The Sovereign Individual
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''The Sovereign Individual: Mastering the Transition to the Information Age'' is a 1997 non-fiction book by
William Rees-Mogg William Rees-Mogg, Baron Rees-Mogg (14 July 192829 December 2012) was a British newspaper journalist who was Editor of '' The Times'' from 1967 to 1981. In the late 1970s, he served as High Sheriff of Somerset, and in the 1980s was Chairman of t ...
and
James Dale Davidson James Dale Davidson is an American private investor and investment writer, co-writer of the newsletter ''Strategic Investment'', and co-author with William Rees-Mogg of ''Blood in the Streets: Investment Profits in a World Gone Mad'' (1987), ''The ...
. Later republished on 26 August 1999 by
Touchstone Touchstone may refer to: * Touchstone (assaying tool), a stone used to identify precious metals * Touchstone (metaphor), a means of assaying relative merits of a concept Entertainment * ''Touchstone'' (album), a 1982 album by Chick Corea * T ...
, it forecasts the development of the twenty-first century; focusing on the rise of the
internet The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a '' network of networks'' that consists of private, p ...
&
cyberspace Cyberspace is a concept describing a widespread interconnected digital technology. "The expression dates back from the first decade of the diffusion of the internet. It refers to the online world as a world 'apart', as distinct from everyday re ...
,
digital currency Digital currency (digital money, electronic money or electronic currency) is any currency, money, or money-like asset that is primarily managed, stored or exchanged on digital computer systems, especially over the internet. Types of digital cu ...
&
digital economy The digital economy is a portmanteau of digital computing and economy, and is an umbrella term that describes how traditional brick-and-mortar economic activities (production, distribution, trade) are being transformed by Internet, World Wide Web ...
,
self-ownership Self-ownership, also known as sovereignty of the individual or individual sovereignty, is the concept of property in one's own person, expressed as the moral or natural right of a person to have bodily integrity and be the exclusive controlle ...
and
decentralization Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group. Conce ...
from the State. ''The Sovereign Individual'' has been recommended by members of the
cryptocurrency A cryptocurrency, crypto-currency, or crypto is a digital currency designed to work as a medium of exchange through a computer network that is not reliant on any central authority, such as a government or bank, to uphold or maintain it. It i ...
community such as Naval Ravikant and Brian Armstrong. On 22 December 2021, Bitcoin Magazine ran an opinion piece by Bob Simons calling the book's thesis a "prophecy". In 2020, the book was reprinted with a preface written by
PayPal PayPal Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational financial technology company operating an online payments system in the majority of countries that support online money transfers, and serves as an electronic alternative to traditional paper ...
co-founder
Peter Thiel Peter Andreas Thiel (; born 11 October 1967) is a German-American billionaire entrepreneur, venture capitalist, and political activist. A co-founder of PayPal, Palantir Technologies, and Founders Fund, he was the first outside investor in F ...
.


Overview

Originally, the book was published in 1997 as ''The Sovereign Individual: How to Survive and Thrive During the Collapse of the Welfare State'' and later it was republished in 1999 under its current title by
Touchstone Touchstone may refer to: * Touchstone (assaying tool), a stone used to identify precious metals * Touchstone (metaphor), a means of assaying relative merits of a concept Entertainment * ''Touchstone'' (album), a 1982 album by Chick Corea * T ...
.


Chapters

The book contains eleven chapters and has 446 pages (400 pages of plain text, 46 pages of references, notes, and an appendix. The latest edition of the book with Thiel's foreword adds two more pages). The chapters are: # The Transition of the Year 2000: The Fourth Stage of Human Society # Megapolitical Transformations in Historic Perspective # East of Eden: The Agricultural Revolution and the Sophistication of Violence # The Last Days of Politics: Parallels Between the Senile Decline of the Holy Mother Church and the Nanny State # The Life and Death of the Nation-State: Democracy and Nationalism as Resource Strategies in the Age of Violence # The Megapolitics of the Information Age: The Triumph of Efficiency over Power # Transcending Locality: The Emergence of the Cybereconomy # The End of Egalitarian Economics: The Revolution in Earnings Capacity in a World Without Jobs # Nationalism, Reaction, and the New Luddites # The Twilight of Democracy # Morality and Crime in the "Natural Economy" of the Information Age


