The USP, for Universal Space Platform (

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

: ), also known as Viktoria (), is a highly flexible

satellite bus A satellite bus (or spacecraft bus) is the main body and structural component of a satellite or spacecraft, in which the payload and all scientific instruments are held. Bus-derived satellites are opposed to specially produced satellites. Bus-d ...

designed and manufactured by

RSC Energia PAO S. P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (russian: Ракетно-космическая корпорация «Энергия» им. С. П. Королёва, Raketno-kosmicheskaya korporatsiya "Energiya" im. S. P. Korolyov ...

. It is called universal because it has been designed to be operated from LEO to

GEO Geo- is a prefix derived from the Greek word ''γη'' or ''γαια'', meaning "earth", usually in the sense of "ground or land”. GEO or Geo may also refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''GEO'' (magazine), a popular scientific magazine ...

. It is a three axis stabilized platform with

electric propulsion Spacecraft electric propulsion (or just electric propulsion) is a type of spacecraft propulsion technique that uses electrostatic or electromagnetic fields to accelerate mass to high speed and thus generate thrust to modify the velocity of a sp ...

for station keeping, but

chemical propellant A propellant (or propellent) is a mass that is expelled or expanded in such a way as to create a thrust or other motive force in accordance with Newton's third law of motion, and "propel" a vehicle, projectile, or fluid payload. In vehicles, the e ...

is offered as an option. The bus can offer up to 3000 W of power and a payload capacity up to for Low Earth orbit or

HEO Heo is a family name in Korea. It is also often spelled as Hur or Huh, or less commonly as Her. In South Korea in 1985, out of a population of between roughly 40 and 45 million, there were approximately 264,000 people surnamed Heo. The name is al ...

an up to for geostationary orbit. The platform is designed for direct orbital injection, and thus lacks

orbit raising In celestial mechanics, an orbit is the curved trajectory of an physical body, object such as the trajectory of a planet around a star, or of a natural satellite around a planet, or of an satellite, artificial satellite around an object or pos ...

propulsion. It does however, support dual launching on

Proton-M The Proton-M, (Протон-М) GRAU index 8K82M or , is an expendable Russian heavy-lift launch vehicle derived from the Soviet-developed Proton. It is built by Khrunichev, and launched from sites 81 and 200 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kaz ...

, which can enable cheap launching, or the use of smaller vehicles like the

Soyuz-2.1b Soyuz-2 (GRAU index 14A14) is a modernized version of the Soviet Soyuz rocket. In its basic form, it is a three-stage launch vehicle for placing payloads into low Earth orbit. Compared to the previous versions of the Soyuz, the first-stage bo ...

/ Fregat-M or even the

Dnepr Dnepr may refer to: *Dnieper, a river flowing through Russia, Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea * Dnepr (motorcycle), a Ukraininan motocycle brand * Dnepr (rocket), a 1999 space launch vehicle *Dnepr radar Dnepr may refer to: *Dnieper, a river ...

for low energy orbits.

List of USP bus satellites

While not the most successful satellite bus, the USP is characterized by its commercial beginnings and the huge orbital flexibility.

External links

RSC Energia USP page

References

{{Reflist, 30em, refs= {{cite web , url=http://www.digitaltveurope.net/189962/russian-satellite-failure-leads-to-channels-move/ , title=Russian satellite failure leads to channels move , publisher=DigitalTVEurope.NET , date=June 9, 2014 , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/usp.html , title=Universal Space Platform , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_01.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite Satellite Components , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_02.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite Bus Module , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://www.energia.ru/en/automatic/yamal-200_03.html , title=YAMAL-200 Communications Satellite Payload module , publisher=RSC Energia , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://www.gazprom-spacesystems.ru/en/infrastructure/?ELEMENT_ID=4142 , title=Yamal-202 technical performance , publisher=Gazprom Space Systems , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=BelKa 1 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/belka-1.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=AngoSat 1 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/angosat-1.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=RKK Energiya: USP (Victoria) , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sat/energiya_usp.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2015-10-16 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Tundra (EKS, 14F142) , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/tundra.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 101, 102 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-101.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 201, 203 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-201.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 202, 204 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-202.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 301 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-301.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Krebs , first1=Gunter Dirk , title=Yamal 302 , url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/yamal-302.htm , website=Gunter's Space Page , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=2016-04-17 {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Le satellite BelKA/Historique , trans-title=The history of the BelKa satellite , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/belka/1.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/Nécessité de renouvellement , trans-title=Yamal/History/The necessity of renewal , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/1.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/La plate-forme universelle , trans-title=Yamal/History/The universal platform , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/2.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/Premier tir, premier revers , trans-title=Yamal/History/The first setbacks , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/3.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/La deuxième génération , trans-title=Yamal/History/The second generation , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/4.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Pillet , first1=Nicolas , title=Yamal/Historie/Les Yamal-300 , trans-title=Yamal/History/The Yamal-300 , url=http://www.kosmonavtika.com/satellites/yamal/histoire/5.html , website=Kosmonavtika , language=fr , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , url=http://ria.ru/space/20151006/1297681241.html , title=Спутник "Энергия-100" планируют запустить с "Восточного" в 2018 году , trans-title=Energia-100 satellite planned for a 2018 launch from Vostochny , publisher=Ria Novosti , date=October 6, 2015 , language=ru , access-date=2016-07-20 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=BelKA , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/belka.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=December 17, 2012 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=First launch into the EKS constellation , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/eks-tundra-kosmos2510.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=December 7, 2015 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=Development of the EKS system , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/eks-origin.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=November 19, 2015 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=Proton missions in 2003 , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/proton_2003.html#yamal200 , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=March 9, 2016 {{cite web , last1=Zak , first1=Anatoly , title=Yamal communication satellites , url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/yamal.html , website=RussiaSpaceWeb.com , access-date=2016-07-20 , date=April 21, 2016 {{cite web, title=Angosat 1 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?id=2688 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=19 July 2016 {{cite web, title=Yamal 101 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=25896 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=20 July 2016 {{cite web, title=Yamal 201 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=28094 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=20 July 2016 {{cite web, title=Yamal 201 , url=https://www.satbeams.com/satellites?norad=28089 , publisher=Satbeams , access-date=20 July 2016 {{cite web , url=http://seradata.com/SSI/2014/06/yamal-201-may-have-failed-in-orbit-as-customers-are-moved-to-other-satellites/ , last=Todd , first=David , title=Yamal 201 may have failed in orbit as customers are moved to other satellites , publisher=Seradata Space Intelligence , date=June 10, 2014 , access-date=2016-07-20 Satellite buses Communications satellites Satellites of Russia

List of USP bus satellites

See also

External links

References