''Ulmus'' 'Lobel' is a Dutch

hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two diff ...

cultivar A cultivar is a kind of Horticulture, cultivated plant that people have selected for desired phenotypic trait, traits and which retains those traits when Plant propagation, propagated. Methods used to propagate cultivars include division, root a ...

raised at the Dorschkamp Research Institute for Forestry & Landscape Planning,

Wageningen Wageningen () is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and a historic city in the central Netherlands, in the province of Gelderland. It is famous for Wageningen University, which specialises in life sciences. The municipality had a ...

, from a crossing of clone '202' ( 'Exoniensis' × ''U. wallichiana'') with '336' ( 'Bea Schwarz', selfed). 'Lobel' was cloned in 1962 and released for sale in 1973.

Description

'Lobel' is a fastigiate, small-crowned, tree not unlike the pyramidal Hornbeam ''

Carpinus betulus Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the plant genus ''Carpinus'' in the family Betulaceae. Its species occur across much of the temperateness, temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Common names The common English name ''hornbeam'' derives ...

'' 'Fastigiata'. The typically

acuminate The following terms are used to describe leaf plant morphology, morphology in the description and taxonomy (biology), taxonomy of plants. Leaves may be simple (that is, the leaf blade or 'lamina' is undivided) or compound (that is, the leaf blade ...

leaves are < 11 cm long × < 7 cm broad, and notably late to flush, rarely before mid-May.Santini, A., Fagnani, A., Ferrini, F., Ghelardini, L., & Mittempergher, L. (2005). Variation among Italian and French elm clones in their response to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi inoculation. ''Forest Pathology'', 25 (2005), 183-193, Blackwell Verlag, BerlinPhotographs of 'Lobel' elm

leaves and samara (fruit), samara

/ref> File:Ulmus 'Lobel' bark, 35-year-old tree, Southsea Common, England.jpg, Bark of 35-year-old 'Lobel' File:Lobel leaves 1.jpg, 'Lobel' leaves

Pests and diseases

'Lobel' was rated 4 out of 5 ("good") in the Netherlands for its resistance to Dutch elm disease.Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). ''Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen'' (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. However, in trials conducted by the

Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante The Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante (IPP), or 'Institute of Plant Protection', is part of the Food Department of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR; "Italian National Research Council"), an Italian government organization with the ...

, Italy, 'Lobel' suffered 50% defoliation and 35.5% dieback when inoculated with unnaturally high concentrations of the fungal pathogen, compared with 2.8% and 1.2% resp. for 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'.Santini, A, et al. (2002). 'San Zanobi' and 'Plinio' Elm trees. ''HortScience'' 37(7): 1139–1141, 2002. Owing to the ''U. wallichiana'' in its ancestry, young specimens of 'Lobel' proved particularly susceptible to elm yellows (phloem necrosis) in trials in Italy.Mittempergher, L., (2000). Elm Yellows in Europe. In: ''The Elms, Conservation and Disease Management.'' 103–119. Dunn C.P., ed. Kluwer Academic Press Publishers, Boston, USA.

Cultivation

Following the development and release of cultivars such as 'Columella' more resistant to Dutch elm disease, planting is no longer recommended wherever the disease is prevalent. Moreover, 'Lobel' was originally propagated by grafting onto ''U. glabra'' rootstocks, which has proven an unsatisfactory combination in the Netherlands leading to graft failures in maturity. Graft failure is the commonest cause of elm death in Amsterdam. Sales of 'Lobel' in the Netherlands declined from over 12,000 in 1989 to 1,100 in 2004. However, 'Lobel' is particularly resistant to sea winds, and was accordingly planted in large numbers in the coastal provinces in The Netherlands and by

Portsmouth Portsmouth ( ) is a port city status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority in Hampshire, England. Most of Portsmouth is located on Portsea Island, off the south coast of England in the Solent, making Portsmouth the only city in En ...

City Council in the late 1980s, notably to replace the

Huntingdon Elm Huntingdon is a market town in the Huntingdonshire district of Cambridgeshire, England. The town was given its town charter by King John in 1205. It was the county town of the historic county of Huntingdonshire. Oliver Cromwell was born there ...

s lost in the Great Storm of 1987 along the Ladies' Mile on

Southsea Southsea is a seaside resort and a geographic area of Portsmouth, Portsea Island in the ceremonial county of Hampshire, England. Southsea is located 1.8 miles (2.8 km) to the south of Portsmouth's inner city-centre. Southsea began as a f ...

Common. There are also large plantings at

Ealing Ealing () is a district in west London (sub-region), west London, England, west of Charing Cross in the London Borough of Ealing. It is the administrative centre of the borough and is identified as a major metropolitan centre in the London Pl ...

and

Primrose Hill Primrose Hill is a Grade II listed public park located north of Regent's Park in London, England, first opened to the public in 1842.Mills, A., ''Dictionary of London Place Names'', (2001) It was named after the natural hill in the centre of t ...

