Ulrich Hugwald (''Udalricus Hugualdus'', ''Huldaricus Mutius Hugwaldus'', 1496–1571) was a Swiss

humanist Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the individual and social potential and agency of human beings. It considers human beings the starting point for serious moral and philosophical inquiry. The meaning of the term "human ...

scholar and Reformer. Born in

Wilen Wilen is a municipality in the district of Münchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. Prior to Thurgau's 1998 reorganisation, Wilen was known as Wilen bei Wil and was part of Rickenbach bei Wil, which was then broken up into the munic ...

near

Bischofszell Bischofszell ( Alemannic: ''Bischefzèl'') is a village and a municipality in Weinfelden District in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. It is the seat of the district. In 1987, the city was awarded the Wakker Prize for the preservation of its a ...

, county of Thurgau, he was enrolled in the theological faculty in

Basel University The University of Basel ( Latin: ''Universitas Basiliensis'', German: ''Universität Basel'') is a university in Basel, Switzerland. Founded on 4 April 1460, it is Switzerland's oldest university and among the world's oldest surviving universi ...

from 1519. He published critical pamphlets with Basel printer

Adam Petri Adam Petri (1454 in Langendorf (now part of Elfershausen) in Franconia – 15 November 1527 in Basel) was a printer, publisher and bookseller. Early life Petri was born ca. 1454 in Langendorf near Hammelburg. Like his uncle Johannes Pet ...

from 1520. He was in correspondence with a number of reformers, such as Vadianus,

Michael Stifel Michael Stifel or Styfel (1487 – April 19, 1567) was a German monk, Protestant reformer and mathematician. He was an Augustinian who became an early supporter of Martin Luther. He was later appointed professor of mathematics at Jena Universi ...

Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples ( Latinized as Jacobus Faber Stapulensis; c. 1455 – c. 1536) was a French theologian and a leading figure in French humanism. He was a precursor of the Protestant movement in France. The "d'Étaples" was not part of ...

and

Guillaume Farel William Farel (1489 – 13 September 1565), Guilhem Farel or Guillaume Farel (), was a French evangelist, Protestant reformer and a founder of the Calvinist Church in the Principality of Neuchâtel, in the Republic of Geneva, and in Switzerland ...

. He also opened a private school of rhetorics in Basel. In 1524, he debated with

Oecolampadius Johannes Oecolampadius (also ''Œcolampadius'', in German also Oekolampadius, Oekolampad; 1482 – 24 November 1531) was a German Protestant reformer in the Calvinist tradition from the Electoral Palatinate. He was the leader of the Protestant f ...

and

Thomas Müntzer Thomas Müntzer ( – 27 May 1525) was a German preacher and theologian of the early Reformation whose opposition to both Martin Luther and the Roman Catholic Church led to his open defiance of late-feudal authority in central Germany. Müntzer w ...

on the topic of

believer's baptism Believer's baptism or adult baptism (occasionally called credobaptism, from the Latin word meaning "I believe") is the practice of baptizing those who are able to make a conscious profession of faith, as contrasted to the practice of baptizing ...

. He joined the Basel

Anabaptists Anabaptism (from Neo-Latin , from the Greek : 're-' and 'baptism', german: Täufer, earlier also )Since the middle of the 20th century, the German-speaking world no longer uses the term (translation: "Re-baptizers"), considering it biased. ...

in 1525, and was consequently imprisoned. He retired to his native Thurgau, working as a craftsman and farmer for some time. On his return to Basel, he distanced himself from the Anabaptists and was no longer active in religious debate. He taught at the Basel gymnasium from 1535, becoming rector in 1540, and he was professor for logic and ethics at the University of Basel from 1542. In 1539, he published ''De Germanorum prima origine'', a chronistic account of the

Germanic peoples The Germanic peoples were historical groups of people that once occupied Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages. Since the 19th century, they have traditionally been defined by the use of ancient and ear ...