Content

Rees-Mogg and Davidson's main thesis centers around self-ownership and the Individual's independence from the State, forecasting the end of the nations and nation-states. In one chapter entitled ''Nationalism, Reaction, and the New Luddites'', they criticize
nationalism Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the State (polity), state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a in-group and out-group, group of peo ...
and appeal more to giving the Individual control over his destiny rather than the collectiveness given by nationalism. Rees-Mogg and Davidson also refer to a ''transition'' to the year 2000, being a birth of a new stage of Western civilization in the coming of the new millennium. With the rise of the
information society An information society is a society where the usage, creation, distribution, manipulation and integration of information is a significant activity. Its main drivers are information and communication technologies, which have resulted in rapid inf ...
, they argue, the Individual would be freed from the oppression of government and the drags of prejudice: Rees-Mogg and Davidson also suggested that digital currency/cybermoney would supersede
fiat currency Fiat money (from la, fiat, "let it be done") is a type of currency that is not backed by any commodity such as gold or silver. It is typically designated by the issuing government to be legal tender. Throughout history, fiat money was some ...
: Rees-Mogg and Davidson's recall of "mathematical algorithms that have no physical existence" is similar to the functional mechanism of certain cryptocurrencies such as
Bitcoin Bitcoin (abbreviation: BTC; sign: ₿) is a decentralized digital currency that can be transferred on the peer-to-peer bitcoin network. Bitcoin transactions are verified by network nodes through cryptography and recorded in a public distr ...
and other proof-of-work currencies. This has led some to call their claim of 'cybermoney' a "prophecy". Rees-Mogg and Davidson have also predicted that with the rise of this new cyberspace, and consequently cybermoney, it will become harder for a nation-state to collect taxes from its citizens. They compare the State to a farmer keeping cows in a field to be milked but that "soon, the cows will have wings". They predict that for the government to collect taxes from its citizens in this type of society, it would have to violate human rights, even traditionally civil countries would have to resort and "turn nasty":


Reception

Peter Thiel Peter Andreas Thiel (; born 11 October 1967) is a German-American billionaire entrepreneur, venture capitalist, and political activist. A co-founder of PayPal, Palantir Technologies, and Founders Fund, he was the first outside investor in F ...
, who wrote the preface to the 2020 printing, wrote that, among the many things that Rees-Mogg and Davidson got wrong, the biggest part was "perhaps their misjudgement in the rise of
China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, most populous country, with a Population of China, population exceeding 1.4 billion, slig ...
and the prosperity of
Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a List of cities in China, city and Special administrative regions of China, special ...
as an ideal type of government nder colonial rule. In his 2018 book, ''The Bitcoin Standard'', Saifedean Ammous mentions and calls the ''The Sovereign Individuals prediction of digital currency "remarkable". Ammous also gives insight on ''The Sovereign Individual'' during the section titled ''Individual Sovereignty'', while also commending Davidson and Rees-Mogg's prediction of a digital currency as "remarkable".Saifedean Ammous, ibid, p.202 (p.220 on PDF)


See also

*
Self-ownership Self-ownership, also known as sovereignty of the individual or individual sovereignty, is the concept of property in one's own person, expressed as the moral or natural right of a person to have bodily integrity and be the exclusive controlle ...
*
Cyberspace Cyberspace is a concept describing a widespread interconnected digital technology. "The expression dates back from the first decade of the diffusion of the internet. It refers to the online world as a world 'apart', as distinct from everyday re ...
*
Cryptocurrency A cryptocurrency, crypto-currency, or crypto is a digital currency designed to work as a medium of exchange through a computer network that is not reliant on any central authority, such as a government or bank, to uphold or maintain it. It i ...


Notes


References


External links


''The Sovereign Individual''
at
Simon & Schuster Simon & Schuster () is an American publishing company and a subsidiary of Paramount Global. It was founded in New York City on January 2, 1924 by Richard L. Simon and M. Lincoln Schuster. As of 2016, Simon & Schuster was the third largest publi ...

''The Sovereign Individual'' First Touchstone Edition
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