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Tezozomoc Yacateteltetl (also Tezozómoc, Tezozomoctli, Tezozomoctzin; 1320 – 1426), was a Tepanec leader who ruled the ''
altepetl The (, plural ''altepeme'' or ''altepemeh'') was the local, ethnically-based political entity, usually translated into English as "city-state," of pre-Columbian Nahuatl-speaking societiesSmith 1997 p. 37 in the Americas. The ''altepetl'' was ...
'' (ethnic state) of
Azcapotzalco Azcapotzalco ( nci, Āzcapōtzalco , , from '' āzcapōtzalli'' “anthill” + '' -co'' “place”; literally, “In the place of the anthills”) is a borough (''demarcación territorial'') in Mexico City. Azcapotzalco is in the northwestern ...
from the year 1353 or Five Reed (1367) or Eight Rabbit (1370) until his death in the year Twelve Rabbit (1426). Histories written down in the early colonial period portray Tezozomoc as a military and political genius who oversaw an expansion of Tepanec influence, bringing about Azcapotzalco's dominance in the
Valley of Mexico The Valley of Mexico ( es, Valle de México) is a highlands plateau in central Mexico roughly coterminous with present-day Mexico City and the eastern half of the State of Mexico. Surrounded by mountains and volcanoes, the Valley of Mexico w ...
and beyond.


Biography

Tezozomoc was a son of Acolnahuacatzin and Cuetlaxochitzin. He is described by
Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl Fernando is a Spanish and Portuguese given name and a surname common in Spain, Portugal, Italy, France, Switzerland, former Spanish or Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Africa, the Philippines, India, and Sri Lanka. It is equivalent to the G ...
as a tyrant and: "the most cruel man who ever lived, proud, warlike and domineering. And he was so old, according to what appears in the histories, and to what elderly princes have told me, that they carried him about like a child swathed in feathers and soft skins; they always took him out into the sun to warm him up, and at night he slept between two great
brazier A brazier () is a container used to burn charcoal or other solid fuel for cooking, heating or cultural rituals. It often takes the form of a metal box or bowl with feet. Its elevation helps circulate air, feeding oxygen to the fire. Braziers h ...
s, and he never withdrew from their glow because he lacked natural heat. And he was very temperate in his eating and drinking and for this reason he lived so long." He approved the choice of King Huitzilihuitl in 1403 and gave him his daughter Ayauhcihuatl in marriage, notwithstanding the opposition of his son Maxtla. He declared war against the king of Texcoco, Techotlalatzin, and being defeated sued for peace; but after the latter's death he continued the war against his successor, Ixtlilxochitl I, whom he defeated and assassinated in 1419, usurping the crown of Texcoco. Upon Tezozomoc's death in the year Twelve Rabbit (1426), his son Tayatzin became a king, but Maxtla seized power at Azcapotzalco, leaving the rulership of Coyoacán to his son
Tecollotzin Tecollotzin was a ''Tlatoque'' (ruler) of Coyoacán altepetl in 15th century Mexico. Family He was a son of the Maxtla, the ruler of Coyoacán, and grandson of ruler Tezozomoc and Tzihuacxochitzin I. His aunt was Ayauhcihuatl (Aztec "empress" ...
. Tezozomoc was a grandfather of Tlacateotl, Matlalatzin, Huacaltzintli and Chimalpopoca and great-grandfather of Tezozomoc of Ecatepec.


Issue

His wives were
Chalchiuhcozcatzin Chalchiuhcozcatzin was a Queen of Azcapotzalco as a wife of the famous king Tezozomoc. She was his main wife.''Historia de La Nacin Chichimeca'' by Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl. His other wife was the Queen Tzihuacxochitzin I. Chalc ...
and
Tzihuacxochitzin I Tzihuacxochitzin I was a Queen consort of Azcapotzalco as a wife of the king Tezozomoc, who was very famous. She was a daughter of the noble dignitary called Huitzilaztatzin. She married Tezozomoc, and it is mentioned by Chimalpahin that they h ...
. According to the ''
Crónica mexicáyotl Crónica may refer to: * ''Crónica'' (newspaper), a Buenos Aires newspaper * Crónica Electrónica or Crónica, an independent media label based in Porto, Portugal * Crónica TV, an Argentine news cable channel *Crônica, a Portuguese-language f ...
'', Tezozomoc had several sons, all of whom he made rulers. With
Chalchiuhcozcatzin Chalchiuhcozcatzin was a Queen of Azcapotzalco as a wife of the famous king Tezozomoc. She was his main wife.''Historia de La Nacin Chichimeca'' by Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl. His other wife was the Queen Tzihuacxochitzin I. Chalc ...
, he had: *
Tayatzin Tayatzin was a king of Tepanec city of Azcapotzalco in Mexico. He is also called Quetzalayatzin. Biography He was born as a prince, the son of king Tezozomoc and queen Chalchiuhcozcatzin, who was Tezozomoc's main wife. His half-siblings were k ...
, who initially ruled after Tezozomoc's death but was later usurped by Maxtla. With
Tzihuacxochitzin I Tzihuacxochitzin I was a Queen consort of Azcapotzalco as a wife of the king Tezozomoc, who was very famous. She was a daughter of the noble dignitary called Huitzilaztatzin. She married Tezozomoc, and it is mentioned by Chimalpahin that they h ...
, he had: * Epcoatzin * Icel Azcatl * Itzpapalocihuatl * Aculnahuacatl Tzaqualcatl, who was installed as ruler of Tlacopan. * Tlacochcuecihuatl * Chichilocuili * Maxtla, who was installed as ruler of Coyoacán.Chimalpahin (1997): pp. 126–129. * Xaltemoctzin *
Xiuhcanahualtzin Xiuhcanahualtzin was a Princess of Azcapotzalco and Queen of Tlatelolco by marriage. Family She was a daughter of the king Tezozomoc and Tzihuacxochitzin and sister of the king Quaquapitzahuac. She married her nephew Tlacateotl, who was a succ ...
* Quaquapitzahuac, who was installed as ruler of Tlatelolco. With other women, he had: * Epcoatl, who was installed as ruler of Atlacuihuayan. * Tzihuactlayahuallohuatzin, who was installed as ruler of
Tiliuhcan Tlacopan, also called Tacuba, was a Tepanec / Mexica altepetl on the western shore of Lake Texcoco. The site is today the neighborhood of Tacuba, in Mexico City. Etymology The name comes from Classical Nahuatl ''tlacōtl'', "stem" or "rod" and ...
. * Ayauhcihuatl, married to Huitzilihuitl and had Chimalpopoca.


See also

* List of Tenochtitlan rulers


Notes


References

*


Further reading

*The Aztecs, Nigel Davies. {{DEFAULTSORT:Tezozomoc Rulers of Azcapotzalco 14th-century monarchs in North America 15th-century monarchs in North America 14th-century indigenous people of the Americas 15th-century indigenous people of the Americas Year of birth unknown 1426 deaths