BRCA1-A complex subunit RAP80 is a

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''UIMC1''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...

Repair of DNA damage

RAP80, the protein product of the UIMC1 gene, is a core component of the deubiquitin complex BRCA1-A.Rabl J. BRCA1-A and BRISC: Multifunctional Molecular Machines for Ubiquitin Signaling. Biomolecules. 2020 Oct 31;10(11):1503. doi: 10.3390/biom10111503. PMID: 33142801; PMCID: PMC7692841 Other core components of the BRCA1-A complex are the BRCC36 protein (

BRCC3 Lys-63-specific deubiquitinase BRCC36 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''BRCC3'' gene. Function This gene encodes a subunit of the BRCA1-BRCA2-containing complex (BRCC), which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase. This protein is also though ...

gene), BRE protein (

BRE (gene) BRCA1-A complex subunit BRE is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRE'' gene. Repair of DNA damage BRE, the protein product of the BRE (gene), is a core component of the deubiquitin complex BRCA1-A. Other core components of the BRCA1-A ...

), and MERIT40 protein (

BABAM1 BRCA1-A complex subunit MERIT40 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BABAM1'' gene. Interactions BABAM1 has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with BRE (gene), BRE. Repair of DNA damage MERIT40, the protein product ...

gene).

BRCA1 Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BRCA1'' () gene. Orthologs are common in other vertebrate species, whereas invertebrate genomes may encode a more distantly related gene. ''BRCA1'' is a h ...

, as distinct from BRCA1-A, is employed in the repair of chromosomal damage with an important role in the error-free

homologous recombination Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which genetic information is exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of double-stranded or single-stranded nucleic acids (usually DNA as in cellular organisms but may ...

al (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Sequestration of BRCA1 away from the DNA damage site suppresses homologous recombination and redirects the cell in the direction of repair by the process of

non-homologous end joining Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a pathway that repairs double-strand breaks in DNA. NHEJ is referred to as "non-homologous" because the break ends are directly ligated without the need for a homologous template, in contrast to homology direct ...

(NHEJ). The role of BRCA1-A complex appears to be to bind BRCA1 with high affinity and withdraw it away from the site of DNA damage to the periphery where it remains sequestered, thus promoting NHEJ in preference to HR.

Repair of DNA damage

References

Further reading