The Treaty of Munich was signed on 8 October 1619 in
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and ...
between
Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II and
Duke Maximilian of Bavaria.
Spanish
Spanish might refer to:
* Items from or related to Spain:
**Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain
**Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries
**Spanish cuisine
Other places
* Spanish, Ontario, Can ...
ambassador
Oñate persuaded Ferdinand to grant Maximilian any part of the
Electorate of the Palatinate
The Electoral Palatinate (german: Kurpfalz) or the Palatinate (), officially the Electorate of the Palatinate (), was a state that was part of the Holy Roman Empire. The electorate had its origins under the rulership of the Counts Palatine o ...
to occupy, as well as the Elector title of
Frederick V Frederick V or Friedrich V may refer to:
* Frederick V, Duke of Swabia (1164–1170)
*Frederick V, Count of Zollern (d.1289)
*Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg (c. 1333–1398), German noble
*Frederick V of Austria (1415–1493), or Frederick III ...
. Moreover, Oñate exceeded his duties by guaranteeing Ferdinand Spanish support in dealing with the
Bohemia
Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...
n rebels. Based on the terms of the treaty, Maximilian, leader of the
Catholic League, made his Bavarian forces available to Emperor Ferdinand. In return, Maximilian was granted territories in the
Palatine
A palatine or palatinus (in Latin; plural ''palatini''; cf. derivative spellings below) is a high-level official attached to imperial or royal courts in Europe since Roman times. in order to maintain his forces.
[Sutherland, p. 614. ''In electing Frederick, Bohemia formalized her connection with the militant German princes, her last remaining hope. But the Union was not militant, and Frederick had acted rashly without first securing its full support - or apparently any support at all. Yet he must have seen the cracks appearing at the Rothenburg assembly. Opposing their leaders and concerned for their own defence, the members of the Union were not prepared to save Bohemia, but only to support the Palatinate in Germany - a factitious distinction difficult to sustain. In this confusion, the Spanish ambassador, Oñate, was quick to exert his influence. Serious Catholic action against Bohemia and the Palatinate derived from the treaty of Munich (8 October 1619) between Ferdinand and Maximilian of Bavaria, leader of the Catholic League. With a total disregard for German interests, Oñate persuaded Ferdinand to offer Maximilian any part of the Palatinate he could occupy, together with Frederick's electoral title - an arrangement Spain was later to regret. Oñate, exceeding his instructions, also guaranteed the Spanish support without which Maximilian would not play. These disruptive agreements were to have serious, long-term repercussions. Not only were they illegal; they were designed to alter the balance of the electoral college in Ferdinand's favour. In the short term, the treaty secured a Catholic army which, together with Spanish help, defeated Frederick and the Bohemian rebels on 8 November 1620 - the battle of the White Mountain.'']
References
Sources
*Sutherland, N.M. ''The Origins of the Thirty Years War and the Structure of European Politics''. Oxford University Press: The English Historical Review, Vol 107, No. 424, pp. 587–625, July 1992.
See also
*
List of treaties
This list of treaties contains known agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups.
Before 1200 CE
1200–1299
1300–1399
1400–1499
1500–1599
1600–1699
1700–1799
...
{{Thirty Years' War treaties
1619 in Europe
Munich
Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the third-largest city in Germany, after Berlin and ...
History of Munich
Electoral Palatinate
1619 treaties
Treaties of the Duchy of Bavaria
1619 in the Holy Roman Empire
17th century in Bavaria
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor