The Early Show

''The Early Show'' is an American morning television show that aired on CBS from November 1, 1999 to January 7, 2012, and the ninth attempt at a morning news-talk program by the network since 1954. The program aired Monday through Friday from 7:00 to 9:00 a.m. (live in the Eastern Time Zone, and on tape delay in all other time zones), although a number of affiliates either pre-empted or tape-delayed the Saturday edition. The program originally broadcast from the General Motors Building in New York City.

''The Early Show'', like many of its predecessors, traditionally placed third in the ratings, behind NBC's ''Today'' and ABC's ''Good Morning America''. Much like ''Today'' and its fellow NBC program ''The Tonight Show'', the ''Early Show'' title was analogous to that of CBS's late-night talk show, '' The Late Show''. Unlike CBS' other attempts at a morning news program (which emphasize hard news), ''The Early Show'' followed the format of its two other competitors, which have long used a lighter soft news, lifestyle and infotainment approach.

On November 15, 2011, CBS announced the cancellation of ''The Early Show'', and replacement by a new morning program that CBS News chairman Jeff Fager and president David Rhodes stated would "redefine the morning television landscape." ''The Early Show'' ended its twelve-year run on January 7, 2012, replaced three days later on January 9 by the second version of ''CBS This Morning''.

Before ''The Early Show''

The 1950s

CBS' first attempt at a morning program debuted on March 15, 1954, with ''The Morning Show'', originally hosted by Walter Cronkite and very similar in format to ''Today'' (which also ran for two hours from 7:00 to 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time until it was reduced to one hour to accommodate the premiere of ''Captain Kangaroo'' in 1955). Additional hosts over the years included Jack Paar, John Henry Faulk and Dick Van Dyke. Paar, the most successful of them in drawing an audience, made significant changes in the tone of the program during his tenure as host, casting it into a talk program with some infotainment elements but featuring an emphasis on humor and conversation, reminiscent of the kind of morning radio show he had done prior to World War II. In 1956, Paar was moved from ''The Morning Show'' to his own late-morning talk program on the network, which aired after ''Captain Kangaroo''. (Paar left CBS to take over NBC's ''The Tonight Show'' in 1957.)

Next came ''Good Morning! with Will Rogers Jr.'', which lasted for 14 months before being replaced in April 1957 by a different version of ''The Morning Show'', a variety program hosted by country music singer Jimmy Dean, which ended that December after nine months. The 45-minute program aired at 7:00 a.m. Eastern Time; it was followed by a 15-minute news program, the ''CBS Morning News'', anchored by Richard C. Hottelet, and later Stuart Novins, which led into ''Captain Kangaroo'' at 8:00 a.m.

The 1960s

CBS did not make any serious attempt to program against ''Today'' for eight years. ''The CBS Morning News'' debuted on September 2, 1963; the program was similar in style to its ''CBS Evening News'' counterpart in that it was also a hard news-focused program, featuring various hosts and correspondents from CBS News over the years. It debuted as a half-hour broadcast anchored by Mike Wallace, who joined the network that year, and aired Monday through Friday at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time. Coincidentally, it replaced the daytime magazine program ''Calendar'', which was hosted by Wallace's future ''60 Minutes'' colleague Harry Reasoner.

In August 1965, CBS decided it could get better ratings by airing reruns of '' I Love Lucy'' in the 10:00 a.m. slot. The network moved the ''Morning News'' to 7:05 a.m. (although most affiliates carried it at 7:30 a.m. on tape delay). Wallace only lasted one more year after the move. Tired of the early wake-up time, he left the program to cover Richard Nixon's 1968 comeback presidential campaign for CBS News. Wallace suggested Los Angeles newsman Joseph Benti as his replacement.

The 1970s

It was during Joseph Benti's run (through August 28, 1970) that the program became the first regularly scheduled one-hour newscast on network television on March 31, 1969. Until 1981, it preceded ''Captain Kangaroo'' on CBS's morning schedule from 7:00 to 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time. The new hour-long format featured John Hart reading the news headlines from Washington, D.C. and CBS News Moscow correspondent Hughes Rudd as an occasional contributor. After Hart replaced Benti as the main anchor in New York City, the Washington anchor desk was assumed by Bernard Kalb until 1972, and by Nelson Benton for a year afterwards.

