''Ulmus'' 'Karagatch' is a
hybrid
Hybrid may refer to:
Science
* Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding
** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species
** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two diff ...
cultivar
A cultivar is a kind of Horticulture, cultivated plant that people have selected for desired phenotypic trait, traits and which retains those traits when Plant propagation, propagated. Methods used to propagate cultivars include division, root a ...
from
Turkestan
Turkestan,; ; ; ; also spelled Turkistan, is a historical region in Central Asia corresponding to the regions of Transoxiana and East Turkestan (Xinjiang). The region is located in the northwest of modern day China and to the northwest of its ...
(from a region now part of
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west. Ash ...
), selected in the early 20th century and considered either a
backcrossing
Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, to achieve offspring with a genetic identity closer to that of the parent. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding, and produc ...
of
''U.'' × ''androssowii'' and
''U. pumila'', or simply a cultivar of × ''androssowii''. It was grown from seeds, introduced from
Bairam Ali in Russian Turkestan by Arthur P. Davis in the 1930s, as ''U.'' 'Karagatch', under which name it was planted at
Kew
Kew () is a district in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Its population at the 2011 census was 11,436. Kew is the location of the Royal Botanic Gardens ("Kew Gardens"), now a World Heritage Site, which includes Kew Palace. Kew is ...
.
[ More, D. & White, J. (2013). ''Illustrated Trees of Britain and Northern Europe'', p.409. Cassells, London.][''New Plant Introductions: Descriptions of Imported Seeds and Plants'']
US Dept. of Agriculture, Washington 1917
Description
The Kew specimen had the appearance of a northern European field elm, more tall than broad.
[ 'Karagatch' was described by the US Department of Agriculture (1917) as a "rapid-growing elm", suitable for semi-arid regions, with harder wood than that of American Elm.][
File:Ulmus 'Karagatch' (1990). Kew Gardens.jpg, 'Karagatch' at Kew Gardens, 1990][ Juvenile long shoot (?); sheet described as 'Karagatch elm'; Den Haag specimen via Kew Gardens, 1931]
Pests and diseases
No information available.
Cultivation
'Karagatch' was present at Kew and in The Hague from the early 1930s.
Etymology
The name 'karagatch' (:'black tree' in the Turkic languages, widely used for 'elm') has historically also been applied to Ulmus minor 'Umbraculifera', ''U. minor'' 'Umbraculifera' (syn. ''U. densa'') from the same regio
and more loosely to field elm found in Turkey and to ''U. pumila'' found in Mongolia.[ de Roerich, G. (1931). ''Trails to Inmost Asia.'' Yale University Press.]
Accessions
North America
*Morton Arboretum, US. As ''Ulmus × androssowii'' × ''U. pumila'' hybrid. Acc. no. 353–7
Europe
*Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. details not known.
*Wijdemeren City Council, Netherlands. Elm collection, ‘s-Gravelandsevaartweg, Loosdrecht, five trees planted 2016
References
{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars , state=collapsed
Hybrid elm cultivar
Ulmus articles with images
Ulmus