USCGC Tallapoosa (WPG-52)

USCGC ''Tallapoosa'' (WPG-52) was a United States Coast Guard cutter of the ''Tallapoosa''-class and was designed to replace the revenue cutter . Her hull was reinforced for light icebreaking. She was initially stationed at Mobile, Alabama, with cruising grounds to Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, and Fowey Rocks, Florida. During World War I she escorted convoys out of Halifax, Nova Scotia. After the war she served with the Bering Sea Patrol before returning to Savannah, Georgia, before World War II. During the war ''Tallapoosa'' assisted with convoy escort duty and anti-submarine patrols.

History

''Tallapoosa'' left Newport News, Virginia towed by USGCC ''Apache'' on 16 July 1915 and arrived at the Coast Guard Depot at Curtis Bay, Maryland, the following day. The officers and crew of ''Winona'' were transferred to her on 18 July and she was placed in commission at the depot 12 August 1915. She was assigned her first homeport at Mobile, Alabama on 17 August 1915. During this period she made search and rescue patrols between Port Eads, Louisiana, and Tampa, Florida. On 18 November 1915 she transported the National Currency Association of Alabama on a tour and inspection of the harbor of Mobile. On 19 January 1916 she participated in the celebration of the completion of the Gulf, Florida and Alabama Railroad held at Pensacola, Florida. On 6–7 March 1916 and on 19–20 February 1917, she participated in the Mardi Gras celebration at Mobile, Alabama.Record of Movements, pp 432–433

U.S. Navy service during World War I

From 6 April 1917 until 28 August 1919, the U.S. Coast Guard was temporarily under the control of the U.S. Navy Department. On the morning of 9 April, crew members from ''Tallapoosa'' and boarded the Austrian steamer ''Borneo'' in Hillsboro Bay near Tampa and seized the ship and arrested the crew. ''Borneo'' was turned over to customs authorities and the crew was left in the custody of local authorities.Larzelere, p 38 After the seizure, ''Tallapoosa'' was assigned patrol duties on the approaches to Tampa harbor and the entrance to Egmont Key. Her commanding officer, First Lieutenant James F. Hottel, was assigned by the Seventh Naval District commander to inspect all motor boats used by the Navy in the Tampa area. In addition, he was responsible for recruiting personnel for the U.S. Naval Reserve. At the end of July 1917 ''Tallapoosa'' was transferred to Patrol Squadron One located at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.Larzelere, p 86 In late August, she took the seized German steamship ''Constantia'' in tow at Cienfuegos, Cuba and delivered her to the naval station at New Orleans, Louisiana, on 8 September.Larzelere, p 95 ''Tallapoosa'' was then assigned to Key West, Florida, where the Navy used her for search and rescue work and towing. She towed barges from Key West to Norfolk, from New Orleans to Bermuda, and from Panama to Norfolk. After repairs at the Coast Guard Depot, she towed the naval ordnance barge ''Sargent'' from the Washington Navy Yard to New London, Connecticut and Portsmouth, New Hampshire.

In September 1918 she was sent to Boston, Massachusetts, where a battery of 3-inch guns were installed along with depth charges and releasing gear. On 7 November she was transferred to Halifax, Nova Scotia, for anti-submarine operations. After the armistice was signed ending the war on 11 November, she participated in search and rescue work in the North Atlantic. The cutter was almost crushed by ice during one incident involving the rescue of a group of stranded fishermen near Forteau Harbor. After breaking through the ice to the village and giving food and medical supplies to the natives and picking up the fishermen, she was caught in a snow storm in the sub-zero weather and almost crushed by ice before she could return to Halifax.