On August 6, 1973, Hart was replaced (he eventually went to NBC). In an effort to emulate ''Today'', which had Barbara Walters as a co-anchor, Rudd was teamed up with former ''The Washington Post'' reporter Sally Quinn. Unfortunately for CBS, within days, the hugely publicized pairing of what was dubbed by the press as "the beauty and the grouch" (respectively referring to Quinn and Rudd) turned out to be a disaster. Quinn was gone after six months, leaving after the February 1, 1974 telecast. A more experienced correspondent, Bruce Morton, later took over the Washington desk, remaining there until 1977. During that period, the newscast evolved into a straightforward delivery of the morning news, much like Cronkite's evening newscast. Despite the anchor turnover through the years, the broadcast set a consistent tone which emphasized news and ideas over celebrity gossip or self-help tips. The latest news bureau of CBS News Washington correspondent Barry Serafin. The anchor desk was subsequently shared by the team of Lesley Stahl and Richard Threlkeld, while Morton and Rudd returned to provide feature reports and commentary.

The 1980s

The ''Morning'' Era

On Sunday, January 28, 1979, CBS revamped the program, premiering ''Morning'', which was titled in accordance to the day of the week (''Monday Morning'', ''Tuesday Morning'', etc.). The weekday ''Morning'' series competed with ''Good Morning America'' and ''Today''. Charles Kuralt hosted Sundays, while Bob Schieffer hosted the rest of the week; Kuralt took over the daily broadcasts as well starting on October 27, 1980. The program featured long-form pieces from CBS News bureaus, and many viewed it as a highbrow, classy newscast in the best CBS tradition. Despite critical acclaim, the program remained dead last in the ratings, and CBS was under more pressure from affiliates to present a more viable morning competitor. So on September 28, 1981, ''Morning'' dropped the days of the week from its title (except for ''CBS News Sunday Morning''), was extended to 90 minutes and added Diane Sawyer as co-host; in the process, ''Captain Kangaroo'' was reduced to a half-hour daily and pushed to an earlier time period (7:00 a.m.).

''The CBS Morning News''

On January 18, 1982, again at the expense of ''Captain Kangaroo'', ''Morning'' was expanded to the same two-hour format that ''Today'' and ''GMA'' were utilizing. Along the way it reassumed the title of ''The CBS Morning News'' (not to be confused with CBS's earlier morning newscast, the '' CBS Early Morning News'', later retitled as the ''CBS Morning News''). Kuralt was replaced on the weekday broadcasts on March 15, 1982. By this time management decided that morning news programming should be more competitive and hired Bill Kurtis, anchor of the highly rated evening newscasts at WBBM-TV in Chicago, as Sawyer's co-host. The Sunday edition of ''Morning'', with Kuralt as host, was kept; it remains on the air under its original title, ''CBS News Sunday Morning'' (now hosted by Jane Pauley).

By the fall of 1982, ''Captain Kangaroo'' had disappeared from the daily schedule, and the new team of Kurtis and Sawyer were anchoring three hours of news in the morning, as they were also seen on the '' CBS Early Morning News'' an hour earlier.

Their teamwork helped boost the program's ratings, albeit briefly; George Merlis, a former ''Good Morning America'' producer hired to revamp the broadcast, is also credited by most network insiders with nearly doubling viewership numbers for ''The CBS Morning News'' by March 1983. The numbers continued to climb during the summer; during one week in August 1983, it passed ''Today'' for the second place spot behind ''GMA'', and was in closing distance behind the latter program for the #1 spot before it dropped back to third place again. After Merlis was relieved from his duties for his trouble, Sawyer, tired of the morning grind, left in the fall of 1984 to become the first female correspondent on ''60 Minutes''.

CBS News correspondents Jane Wallace and Meredith Vieira briefly alternated as interim co-host in an on-air try-out that lasted several months, but both were passed over for the permanent spot. Instead, CBS settled for former Miss America and '' The NFL Today'' co-host Phyllis George, who was given a three-year contract following a mere two-week trial run. There was little chemistry between George and Kurtis onscreen and the show fared poorly.

The lowest point of her very brief tenure came on May 14, 1985, during George's interview with false rape accuser Cathleen Mae Webb and the man whom she had falsely accused, Gary Dotson. In an effort to get the two to make amends to each other, George made a simple suggestion: "How about a hug?" Both Webb and Dotson graciously refused. That infamous interview alienated audiences and was blasted by critics, helping to put an unpleasant close to George's television career at this initial mark. A very unhappy Bill Kurtis subsequently departed from the program and resigned from CBS News in July, returning to Chicago and his former anchor spot at WBBM-TV. Once again, Bob Schieffer served as a brief replacement. Phyllis George eventually left CBS for good that fall.

