Tadeusz Peiper (3 May 1891,

Kraków Kraków (), or Cracow, is the second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city dates back to the seventh century. Kraków was the official capital of Poland until 1596 ...

– 10 November 1969,

Warsaw Warsaw ( pl, Warszawa, ), officially the Capital City of Warsaw,, abbreviation: ''m.st. Warszawa'' is the capital and largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the River Vistula in east-central Poland, and its population is officia ...

) was a Polish poet, art critic, theoretician of literature and one of the precursors of the

avant-garde The avant-garde (; In 'advance guard' or ' vanguard', literally 'fore-guard') is a person or work that is experimental, radical, or unorthodox with respect to art, culture, or society.John Picchione, The New Avant-garde in Italy: Theoretical ...

movement in

Polish poetry Polish poetry has a centuries-old history, similar to the Polish literature. Prominent Polish poets include *Marcin Bielski (1495–1575); Polish historian, chronicler, writer and Renaissance satirical poet, first to use Polish, hence his designa ...

. Born to a

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

family, Peiper converted to

Catholicism The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

as a young man and spent several years in

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

. Marci Shore
''Caviar and Ashes: A Warsaw Generation's Life and Death in Marxism, 1918–1968.''
''

Yale University Press Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University. It was founded in 1908 by George Parmly Day, and became an official department of Yale University in 1961, but it remains financially and operationally autonomous. , Yale Universi ...

'' 2006, . He was a co-founder of the ''Awangarda krakowska'' ('Kraków Avant-garde') group of writers.Nina Kolesnikoff
''...Evolution from Futurism to Socialist Realism'', p. 37.
''

Wilfrid Laurier University Press Wilfrid Laurier University Press, based in Waterloo, Ontario, is a publisher of scholarly writing and is part of Wilfrid Laurier University. The fourth-largest university press in Canada, WLUP publishes work in a variety of disciplines in the hum ...

'' 1982, . In 1921, in the Second Polish Republic, he founded the ''Zwrotnica'' ('Railroad switch') monthly, devoted mostly to avant-garde movements in contemporary poetry. Although short-lived, the magazine (issued until 1923 and then briefly reactivated between 1926 and 1927), paved the way for young poets of the ''Awangarda krakowska'' group, among them

Julian Przyboś Julian Przyboś (5 March 1901 – 6 October 1970) was a Polish poet, essayist and translator, one of the most important poets of the Kraków Avant-Garde. Life Przyboś was born in Gwoźnica near Strzyżów to a peasant family. From 1912, he ...

, Jan Brzękowski and

Jalu Kurek Jalu Kurek (29 February 1904, in Kraków – 10 November 1983, in Rabka) was a Polish poet and prose writer, one of the figures of the so-called Kraków avant-garde. He was a laureate of the Young Poland Literary Award for the novel "Grypa szale ...

. Peiper also published three notable collections of poems, which were among the most notable pieces of ''constructivist'' Polish poetry. As an artist, Peiper believed that a writer should resemble a skilled craftsman, able to carefully plan his words. He coined the ''"3 x M"'' slogan ''Miasto, Masa, Maszyna'' ('City, Mass, Machine'), one of the memes of Polish poetry of the 1920s. Soon after

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

he wrote for ''

Tygodnik Powszechny ''Tygodnik Powszechny'' (, ''The Common Weekly'') is a Polish Roman Catholic weekly magazine, published in Kraków, which focuses on social, cultural and political issues. It was established in 1945 under the auspices of Cardinal Adam Stefan Sa ...

'' about

Adam Mickiewicz Adam Bernard Mickiewicz (; 24 December 179826 November 1855) was a Polish poet, dramatist, essayist, publicist, translator and political activist. He is regarded as national poet in Poland, Lithuania and Belarus. A principal figure in Polish Ro ...

. ''Tygodnik Powszechny. Kalendarium''
Retrieved October 11, 2011. Until his retirement, Peiper worked for Jerzy Borejsza.Marci Shore
''Caviar and Ashes'', p. 160.
/ref>

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Peiper, Tadeusz 1891 births 1969 deaths Converts to Roman Catholicism from Judaism 19th-century Polish Jews 20th-century Polish poets