-source web framework and successor to ASP.NET, developed by Microsoft. It is a modular framework that runs on both the full .NET Framework, on Windows, and the cross-platform .NET. However, ASP.NET Core version 3 on ...

. Umbraco uses standard ASP.NET features such as ASP.NET "master pages" to facilitate the creation of reusable page layouts, and supports both Razor and

XSLT XSLT (Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) is a language originally designed for transforming XML documents into other XML documents, or other formats such as HTML for web pages, plain text or XSL Formatting Objects, which may subseque ...

. XSLT has been used for

scripting Script may refer to: Writing systems * Script, a distinctive writing system, based on a repertoire of specific elements or symbols, or that repertoire * Script (styles of handwriting) ** Script typeface, a typeface with characteristics of handw ...

, and in the past there was much debate as to which yielded better performance, since XML has been used for database storage and for the cache file (umbraco.config)

Database tier

In 2008, a

data abstraction In software engineering and computer science, abstraction is: * The process of removing or generalizing physical, spatial, or temporal details or attributes in the study of objects or systems to focus attention on details of greater importance ...

layer for Umbraco was built, making it possible to support databases other than SQL Server. In version 4.0 of Umbraco, support for MySQL, SQL Server and VistaDB come as standard. With Umbraco 4.6, released in 2010, VistaDB support was removed, and replaced with support for SQL Server Express and SQL Server Compact Edition, due to licensing issues with VistaDB's parent company. As of Umbraco 6, support for MySQL has waned, as the development team has spent more time supporting Microsoft's SQL Server products. MySQL 5.6.5 or newer is required to support Umbraco 6.1 or newer. Umbraco 7 featured a completely revamped back-end administration UI, with the use of

AngularJS AngularJS is a discontinued free and open-source JavaScript-based web framework for developing single-page applications. It was maintained mainly by Google and a community of individuals and corporations. It aimed to simplify both the development ...

for a

single-page application A single-page application (SPA) is a web application or website that interacts with the user by dynamically rewriting the current web page with new data from the web server, instead of the default method of a web browser loading entire new pages. ...

experience. It has also been announced that they will implement Angular 2.0.

Deployment

The standard release of Umbraco is typically deployed on IIS in an environment which supports Full Trust. While a Full Trust environment is mandatory to install and operate the standard release, the codebase has been branched and modified to produce a version of the framework and backend UI which supports Medium Trust. Research has also been undertaken on running an Umbraco website on

Mono Mono may refer to: Common meanings * Infectious mononucleosis, "the kissing disease" * Monaural, monophonic sound reproduction, often shortened to mono * Mono-, a numerical prefix representing anything single Music Performers * Mono (Japanese b ...

on Linux. Umbraco can be deployed on a single physical server running the database and web tier, and this deployment model can be appropriate for small low-cost sites. Umbraco sites which serve content under higher load can also be deployed on a load balanced cluster. Load balanced Umbraco installations can use software or hardware load balancers, and load balanced network files can be shared using a SAN,

NAS Nas (born 1973) is the stage name of American rapper Nasir Jones. Nas, NaS, or NAS may also refer to: Aviation * Nasair, a low-cost airline carrier and subsidiary based in Eritrea * National Air Services, an airline in Saudi Arabia ** Nas Air ( ...

or a

cluster file system A clustered file system is a file system which is shared by being simultaneously mounted on multiple servers. There are several approaches to clustering, most of which do not employ a clustered file system (only direct attached storage for ...

or using a file replication service between nodes in the cluster.

Releases

Version 4.1 Beta II was released on 16 February 2010 which refactors a number of key components of the framework, including the UI tree control to improve performance and the user experience and parts of the data access layer to reduce the number of database calls. Version 5 (codenamed "Jupiter") is a rewrite of the framework, built using

ASP.NET MVC ASP.NET MVC is a web application framework developed by Microsoft that implements the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern. It is no longer in active development. It is open-source software, apart from the ASP.NET Web Forms component, which is ...

, published in January 2012. Problems (performance and code complexity) inherent in the architecture of the new Version 5 data access layer led to Version 5 being dropped in June 2012 despite having been released on a commercial license, and development efforts refocused on integrating selected Version 5 front end enhancements into Version 4. Version 6 was released on the 31st of January, 2013, and was focused on additional support for MVC 4 and a new streamlined API. Version 7 was released on the 21st of November, 2013. It is updated concurrently with version 6, but provides a redesign of the back-office user interface. Umbraco 8 was released on the 26th of February, 2019. Umbraco 9 was released on the 28th of September, 2021. This marks the first version fully on .NET 5 and ASP.NET Core. Umbraco 10 was released on the 16th of June 2022. This release brought Umbraco to .NET 6 and ASP.NET Core 6 and SQLite support. Umbraco 11 was released on the 1st of December 2022. This release brought Umbraco to .NET 7 and ASP.NET Core 7 and a new Block Grid Editor.

Community

2020 - The Umbraco corporation employs over 70 staff and is supported by a core team of over 15 developers who work on the open source core platform. Umbraco's community site, "Our Umbraco", has more than 200,000 registered users and developers. Since 2005, an annual developer conference Codegarden has taken place in or in the region of Copenhagen, except in 2007, when it was held in London. In 2009, the conference had 170 attendees and subsequently took place in Copenhagen in June 2010 and June 2011, then growing to 350 attendees for June 2012 and 2013.

Reception

In August 2009, Umbraco was included in a list of 10 CMS platforms recommended by the Danish ''Version2'' magazine. Among these were three systems initially developed in Denmark: Sitecore, TYPO3, and Umbraco. Jesper Stein Sandal (18 Aug 2009
Her er 10 CMS'er, du ikke må gå glip af
, Version2

References

External links

*
Umbraco repository on GitHub
{{Application frameworks Free content management systems Content management systems Website management Web development software Free and open-source software Blog software 2000 software