Maria Shriver, who had joined CBS as a West Coast feature reporter in 1983, and Forrest Sawyer, new to the network, were named co-anchors of ''The CBS Morning News'' on August 30, 1985. After a respectable year albeit still placing third in the ratings, Shriver and Sawyer made their last appearance on the program on August 1, 1986, after CBS announced that the early morning timeslot would leave control of the news division, to be replaced by a new show produced by a newly created unit in the CBS Broadcast Group. Prodded by network affiliates, CBS decided that an entertainment format might work better against ''Good Morning America'' and ''Today'', and planning began for a new show that would come to be called ''The Morning Program''. Bruce Morton and Faith Daniels became the first in a string of substitutes to host ''Morning News'' until it left the air.

In an August 1986 ''Newsweek'' article, columnist Jonathan Alter wrote regarding the move, "''The CBS Morning News'' was simply shot dead. Underappreciated co-anchors Forrest Sawyer and Maria Shriver left the air with a classy farewell after the network's announcement that the perennially lagging show would be canceled by the end of the year."

Tom Shales reported in ''The Washington Post'', "throughout the industry there is shock and derision for the way CBS has handled he''Morning News,'' so long its problem child. Competitors are saying the ''Morning News'' fiasco is a symptom of a new disarray in CBS News, and some question whether current CBS News executives will all be able to ride out the storm."

''The Morning Program''

On January 12, 1987, ''The Morning Program'' made its debut hosted by actress Mariette Hartley and Rolland Smith, former longtime anchor at WCBS-TV in New York City. Radio personality Mark McEwen handled the weather, while comedian Bob Saget did comedy bits. Produced by the network's entertainment division, the show ran for 90 minutes (7:30 to 9:00 a.m. Eastern and Pacific, 6:30 to 8:00 a.m. Central and Mountain) behind a briefly expanded 90-minute ''CBS Early Morning News'' broadcast (6:00 to 7:30 a.m. local; although most larger-market affiliates pre-empted all or part of the 6:00 a.m. hour to carry a locally produced morning newscast), which had dropped "Early" from its title.

However, ''The Morning Program'', with its awkward mix of news, entertainment and comedy, became the joke of the industry, receiving scathing reviews. At one point, it generated a mere 10 percent share, the lowest ratings that CBS had seen in the morning slot in five years. The show was also dragging down ratings for the syndicated programming that most affiliates aired in the 9:00 Eastern and Pacific/8:00 Central and Mountain slot, and many of them were threatening to preempt the show unless changes were made (for instance, CBS affiliate KKTV in Colorado Springs, Colorado successfully dropped the show, and replaced the morning block with syndicated cartoon programming). Finally, CBS canceled the show and returned the time slot to the news division after a 10½-month run. Hartley and Smith were dumped (the former departed the program two weeks early and was replaced by Sandy Hill, who had formerly co-hosted ''Good Morning America''), while Saget left to star on the ABC sitcom '' Full House''. A longtime producer summed up this version of the program upon its demise by saying, "...everyone thought we had the lowest ratings you could have in the morning. ''The Morning Program'' proved us wrong".

''CBS This Morning''

On November 30, 1987, ''The Morning Program'' was replaced by the original ''CBS This Morning''. It lasted for twelve years, staying in third place for its entire run. However, it was far more competitive than its predecessors had ever been (with the aforementioned KKTV, after previously dropping ''The Morning Program'', beginning to air ''CBS This Morning'' in early 1989). It ended on October 29, 1999 and was replaced by ''The Early Show''. In 2012, the second iteration of ''CBS This Morning'' replaced ''The Early Show''. Plans were announced for the show to be renamed ''CBS Mornings'' to emulate the Sunday edition. This latest version of the program began in September 2021.

History

Gumbel, Clayson, McEwen and Chen (November 1, 1999–2002)

''The Early Show'' began on November 1, 1999 (around the time when Viacom, a former CBS division, had purchased the network) when CBS executives successfully lured former ''Today'' host Bryant Gumbel to head up the broadcast, teamed with ABC News correspondent Jane Clayson. Unlike with ''This Morning'', CBS asked its affiliates to carry the two-hour program in its entirety. Julie Chen read the news, while Mark McEwen of '' Live by Request'', the sole holdover from ''CBS This Morning'', did the weather. Initial ratings were not encouraging, and were actually lower than those of ''CBS This Morning''. Gumbel left on May 17, 2002, and shortly thereafter Clayson and McEwen were replaced.

