The Treaty of 1677 (also known as the Treaty Between Virginia And The Indians 1677 or Treaty of Middle Plantation) was signed in

Virginia Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are ...

on May 28, 1677, between the

English Crown This list of kings and reigning queens of the Kingdom of England begins with Alfred the Great, who initially ruled Wessex, one of the seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms which later made up modern England. Alfred styled himself King of the Anglo-Sa ...

and representatives from various Virginia Native American tribes including the Nottoway, the Appomattoc, the Wayonaoake, the

Nansemond The Nansemond are the indigenous people of the Nansemond River, a 20-mile long tributary of the James River in Virginia. Nansemond people lived in settlements on both sides of the Nansemond River where they fished (with the name "Nansemond" mean ...

, the Nanzatico, the Monacan, the

Saponi The Saponi or Sappony are a Native American tribe historically based in the Piedmont of North Carolina and Virginia.Raymond D. DeMaillie, "Tutelo and Neighboring Groups," pages 286–87. They spoke a Siouan language, related to the languages of ...

, and the

Meherrin The Meherrin Nation ( autonym: Kauwets'a:ka, "People of the Water") is one of seven state-recognized nations of Native Americans in North Carolina. They reside in rural northeastern North Carolina, near the river of the same name on the Virgini ...

following the end of

Bacon's Rebellion Bacon's Rebellion was an armed rebellion held by Virginia settlers that took place from 1676 to 1677. It was led by Nathaniel Bacon against Colonial Governor William Berkeley, after Berkeley refused Bacon's request to drive Native American ...

. The treaty designated those that signed as "tributary tribes", which signified that they were guaranteed control over their traditional homelands, hunting and fishing rights, the

right to keep and bear arms The right to keep and bear arms (often referred to as the right to bear arms) is a right for people to possess weapons (arms) for the preservation of life, liberty, and property. The purpose of gun rights is for self-defense, including securi ...

, and other rights so long as they maintained their loyalty towards the

. The twenty-one articles of the treaty were confirmed when the English sent gifts to the chiefs along with various badges of authority. The Queen of Pamunkey, known as

Cockacoeske Cockacoeske (also spelled ''Cockacoeskie'') (ca. 1640 – ca. 1686) was a 17th-century leader of the Pamunkey tribe in what is now the U.S. state of Virginia. During her thirty-year reign, she worked with the English colony of Virginia, try ...

to the English, received a red velvet cap which was fastened with a silver frontlet and silver chains.

Witnesses

Native American leaders who signed the treaty include: *Queen Pamunkey and her son, Captain John West *The King of the Notowayes *King Peracuta of the Appomattux* *The Queen of Wayonaoake *The King of the Nanzem'd *King Pattanochus of the Nansatiocoes, Nanzemunds, and the Portabacchoes* *King Shurenough of the Manakins* *King Mastegonoe of the Sappones * *Chief Tachapoake of the Sappones* *Chief Vnuntsquero of the Maherians*Chief Horehonnah of the Maherians* *Chief Suubaah of the Driplandyins* * *According to Helen Rountree, these signatories were added in an annexe between April and June 1680.Helen Rountree, ''Pocahontas's People'', p. 100.

References

External links

{{wikisource, Treaty Between Virginia And The Indians 1677
Treaty Between Virginia And The Indians 1677 (Bay Link, 1997)
Powhatan Museum Historic Documents * http://www.powhatanmuseum.com/Historic_Documents.html English colonization of the Americas Treaties of England Treaties of indigenous peoples of North America Colony of Virginia 1677 treaties 1677 in Virginia 1677 in the British Empire

Witnesses

See also

References

External links