Tizapan El Alto
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Tizapán El Alto is a town and
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
, in Jalisco in central-western
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
. The municipality covers an area of 105.53 square miles (273.32 km²). As of 2020, the municipality had a total population of 22,758.


Toponymy

Tizapán means "place of chalk" (''"lugar de tiza"''), due to the banks of that non-metallic mineral that exist around; or, "water over the tizate" (the ''tizate'' is a shrub up to 20 feet tall, with a very white trunk and stems; ovate, lanceolate, rough leaves with jagged edges, and yellow flowers in heads. The decoction of the leaves and the root is used in traditional medicine).


History

According to some scholars of anthropology, due to the pre-Cortesian vestiges that exist, the Toltecs inhabited this region without being able to specify exactly the date on which the settlements that were formed both in what is today the municipal seat and in its vicinity took place. Some affirm that back in the 7th century of our era, various tribes began to settle on the banks of Lake Chapala and also of the river today called La Pasión. Oral tradition indicates that, after the conquest, a mixed congregation was formed, that is, of Indian and Spanish origin and indicates the date of December 29, 1529, since Don Alonso de Ávalos, cousin, had already passed through these lands. of Hernán Cortés and closely linked in interests to the conqueror. The same tradition indicates as petitioners of the legal estate the Spaniards Juan de la Salud, Lorenzo Manuel Taracho Tadeo, Bernardino de los Reyes, Pedro Joseph, Concepción de los Ángeles, Silvestre de los Santos, Ignacio Cupertino and Cristóbal Nolasco, as well as the indigenous Roque Jorge, Franco Javier, Diego Salvador, Gregorio Magdaleno and Juan Evangelista. All of them with their respective families that multiplied until they formed what was then called the Estancia de Tizapán and several decades later San Francisco Tizapán. On March 27, 1824, it was assigned to the canton of Sayula, and to the department of Zacoalco. In 1825 he continues to belong politically to Sayula and the 3rd. Department of Zacoalco, having under its jurisdiction the Haciendas of Santa Ana and San Francisco Javier, adjacent to its head. In 1837, in the jurisdiction of Sayula belonging to Zapotlán el Grande. In 1843 it belongs to the 4th District of Sayula and to the first party of that city. In 1878, always belonging to Sayula, it passed to the 2nd Department of Zacoalco. In 1886, by decree of General Ramón Corona, at the same time Governor of the State, Tuxcueca was segregated from Tizapán, to become a municipality. In 1886, La Manzanilla was integrated as a Police Station and in 1890, Decree 426, created the Civil Registry Office, being included, within the designated police station, the ranches of La Tuna Manza, Las Cuevas, Agua Escondida, La Cañada, La Soledad, La Peña, and Palos Verdes. In 1896, it became part of the 7th Canton of Chapala by decree 747 of December 30 of that same year. In 1906, by decree of Governor Miguel Ahumada, the La Manzanilla Police Station became a municipality. In 1924, the Estancia de Columba was erected as a police station and in 1947 that of El Volantín. The municipality has the municipal seat, 2 delegations and 9 municipal agencies.


Geographic description


Location

Tizapán el Alto is located in the Southeast region of the state of Jalisco, between coordinates 20°02'40" — 20°56'15" north latitude and 102°36'06" — 103°09'40" west longitude; at a height of 5026 feet meters above sea level. The municipality borders to the north with the
Lake Chapala Lake Chapala ( es, Lago de Chapala, ) is Mexico's largest freshwater lake. It lies in the municipalities of Ocotlán, Chapala, Jocotepec, Poncitlán, and Jamay, in Jalisco, and in Venustiano Carranza and Cojumatlán de Régules, in Mich ...
and the municipalities of Chapala and Poncitlán; to the east with the State of Michoacán; to the south with the municipality of La Manzanilla de la Paz, and to the west with the municipality of Tuxcueca.


Climate

The climate in Tizapán in summer is warm semi-humid with occasional rains reaching a maximum of 86° F. During the winter it is cold, with winter showers reaching a minimum of 44.6° F. The average annual rainfall is 112.5 dcl per season. During the fall and the spring it is usually semi-humid with occasional intermittent showers. Average annual temperature of 75° F.


Hydrography

Its hydrological resources are provided by the river of La Pasión; through the streams: San José, San Vicente, El Bosque, El Laurel, El Refugio, Las Mesas, Los Coyotes, Las Moscas, El Mezquitillo, El Regadío, Zarco, La Soltera, and Las Trancas; also, the Lake Chapala and the dams: El Volantín, El Refugio, Los Cuatro, and Palos Altos.


Topography

Half of its surface is made up of flat areas (50%), with elevations ranging from 4,920 to 5,250 feet above sea level; semi-flat areas make up 40% of the surface, with elevations ranging from 5,250 to 5,905 feet asl, and rugged areas (10%) with heights ranging from 5,950 to 6,890 feet asl.