Clayson may be best known for her awkward confrontation with ''Early Show'' food and style contributor Martha Stewart during this period; Stewart was involved in the ImClone stock trading case, but retained her ''Early Show'' contributor duties during the initial stages of the controversy. CBS required Stewart to address the issue as a condition of keeping those contributor duties. Stewart, upon consulting her legal team, agreed to take questions on-air, but not in a separate interview. As a result, during one of Stewart's usual live cooking segments (in June 2002), Clayson, who normally assisted Stewart with preparing the meal, asked her to comment on her involvement with ImClone and her selling of company stock just one day before an application for a new cancer drug developed by the pharmaceutical company was rejected by the Food and Drug Administration; a visibly uncomfortable Stewart, obsessively chopping vegetables for a salad, evaded Clayson's questions, citing her inability to comment on an ongoing investigation (Stewart was indicted in 2003, tried and convicted in 2004, and served five months in federal prison for her involvement in the case). Stewart stopped contributing to the program after the appearance, which was immortalized in an NBC TV-movie of Stewart's life that aired a few months later (with Cybill Shepherd playing the role of Stewart).

Smith, Storm, Chen, Syler and Price (October 2002–December 2006)

On October 28, 2002, ''The Early Show'' overhauled its hosting staff. The new team consisted of Chen, Harry Smith (former host of ''Biography'' and ''CBS This Morning''), Hannah Storm (former commentator for NBC Sports), Rene Syler (who joined the program after serving as a news anchor at CBS' owned-and-operated station KTVT in Dallas), and weatherman Dave Price (joining the program after a run as a morning meteorologist at New York City Fox O&O WNYW), who also worked at WCBS-TV for some time after joining ''The Early Show''. To keep affiliates happy, CBS went back to the local/national hybrid format originated on ''CBS This Morning'' in 1997. The program also had a number of "correspondents" who conducted short segments on specific issues, including Martha Stewart (until not long after the aforementioned segment with Jane Clayson), Martha Quinn, Bobby Flay and Bob Vila, among others. In 2004, Susan Koeppen became the program's consumer correspondent.

On October 30, 2006, ''The Early Show'' received a revamp, featuring new graphics (with a new blue and orange color scheme instead of blue and yellow) and music similar to that used on the ''CBS Evening News'' (which were also rolled out on '' Up to the Minute'' and the ''CBS Morning News'' in early October). On December 4, 2006, it was announced that Rene Syler would leave the show by the end of the month; her last show was December 22.

Smith, Storm, Chen, Mitchell, and Price (December 2006–December 2007)

On December 7, 2006, CBS News named Russ Mitchell (who had been co-anchor of the program's Saturday edition since its inception as ''CBS News Saturday Morning'' in 1997) as the news anchor for the program starting January 2, 2007. On November 28, 2007, it was announced that Hannah Storm was leaving as the program's co-anchor; her last day was December 7, 2007.

Smith, Rodriguez, Chen, Mitchell and Price (January 2008–January 2010)

On December 5, 2007, CBS announced that Maggie Rodriguez (who had joined the program earlier that year as anchor of its Saturday edition) would succeed Storm as co-anchor. During that month, the ''CBS Evening News'' shared its studio/set with ''The Early Show''. ''The Early Show'' itself debuted a new set on January 7, 2008, when it also abandoned the aforementioned local/national hybrid format, opting to require its stations carry the entire two-hour broadcast. Ratings for ''The Early Show'' dropped with the institution of these changes. However, the gap between the program and second-place ''Good Morning America'' remained virtually consistent as all three morning shows saw similar ratings erosion.

On April 16, ''The Early Show'' scored a coup with the broadcast of a live musical performance by Susan Boyle. ''The Early Show'' enjoyed a relatively successful May sweeps, racking up a 5% increase in total viewership year-to-year while remaining flat in the 25-to-54-year-old demographic, at a time when both ''Today'' and ''Good Morning America'' were shedding viewers to the tune of 3 and 4% respectively.

Howard Kurtz's ''Washington Post'' profile of CBS ''Early Show'' co-host Maggie Rodriguez said her addition to the program accounts for "an uptick in the ratings, lifting spirits at the broadcast". Rodriguez landed some high-profile interviews with the grandparents of Caylee Anthony, Levi Johnston, and disgraced former Roman Catholic priest Alberto Cutié, who later became an Episcopal minister. Rodriguez stated that "If were to program a show for my viewing pleasure, I would make it all news ... t we're programming for all of America. We have to include Jon

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