The Treaty of Tafna was signed by both Abd-el-Kader and General

Thomas Robert Bugeaud Thomas Robert Bugeaud, marquis de la Piconnerie, duc d'Isly (15 October 178410 June 1849) was a Marshal of France and Governor-General of Algeria. Early life He was born at Limoges, a member of a noble family of Périgord (Occitania), the yo ...

on 30 May 1837. This agreement was developed after French imperial forces sustained heavy losses and military reversals in

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

. The terms of the treaty entailed Abd-el-Kader recognizing French imperial sovereignty in

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

. However, the price

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

had to pay for acquiring recognition entailed its secession of approximately two thirds of Algeria to Abd-el-Kader (the provinces of

Oran Oran ( ar, وَهران, Wahrān) is a major coastal city located in the north-west of Algeria. It is considered the second most important city of Algeria after the capital Algiers, due to its population and commercial, industrial, and cultural ...

, Koléa, Médéa,

Tlemcen Tlemcen (; ar, تلمسان, translit=Tilimsān) is the second-largest city in northwestern Algeria after Oran, and capital of the Tlemcen Province. The city has developed leather, carpet, and textile industries, which it exports through the p ...

and

Algiers Algiers ( ; ar, الجزائر, al-Jazāʾir; ber, Dzayer, script=Latn; french: Alger, ) is the capital and largest city of Algeria. The city's population at the 2008 Census was 2,988,145Census 14 April 2008: Office National des Statistiques d ...

). As a result of the treaty, France was able to maintain only a few ports. The stipulations of the treaty indicated that the French interpreted the territory of Emir Abdelkader as sovereign, thereby recognising an Algerian state.Naylor, Phillip C
Historical dictionary of Algeria. Scarecrow Press
2006. Abd-el-Kader used the treaty to consolidate his power over tribes throughout the interior, establishing new cities far from French control. He worked to motivate the population under French control to resist by peaceful and military means. Seeking to face the French against , he laid claim under the treaty to territory that included the main route between Algiers and Constantine. When French troops contested the claim in late 1839 by marching through a mountain defile known as the Iron Gates, he claimed a breach of the treaty and renewed calls for jihad.

References

Sources

*''An Account of Algeria, or the French Provinces in Africa''. Journal of the Statistical Society of London, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 115 – 126 (March 1839).

External links

Chronology: The July Monarchy (1830 - 1848)
{{Algerian resistance against French invasion Tafna 1837 in France 1837 treaties Tafna French Algeria 1837 in Algeria Algeria–France relations

See also

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