Postwar Gulf of Mexico service

On 4 March 1920, ''Tallapoosa'' resumed her patrols and returned to her old home port of Mobile. On 11 October 1920, she was assigned to the Gulf Division. On 3 August 1921 ''Tallapoosa'' arrived at Norfolk, Virginia, towing sub chasers, on the 29th she arrived at Tampa towing the cutter ''Arrow'' from Key West. On 3 December 1922, she returned to Key West from a cruise to Sanibel, Florida. On 10 December her cruising district was again established as that portion of the coast bordering on the Gulf of Mexico and extending from Port Eads to Tampa, with headquarters still at Mobile, Alabama. On 30 January 1924, ''Tallapoosa'' participated in the Gasparilla Carnival at Tampa. Sometime in 1924 she was in a collision with Japanese cargo ship off Pensacola, Florida, resulting in some damage to Malta Maru. On 23 February 1925, she also participated in the Mardi Gras celebration at Mobile. During September 1926 she was part of a task force organized to aid hurricane victims in Florida; her crew helping maintain order, improvising hospitals, and assisting in the search for the missing.Johnson, p 99 On 2 January 1929, her permanent station was changed to Key West. On 9 November 1929 ''Tallapoosa'' arrived at the Coast Guard Depot where she underwent extensive repairs and alterations in preparation for assignment to the Bering Sea Patrol She departed for her new home port at Juneau, Alaska, on 10 December 1930, arriving there on 6 February 1931.

Bering Sea Patrol

''Tallapoosa'' departed Juneau on 13 April 1931 for Dixon Entrance on Bering Sea Patrol duty. The next few years were spent doing sealing patrols and treaty enforcement in Alaskan waters, with occasional trips to Seattle, Washington, for drydocking and repair.

Savannah, Georgia

''Tallapoosa'' departed Seattle for hew new permanent station at Savannah, Georgia, on 7 August 1937 and arrived at Savannah on 24 October. She spent the winter of 1939–1940 cruising on search and rescue missions in the Jacksonville, Florida, area. From 24 October 1940 to 24 November 1940, ''Tallapoosa'' spent time being rearmed at the plant of Todd Shipyard, Inc., at Algiers, Louisiana.

U.S. Navy service during World War II

In March 1941, Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau Jr. considered ''Tallapoosa'' and sister ship along with and several other older cutters to be included in a Lend-lease agreement with Great Britain, but they were considered too old to be of much service and were retained by the Coast Guard. Ten newer Lake-class cutters were sent to the Lend-lease program instead.Johnson, pp 182–183Walling, p 14 ''Tallapoosa'' remained in the 6th Naval District throughout World War II where she engaged in convoy and anti-submarine work. Between 30 May and 22 June 1942, she searched small areas where submarines had been sighted, but with negative results. She was rearmed, repaired, and altered at Merrill-Stevens Drydock & Repair Co. at Jacksonville late in 1942. Beginning in November 1942 ''Tallapoosa'' was assigned anti-submarine patrols in the Charleston, South Carolina area and some convoy escort duty. Although she reported several possible sonar contacts with submarines they did not result in any confirmed kills.

During January 1943, the principal activity of ''Tallapoosa'' was as an observing vessel for tests in connection with shore blackouts. She operated from the section base at Mayport, Florida, making nightly trips to a position south at St. John's light vessel, sometimes accompanied by ; which acted as a "target" vessel. The US Army Corps of Engineers made various arrangements of shore lighting in the vicinity of Jacksonville Beach, Florida. These lights varied in intensity and were measured aboard the cutter from seaward by civilian experts using photometers to determine the amount of light constituting a hazard to a merchant vessel passing between a submarine and a shore light. On one occasion the visibility of various navigational aids was tested. Proceeding to Jacksonville after three tests, the cutter underwent repairs until 28 February 1943, when she returned to her anti-submarine patrols in the 6th Naval District until the fall of 1945, when she was sent to Curtis Bay, Maryland, for decommissioning.

Decommissioning

''Tallapoosa'' was decommissioned on 18 November 1945. On 22 July 1946 ''Tallapoosa'' was sold to the Caribbean Fruit and Steamship Company and renamed ''Santa Maria''.Scheina(1990), p 36

''Tallapoosa''s ships bell now resides in Tallapoosa, Georgia."U.S. Cutter Tallapoosa 1915 (Bell)", Tallapoosa, Georgia website

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External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tallappoosa (Wpg-52)
Tallapoosa-class cutters
Ships of the United States Coast Guard
1915 ships