The

American Elm ''Ulmus americana'', generally known as the American elm or, less commonly, as the white elm or water elm, is a species of elm native to eastern North America, naturally occurring from Nova Scotia west to Alberta and Montana, and south to Flor ...

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, ...

''Ulmus americana'' 'Markham' was

cloned Cloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical or virtually identical DNA, either by natural or artificial means. In nature, some organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction. In the field of biotechnology, c ...

in Avon,

New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States New York may also refer to: Film and television * '' ...

before 1950 from "an outstanding tree", now long dead, growing naturally on what from 1794 was the Markham estate two miles north of Avon.

Description

The original tree was of great size, and possessed an extremely pendulous branching habit.Peattie, D. C. (1950). ''A Natural History of Trees of Eastern and Central North America'', p. 240. Houghton Mifflin Company (HMCo) Field Guides, Boston, MA. It was partly destroyed by fire in the mid-19th century and by storm in 1893. In 1913 its hollow trunk had a bole-girth of 45 ft and was estimated to be at least 400 years old. "Still, the veteran elm had not lost its vitality," wrote Katharine Stanley Nicholson in her ''Historic American trees'' (1922). "In the spring of 1920, after bursting into leaf, and then losing every one through an onslaught of canker worms, it rallied bravely and in a few weeks was once more in full foliage."Nicholson, Katharine Stanley, ''Historic American trees'' (NY, 1922); p.42
/ref>

Cultivation

It is not known whether 'Markham' remains in cultivation in

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

or beyond.

References

{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars , state=collapsed American elm cultivar Ulmus articles missing images Ulmus