USS Parche (SSN-683)

USS ''Parche'' (SSN-683), a , was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the parche , a small, coral reef butterfly fish. ''Parche'' was launched on 13 January 1973, sponsored by Natalie Beshany, the wife of vice admiral Philip A. Beshany, and commissioned on 17 August 1974.

Attributed as being a key resource of the National Underwater Reconnaissance Office, ''Parche'' is said to be "the most highly decorated vessel in U.S. history."

Operational history

1974–1979

''Parche'' served as a unit of the United States Atlantic Fleet Submarine Force from 1974 until 1976, before transferring to the United States Pacific Fleet in October 1976. Once arriving at her new home port at Mare Island Naval Shipyard in Vallejo, California, ''Parche'' received ocean engineering modifications. ''Parche'' deployed on a shakedown training cruise in August and September 1978.

Operation Ivy Bells, 1979

In the book '' Blind Man's Bluff'', it is claimed that ''Parche'' successfully tapped into Soviet underwater military communication cables in the Sea of Okhotsk as part of Operation Ivy Bells.

1979–2004

During her career, ''Parche'' was ostensibly involved in recovering Soviet missile fragments from the seabed following test launches. While missile fragments were indeed collected in large numbers, ''Parches primary missions typically revolved around the setting and retrieving of wire taps placed on Soviet underwater communication cables. Much of her operational history was spent undertaking clandestine missions, and as of late 2009, a vast majority of the missions undertaken remain classified.

From 1987 to 1991, ''Parche'' underwent an extended refueling overhaul at Mare Island Naval Shipyard during which she was modified for research and development work. An extension measuring was added to her hull just forward of her sail. The added section was flat-topped (looking somewhat like the missile deck of a ballistic missile submarine) and provided the space required to support a larger crew and additional equipment. These additions included an extensive array of signals-intelligence-collecting antennas, electronic gear, and other navigational and ocean engineering equipment. The overhaul also added many auxiliary navigational and maneuvering features, including both upward and forward-facing short-range sonars, and a suite of armored spotlights and closed-circuit television cameras for under-ice operations.Sontag, S.; Drew, C.; Drew, A. L. (1998). '' Blind Man's Bluff: The Untold Story of American Submarine Espionage''. Harper. .

Upon completion of her modifications in 1991, ''Parche'' began a new mission as part of Submarine Development Squadron 5. She resumed operations in the Pacific Fleet in 1992.

''Parche'' was transferred to a new home port, Naval Base Kitsap at Bangor, Washington, in November 1994.

''Parche'' may have recovered Chinese missile fragments. During the Third Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1995 and 1996, the People's Republic of China launched DF-21 and DF-15 ballistic missiles into the sea surrounding Taiwan to deter Taiwan from moving toward independence; Robert Karniol writes: "I suspect that "the ''Parche'' might have gone after these Chinese missile fragments", and "I suspect that Beijing gave away some useful missile secrets."

Decommissioning and disposal

On 19 October 2004, a decommissioning ceremony took place at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard at Bremerton, Washington; she was officially decommissioned on 18 July 2005 and stricken from the Naval Vessel Register the same day. The wardroom of the oldest submarine in the fleet carries Richard O'Kane's personal cribbage board, and upon ''Parche''s decommissioning the board was transferred to the next oldest boat: . Her scrapping at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard via the Ship and Submarine Recycling Program was completed on 30 November 2006.

''Parche''s research and development duties were assumed by , a whose construction period was extended to include modifications that will allow her to carry out the same types of research and development. According to Robert Karniol, ''Jimmy Carter'' in succeeding ''Parche,'' has become "Washingtons premier spy submarine."

Military awards

As of 2007, ''Parche'' was said to be "the most highly decorated vessel in U.S. history", receiving a total of nine Presidential Unit Citations and ten Navy Unit Commendations. The submarine also received thirteen Navy Expeditionary Medals and thirteen awards of the Battle Efficiency Award during her thirty years of service.

Commemoration

''Parche''s sail was preserved. It was moved from Puget Sound Naval Shipyard to the maritime park near Puget Sound Navy Museum in downtown Bremerton. The sail is decorated with stripes for the unit awards and ribbons:

Notes

References

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NavSource Online: Submarine Photo Archive Parche (SSN-683)

External links

Red November, Inside the Secret U.S. Soviet Submarine War

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parche (Ssn-683)
Ships built in Pascagoula, Mississippi
Sturgeon-class submarines
Cold War submarines of the United States
Nuclear submarines of the United States Navy
1973 ships