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

Brighton & Hove Brighton and Hove ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority area, ceremonially in East Sussex, England. There are multiple villages alongside the seaside resorts of Brighton and Hove in the district. It is administe ...

, and

Havant Havant ( ) is a town in the south-east corner of Hampshire, England. Nearby places include Portsmouth to the south-west, Southampton to the west, Waterlooville to north, Chichester to the east and Hayling Island to the south. The wider borough ...

. 'Lobel' was included in trial

in

Canberra Canberra ( ; ) is the capital city of Australia. Founded following the Federation of Australia, federation of the colonies of Australia as the seat of government for the new nation, it is Australia's list of cities in Australia, largest in ...

, Australia, started in 1988 but has not thrived in that environment. 'Lobel' was introduced to North America in 1991 when Heybroek donated material to the North Central Regional PI Station,

Iowa State University Iowa State University of Science and Technology (Iowa State University, Iowa State, or ISU) is a Public university, public land-grant university, land-grant research university in Ames, Iowa, United States. Founded in 1858 as the Iowa Agricult ...

, but the tree is not known to have been commercially released there.Gibbs, J. N., Brasier, C. M., McNabb Jnr., H.S., and Heybroek, H. M. (1975). Further studies on the pathenogenicity in Ceratocystis ulmi. ''Europ. Journ. Forest. Path.'' 5 (3): 161–174. File:Ulmus 'Lobel' Bruns nurseries Bad Zwischenahn 2010.08.07.JPG, 'Lobel', Bruns nurseries, Bad Zwischenahn File:Nine Elms British Cem.5.JPG, 'Lobel', Nine Elms British Cemetery,

Poperinge Poperinge (; , ; ) is a City status in Belgium, city and Municipalities of Belgium, municipality located in the Belgium, Belgian province of West Flanders, Flemish Region, and has a history going back to medieval times. The municipality comprises ...

(2009) File:Snekertrekweg Leeuwarden 2015.jpg, 'Lobel', Snekertrekweg,

Leeuwarden Leeuwarden (; ; ; ) is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in Friesland, Netherlands, with a population of 127,073 (2023). It is the provincial capital and seat of the Provin ...

(2015) File:Gertrudiskerk en Jonkerschap.jpg, 'Lobel' by Gertrudiskerk, Jonkerschap, Achlum, Friesland (2022) File:Avenue of Ulmus 'Lobel', Ladies Mile, Southsea, UK.jpg, Wind-pruned avenue of 'Lobel', Southsea, UK

Etymology

The tree is named for

Matthias de L'obel Mathias de l'Obel, Mathias de Lobel or Matthaeus Lobelius (1538 – 3 March 1616) was a Flemish physician and plant enthusiast who was born in Lille, Flanders, in what is now Hauts-de-France, France, and died at Highgate, London, England. H ...

, the Flemish botanist also commemorated by the genus

Lobelia ''Lobelia'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae comprising 415 species, with a subcosmopolitan distribution primarily in tropical to warm temperate regions of the world, a few species extending into cooler temperate r ...

Accessions

North America

*North Central Regional PI Station Arboretum, ARS,

Ames AMES, short Air Ministry Experimental Station, was the name given to the British Air Ministry's radar development team at Bawdsey Manor (afterwards RAF Bawdsey) in the immediate pre-World War II era. The team was forced to move on three occasion ...

, US. Acc. no. Ames 24988

Europe

* Arboretum de La Petite Loiteriebr>
Monthodon, France. No details available *

City Council, UK.

NCCPG Plant Heritage, formerly known as the National Council for the Conservation of Plants and Gardens (NCCPG), is a registered charity and a botanical conservation organisation in the United Kingdom. It was founded in 1978 to combine the talents of bot ...

Elm Collection. *

Grange Farm Arboretum The Grange Farm Arboretum is a small private arboretum comprising 3 hectares accommodating over 800 trees, mostly native and ornamental species or cultivars, notably oaks, ashes, walnuts and elms, growing on a calcareous loam.Ostler, J. (2009) ...

br>

Sutton St. James Sutton St James is a village and civil parish in the South Holland district of Lincolnshire, England, about south-west of Long Sutton. Lying in the Lincolnshire Fens, Sutton St James did not exist at the time of the 1086 ''Domesday Book''. Su ...

, Spalding, Lincs., UK. Acc. no. 821. *

Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. An internationally important botanical research and education institution, it employs 1,100 ...

, UK. Acc. no. 1980.729 *

Wijdemeren City Council Wijdemeren () is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland, on the western border of the Gooi region. Wijdemeren contains many lakes, including ''Spiegelplas'' and ''Ankeveense Plassen'' in the north(east) and ''Loosdrech ...

, Netherlands. Elm collection; 't Jagerspaadje (2010) and ‘s-Gravelandsevaartweg (2016) Loosdrecht; Trapgans (2007), Ankeveen.

References

{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars , state=collapsed Hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus articles with images Ulmus