(edited by Struve in 1726). In an early expression of

German nationalism German nationalism () is an ideological notion that promotes the unity of Germans and German-speakers into one unified nation state. German nationalism also emphasizes and takes pride in the patriotism and national identity of Germans as one n ...

, the publication aimed to defend the antiquity and nobility of the German race against the opinion held by

Italian humanists Renaissance humanism was a revival in the study of classical antiquity, at first in Italy and then spreading across Western Europe in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries. During the period, the term ''humanist'' ( it, umanista) referred to teache ...

which considered the Germans barbarous and enlightened only by Latin learing. Hugwald's work is substantially based on the ''Chronography'' by Swabian historian

Johannes Nauclerus Johannes Nauclerus (Naucler, Naukler) ( 1425 – May 1, 1510) was a 16th-century Swabian historian and humanist. He was born Johann Vergenhans to a noble (or knighted) man of the same name. As was the fashion of the time, the family's name had be ...

, published in 1516, to a lesser degree drawing on

Franciscus Irenicus Franciscus Irenicus, byname of Franz Friedlieb (1494/1495 – 1553) was a German humanist, Protestant reformer and historian. He was born in Ettlingen and died in Gemmingen. He studied at the famous Latin school in Pforzheim, where Philipp Melanc ...

Heinrich Bebel Heinrich Bebel (1472 in Ingstetten (now part of Schelklingen) – 1518 Tübingen) was a German humanist. Biography He was an alumnus of Krakow and Basel universities, and from 1497 professor of poetry and rhetoric at the University of Tübingen. ...

Beatus Rhenanus Beatus Rhenanus (22 August 148520 July 1547), born as Beatus Bild, was a German humanist, religious reformer, classical scholar, and book collector. Early life and education Rhenanus was born on the 22 August 1485 in Schlettstadt (Sélestat) ...

, and others. The work is therefore of little value independent of that of Nauclerus except for its expressions of early German national sentiment paired with a patriotic love of his own homeland in Switzerland (Müller 1886).

Bibliography

*1520 ''Dialogus, studiorum, suorum, prooemium et militiae initium''.

*1520 ''Ad omnes qui Christum, seu regnum dei, ex animo quaerunt''.

*1521 ''Ad Sanctam Tigvrinam Ecclesiam Vdalrici Hvgvaldi Epistola''

*1521 ''Tres epistolae, quarum ultima legunt qui hodie Euangelistas persequuntur et caveant, ne lacessitus ad arma deposita redeat''.

*1522 ''Est Tibi Lector Brevissimo Compendio Per Vlrichvm Hugualdum, unde hominum perditio, in quoque sit corum salus''. Basel 1522

*1539 ''De Germanorum prima origine. moribus, institutis, legibus et memorabilibus pace et * bello gestis etc.'' Basiliae apud Henricum Petru

http://reader.digitale-sammlungen.de/resolve/display/bsb11197187.html]

References

*Paul Burckhardt: ''Die Basler Täufer: ein Beitrag zur schweizerischen Reformationsgeschichte''. Basel 1898, pp. 7, 13f. *Johann Georg Kreis: ''Das Leben und die Schriften des Thurgauers Ulrich Hugwald, genannt Mutius''. In: ''Thurgauer Beiträge zur vaterländischen Geschichte'', 41 (1901), S140–169; 42 (1902), 4–75. *Otto Clemen: ''Der Wiedertäufer Ulrich Hugwald''. In: ''Beiträge zur Reformationsgeschichte aus Büchern und Handschriften der Zwickauer Ratsschulbibliothek'', Berlin 1902, vol. 2, 45–85. * *Peter G. Bietenholz, Thomas B. Deutscher: ''Contemporaries of Erasmus: a bibliographical register of the Renaissance and Reformation''. Toronto 1985
p. 212f.
* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Hugwald, Ulrich University of Basel faculty Swiss Protestant Reformers 1496 births 1571 deaths