Soils

The territory is made up of land belonging to the Quaternary period. The composition of the soils is predominantly Vertisol Pélic and Chromic types, Nitosol Humic and Feozem Haplic. The municipality has a land area of 67,540 acres (27,332 hectares), of which 33,940 acres are used for agricultural purposes, 18,118 for livestock, 6,425 for forestry, 690 for urban land, and 8,365 for other uses. As far as property is concerned, an extension of 23,267 acres is private and another of 44,271 is
ejido An ''ejido'' (, from Latin ''exitum'') is an area of communal land used for agriculture in which community members have usufruct rights rather than ownership rights to land, which in Mexico is held by the Mexican state. People awarded ejidos in ...
. There is no communal property.


Flora and fauna

Its vegetation is basically made up of
oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus ''Quercus'' (; Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 500 extant species of oaks. The common name "oak" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ''L ...
, huisache, palo dulce, juniper,
nopal Nopal (from the Nahuatl word for the pads of the plant) is a common name in Spanish for ''Opuntia'' cacti (commonly referred to in English as ''prickly pear''), as well as for its pads. There are about 114 known species in Mexico, where it i ...
, spiny hackberry, tepame and other species. Tizapán has grassland vegetation, pine-oak forest to the south, and to the north lies the
Lake Chapala Lake Chapala ( es, Lago de Chapala, ) is Mexico's largest freshwater lake. It lies in the municipalities of Ocotlán, Chapala, Jocotepec, Poncitlán, and Jamay, in Jalisco, and in Venustiano Carranza and Cojumatlán de Régules, in Mich ...
.
Deer Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the re ...
, coyote, rabbit, hare, squirrel, fox, armadillo,
badger Badgers are short-legged omnivores in the family Mustelidae (which also includes the otters, wolverines, martens, minks, polecats, weasels, and ferrets). Badgers are a polyphyletic rather than a natural taxonomic grouping, being united by ...
, opossum,
black vulture The black vulture (''Coragyps atratus''), also known as the American black vulture, Mexican vulture, zopilote, urubu, or gallinazo, is a bird in the New World vulture family whose range extends from the northeastern United States to Peru, Cen ...
,
crow A crow is a bird of the genus '' Corvus'', or more broadly a synonym for all of ''Corvus''. Crows are generally black in colour. The word "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species. The related term "raven" is not pinned scientifica ...
, and other minor species inhabit this region.


Economy

Livestock:
bovine Bovines (subfamily Bovinae) comprise a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including cattle, bison, African buffalo, water buffalos, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. The evolutionary relationship betwe ...
s,
equine Equinae is a subfamily of the family Equidae, which have lived worldwide (except Indonesia and Australia) from the Hemingfordian stage of the Early Miocene (16 million years ago) onwards. They are thought to be a monophyletic grouping.B. J. Ma ...
s,
goat The goat or domestic goat (''Capra hircus'') is a domesticated species of goat-antelope typically kept as livestock. It was domesticated from the wild goat (''C. aegagrus'') of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the a ...
s,
pig The pig (''Sus domesticus''), often called swine, hog, or domestic pig when distinguishing from other members of the genus '' Sus'', is an omnivorous, domesticated, even-toed, hoofed mammal. It is variously considered a subspecies of ''Sus ...
s,
beehive A beehive is an enclosed structure in which some honey bee species of the subgenus '' Apis'' live and raise their young. Though the word ''beehive'' is commonly used to describe the nest of any bee colony, scientific and professional literature ...
s.
Agriculture: stand out corn, beans, sorghum,
broccoli Broccoli (''Brassica oleracea'' var. ''italica'') is an edible green plant in the cabbage family (family Brassicaceae, genus ''Brassica'') whose large flowering head, stalk and small associated leaves are eaten as a vegetable. Broccoli is cla ...
,
onion An onion (''Allium cepa'' L., from Latin ''cepa'' meaning "onion"), also known as the bulb onion or common onion, is a vegetable that is the most widely cultivated species of the genus ''Allium''. The shallot is a botanical variety of the onio ...
, cabbage.
Commerce: establishments dedicated to the sale of basic necessities and mixed stores that sell various items predominate.
Mining: it has deposits of
stone quarry In geology, rock (or stone) is any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate of minerals or mineraloid matter. It is categorized by the minerals included, its chemical composition, and the way in which it is formed. Rocks form the Earth's o ...
,
sand Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is defined by its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a textural class o ...
,
gold Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au (from la, aurum) and atomic number 79. This makes it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally. It is a bright, slightly orange-yellow, dense, soft, malleable, and ductile me ...
,
silver Silver is a chemical element with the symbol Ag (from the Latin ', derived from the Proto-Indo-European ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical ...
and gravel.


Towns

* Tizapán el Alto — municipal seat There are two delegations: * Ejido Modelo, known also as Villa Emiliano Zapata * El Volantín There are nine municipal agencies: * Churintzio * Colonia Madero * El Refugio * El Zapote * La Cañada * La Rosa Amarilla * Los Sauces * Mismaloya * Villa del Lago


Government


Municipal presidents


References

{{Jalisco Municipalities of Jalisco