USS ''Concord'' was a wooden-hulled, three-masted

sloop-of-war In the 18th century and most of the 19th, a sloop-of-war in the Royal Navy was a warship with a single gun deck that carried up to eighteen guns. The rating system covered all vessels with 20 guns and above; thus, the term ''sloop-of-war'' enc ...

of the United States Navy, launched on 24 September 1828 from the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine. She was the first US Navy vessel to bear the name 'Concord' and was so named after the town of Concord for its role at the beginning of the American Revolution. The vessel had a tonnage of 700. The ''Concord'' had a complement of 190 officers and seamen with an armament of 20 guns and saw service protecting American merchant ships and other interests in several places around the world. The ship and her crew, who also functioned as Marines, fought in the Seminole Wars in Florida. ''Concord'' ran aground while on a patrolling mission along the African coast. Despite determined efforts from the crew, with three losing their lives in the process, the ''Concord'' was unable to be refloated. U.S.Navy, DANFS, Concord prgh.2 It was the first ship christened by a woman. Sloop-of-war ''Concord'', launched in 1828, was "christened by a young lady of Portsmouth." This is the first known instance of a woman sponsoring a United States Navy vessel. Unfortunately, the contemporary account does not name this pioneer female sponsor ( Ceremonial ship launching).

Characteristics

As a sloop of war, ''Concord'' was a three-masted ship of 700

tons Tons can refer to: * Tons River, a major river in India * Tamsa River, locally called Tons in its lower parts (Allahabad district, Uttar pradesh, India). * the plural of ton, a unit of mass, force, volume, energy or power :* short ton, 2,000 poun ...

and was a smaller vessel compared to

frigate A frigate () is a type of warship. In different eras, the roles and capabilities of ships classified as frigates have varied somewhat. The name frigate in the 17th to early 18th centuries was given to any full-rigged ship built for speed and ...

s and

ships of the line A ship of the line was a type of naval warship constructed during the Age of Sail from the 17th century to the mid-19th century. The ship of the line was designed for the naval tactic known as the line of battle, which depended on the two colum ...

, which generally measured 1500 and 2200 tons respectively. The sloop type provoked dissatisfaction, due to the navy board's insistence that they be made to carry 24 guns, despite their dimensions making them better suited to carrying 20 guns. They were criticized for being slow, due in part to their full after body and often being overloaded, a practice typical of vessels in a navy during peace time. ''Concord'' as designed was 127 feet long, but had a draft of 16 feet, resulting in an increase in displacement without an increase in length. Chapelle, 1949 pp. 358

History

The ''Concord'' was commissioned on 7 May 1830 with a crew of 190 men and placed under the command of Commodore Matthew C. Perry and saw service as part of the US squadron in the Mediterranean Sea from 22 April 1830 to 10 December 1832. Under Perry's command the ''Concord'' was used to transport the US envoy John Randolph of Roanoke, Virginia, to the Imperial Russian court at St. Petersburg in 1832. The ship's naval surgeon was William Turk of Whitehall, New York, who kept a log book detailing names of officers, crew illness and the various treatments administered, weather conditions, and accounts of local events at various ports along their journey. In 1835, the ''Concord'' was ordered to the western Florida coast at the beginning of the

Second Seminole War The Second Seminole War, also known as the Florida War, was a conflict from 1835 to 1842 in Florida between the United States and groups collectively known as Seminoles, consisting of Native Americans in the United States, Native Americans and ...

to survey the rivers, inlets, and bars along that stretch of the Florida seaboard. Because of the extreme shortage of trained soldiers in the territory a Commodore Alexander J. Dallas agreed to provide crewmen from the ''Concord'' to assist in the fighting against the Seminole Indians. In January 1837 some 50 Sailors from the ''Concord's'' crew under the command of Lieutenant Thomas J. Leib were sent north from

Tampa Tampa () is a city on the Gulf Coast of the U.S. state of Florida. The city's borders include the north shore of Tampa Bay and the east shore of Old Tampa Bay. Tampa is the largest city in the Tampa Bay area and the seat of Hillsborough County ...

to the newly completed Fort Foster at the Hillsborough River Bridge to relieve the troops of the

garrison A garrison (from the French ''garnison'', itself from the verb ''garnir'', "to equip") is any body of troops stationed in a particular location, originally to guard it. The term now often applies to certain facilities that constitute a mil ...

there so those Soldiers could search the surrounding swamps for the Seminoles who had been harassing the fort and other locations in the area. The Sailors along with the Artillerymen were successful in repelling hostile Seminoles when they attempted to burn the bridge. In February, from the cover of the forest treeline, the hostiles had been firing their muskets and rifles at the men in the fort for quite sometime. It came to a head when the Seminole became brave enough to make an attempt to set fire to the bridge. This attempt was met with canister shot from the cannons within the blockhouses and some highly aggressive musket fire from the Sailors of the Concord. It was soon after this attack, about 180 Marines arrived from Fort Brooke to relieve the Naval garrison. The Sailors served there for three months with 20 Artillerymen before returning to the ''Concord'' where they set sail west to the Mexican coast to protect American shipping interests there. The ''Concord'' also saw service in the West Indies from 1836 to 1837 and again in 1838, and at the

Brazil station The Brazil Squadron, the Brazil Station, or the South Atlantic Squadron was an overseas military station established by the United States in 1826 to protect American commerce in the South Atlantic during a war between Brazil and Argentina. When ...

in 1842 protecting American commerce in the South Atlantic, and finally in the waters between Madagascar and Mozambique in 1842, protecting a fleet of American whaling ships. In late 1838 the ''Concord'' again returned to the waters off the western Florida coast to prevent agents working for the Spanish and British from smuggling gunpowder, shot and other supplies to the hostile Seminoles.

Fate

On 2 November 1842, while under the command of Commander William Boerum, the ''Concord'' ran aground on a sandbar at the mouth of the Ligonha River in Mozambique. Three crew members died during unsuccessful attempts to re-float the ship. Among them was her captain, when they were swept away by strong currents while they were trying to make their way to shore crossing the sandbar. Boerum was replaced by Lieutenant J. M. Gardner, who decided that the situation was hopeless, and consequently the ''Concord'' was abandoned by the remainder of her crew. Gardner then chartered the Portuguese

brig A brig is a type of sailing vessel defined by its rig: two masts which are both square rig, square-rigged. Brigs originated in the second half of the 18th century and were a common type of smaller merchant vessel or warship from then until the ...

''Unao'' to take the crew of the ''Concord'' to Rio de Janeiro. Among the officers who also served aboard the ship was

Midshipman A midshipman is an officer of the lowest rank, in the Royal Navy, United States Navy, and many Commonwealth navies. Commonwealth countries which use the rank include Canada (Naval Cadet), Australia, Bangladesh, Namibia, New Zealand, South Afr ...

John Rodgers, son of the famous Commodore John Rodgers who served in the War of 1812. Paullin, 1910 p.55

References

Notes

Bibliography

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External links

Commodore Matthew C. Perry; Department of the Navy, Naval Historical CenterStation Bills of the U.S.S. Concord, 1831-1833 (approximate), MS 55
held by Special Collections & Archives, Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy {{DEFAULTSORT:Concord, Uss (1828) Sloops of the United States Navy 1828 ships Ships built in Kittery, Maine Maritime incidents in October 1842 Shipwrecks in the Indian Ocean