Târgu Secuiesc (; hu, Kézdivásárhely, ; german: Szekler Neumarkt; la, Neoforum Siculorum) is a

city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

Covasna County Covasna County (, hu, Kovászna megye, ) is a county ( județ) of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Sfântu Gheorghe. Demographics In 2011, it had a population of 210,177, making it the second least populous of Romani ...

Transylvania Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the A ...

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...

. It administers one village, Lunga (''Nyujtód'').

History

The town was first mentioned in 1407 as ''Torjawasara'', meaning in Hungarian “Torja Market”. ( Torja is the name of a stream nearby and is also the Hungarian name of the nearby village Turia.) Originally, the Hungarian name Kézdivásárhely was also used in Romanian in the form Chezdi-Oșorheiu, but this was altered to Tîrgu Secuiesc (now spelled Târgu Secuiesc) after the accession to

in 1920 under the

Treaty of Trianon The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in Versailles on 4 June 1920. It forma ...

. The Hungarian native name means “Kézdi Market”, Kézdi being the name of a

Székely Székely may refer to: *Székelys, Hungarian people from the historical region of Transylvania, Romania **Székely Land, historic and ethnographic area in Transylvania, Romania * Székely (village), a village in northeastern Hungary *Székely (sur ...

“seat”, a historical administrative unit. Its status as a market town dates back to the Middle Ages. The city was taken over by Hungary during World War II, following the

Second Vienna Award The Second Vienna Award, also known as the Vienna Diktat, was the second of two territorial disputes that were arbitrated by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. On 30 August 1940, they assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania, including all o ...

of August, 1940. A small Jewish community was set up in the 1880s; it numbered 66 in 1920. In May 1944, the Hungarian authorities sent its members to the

Sfântu Gheorghe ghetto The Sfântu Gheorghe ghetto was one of the Nazi-era ghettos for European Jews during World War II. It was located in the city of Sfântu Gheorghe ( hu, Sepsiszentgyörgy) in today's Covasna County, Transylvania, now part of Romania but administere ...

, and deported them to the

Auschwitz concentration camp Auschwitz concentration camp ( (); also or ) was a complex of over 40 concentration and extermination camps operated by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland (in a portion annexed into Germany in 1939) during World War II and the Holocaust. I ...

the following month.Shmuel Spector, Geoffrey Wigoder (eds.), ''The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust: Seredina-Buda—Z'', p. 1290. NYU Press, 2001, Sovereignty was restored to Romania following the war.

Demographics

According to the 2011

census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses inc ...

, the town had a population of 18,491. Of the residents for whom data were available, 91.1% were Székely Hungarians, 7.2%

Romanians The Romanians ( ro, români, ; dated exonym '' Vlachs'') are a Romance-speaking ethnic group. Sharing a common Romanian culture and ancestry, and speaking the Romanian language, they live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2011 Romania ...

, and 1.6%

Roma Roma or ROMA may refer to: Places Australia * Roma, Queensland, a town ** Roma Airport ** Roma Courthouse ** Electoral district of Roma, defunct ** Town of Roma, defunct town, now part of the Maranoa Regional Council * Roma Street, Brisbane, a ...

.Tab8. Populaţia stabilă după etnie – judeţe, municipii, oraşe, comune
2011 census results,

Institutul Național de Statistică The National Institute of Statistics ( ro, Institutul Național de Statistică, INS) is a Romanian government agency which is responsible for collecting national statistics, in fields such as geography, the economy, demographics and society. The i ...

, accessed 17 February 2020. The historical demographic evolution is as follows: ''Demographic change according to census data:''
Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.6,0.7,0.8) ImageSize = width:360 height:260 PlotArea = left:50 bottom:50 top:30 right:30 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:25000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:5000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:1000 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo BarData= bar:1912 text:1912 bar:1930 text:1930 bar:1948 text:1948 bar:1956 text:1956 bar:1966 text:1966 bar:1977 text:1977 bar:1992 text:1992 bar:2002 text:2002 bar:2011 text:2011 PlotData= color:barra width:20 align:left bar:1912 from:0 till: 6079 bar:1930 from:0 till: 5107 bar:1948 from:0 till: 5424 bar:1956 from:0 till: 7500 bar:1966 from:0 till: 9502 bar:1977 from:0 till: 16320 bar:1992 from:0 till: 22912 bar:2002 from:0 till: 20488 bar:2011 from:0 till: 18491 PlotData= bar:1912 at: 6079 fontsize:S text: 6,079 shift:(-7,5) bar:1930 at: 5107 fontsize:S text: 5,107 shift:(-11,5) bar:1948 at: 5424 fontsize:S text: 5,424 shift:(-13,5) bar:1956 at: 7500 fontsize:S text: 7,500 shift:(-13,5) bar:1966 at: 9502 fontsize:S text: 9,502 shift:(-13,5) bar:1977 at: 16320 fontsize:S text: 16,320 shift:(-15,5) bar:1992 at: 22912 fontsize:S text: 22,912 shift:(-15,5) bar:2002 at: 20488 fontsize:S text: 20,488 shift:(-15,5) bar:2011 at: 18491 fontsize:S text: 18,491 shift:(-15,5) TextData= fontsize:S pos:(20,20) text:Census data. Graphics made by Wikipedia.

Natives

* Etele Baláska * János Balogh * Andrei Cadar * Róbert Elek *

Tiberiu Ghioane Tiberiu Ghioane (born 18 June 1981) is a Romanian former professional footballer. He played most of his career for Dynamo Kyiv as a defensive midfielder before retiring from football in July 2011. Club career Ghioane was born in Târgu Secuies ...

Kató Havas Kató Havas (5 November 1920 – 31 December 2018) was a Hungarian classical violinist and a teacher of both the violin and viola who developed the "New Approach to violin playing" to help prevent physical injuries and eliminate stage fright relate ...

* Gergely Kovács *

Béla Markó Béla Markó (born September 8, 1951 in Târgu Secuiesc, Covasna County, Socialist Republic of Romania) is a Romanian politician and writer of Hungarian ethnicity. The former leader of the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR), h ...

* Roland Niczuly * Ioan Robu * Árpád Szántó * Nándor Tamás * Gábor Vajna

Education

Despite its relatively small size the town has a few notable high schools: Nagy Mózes, Bod Péter, Apor Péter and Gábor Áron, all bearing the names of important Székely historical personalities. Because of this, Târgu Secuiesc is considered the educational center of the north eastern part of the county.

Gallery

Image:Kezdi centre1.JPG, City center Image:Kezdi centre2.JPG, City center Image:Kezdi centre8.jpg, Cultural Center File:Children inside Sala Polivalenta Sportsarnok.jpg, Children inside Sala Polivalenta Sporting Hall File:Autonomy of Székely Land - Day of Székely Freedom 2013.03.10 (18).JPG, Székely Freedom Day celebration

References

External links

Official site

Kézdivásárhely Centrum City Map

Official site of the Kézdivásárhely Sportclub (KSE)

Nagy Mózes High School

Gábor Aron High School
{{DEFAULTSORT:Targu Secuiesc Populated places in Covasna County Cities in Romania Localities in Transylvania