Typhoon Warren

Typhoon Warren, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Huaning, struck the Philippines and China during July 1988. An area of disturbed weather developed within the vicinity of the Caroline Islands during the second week of July. A tropical depression developed southeast of Guam on July 12, and on the next day, intensified into a tropical storm. Tracking generally west-northwest, Warren deepened into a typhoon on July 14. The storm subsequently entered a period of rapid intensification, commencing with Warren reaching its highest intensity on July 16. The following evening, the typhoon brushed Luzon, resulting in a weakening trend, although Warren was still a typhoon when it made landfall near Shantou. Warren rapidly dissipated inland.

Across the Philippines, 3,560 houses were damaged and an additional 21,329 were destroyed, displacing 19,224 families. Six people were killed and damage was estimated at US$11.4 million. In Hong Kong, severe flooding occurred, especially in low-lying areas, several trees were downed, and there were reports of five landslides. There, 12 people suffered injuries and one individual was injured. In Shantou, six people perished, 106 others suffered injuries, 4,500 homes were destroyed, and 38,000 homes received damage. Throughout Guangdong Province, 150,000 homes were damaged and 13,000 others were destroyed. Overall, 17 people lost their lives, 153 people were wounded, and damage was estimated at $270 million.

Meteorological history

Typhoon Warren developed from an area of disorganized convection in the eastern Caroline Islands that was first noted by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) on July 11. An increase in organization and improved upper-level outflow promoted the JTWC to raise its development chances. A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert was issued for the system, which was located around southeast of Guam, at 05:30 UTC on July 12. Shortly thereafter, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) declared the system a tropical depression At noon, satellite images showed a central dense overcast and satellite intensity estimates supported winds of . At 16:00 UTC on July 12, the JTWC classified the system as a tropical depression. Tracking westward, the depression passed within north of Guam. On the morning of July 13, the depression was upgraded into Tropical Storm Warren by the JTWC, although post-storm analysis revealed that the depression actually became a tropical storm late on July 12. At 00:00 UTC on July 14, the JMA declared the system a tropical storm, with the JTWC upgrading Warren to a typhoon that evening.

Tracking west-northwestward while also accelerating, Warren continued to gradually deepen, and on the morning of July 15, the JMA designated Warren a severe tropical storm. At the time of the upgrade, Warren was located around east of Manila. Twenty-four hours later, the JMA upped Warren into a typhoon. Around this time, the storm entered a rapid intensification phase that commenced with the JTWC estimating that Warren reached its peak intensity of , equal to a low-end Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale, on July 16. Around the same time, the JMA estimated that Warren achieved its peak intensity of and a minimum barometric pressure of .

While tracking across the Philippine Sea, many tropical cyclone forecast models showed Warren tracking northward near Taiwan and eventually recurving out to sea. However, forecasters at the JTWC continued to predict a westward motion because satellite imagery and mid-level synoptic analysis showed a subtropical ridge to its north. According to the JTWC, the typhoon weakened slightly on July 17, though data from the JMA suggested that Warren maintained its maximum intensity until Warren skirted Luzon that evening. Land interaction resulted in some weakening, with the JTWC and JMA lowering the intensity of the typhoon to and at 00:00 UTC on July 18. After entering the South China Sea, Warren made landfall near the city of Shantou on the morning of July 19. At the time, the JTWC estimated winds of while the JMA reported winds of . The storm rapidly weakened overland, and the storm dissipated on July 20 over the province of Guangdong.

Preparations and impact

The inner core of the typhoon brushed the northern Philippines, prompting flooding that resulted in the suspension of classes. Around 60 people fled their homes in Baguio. Somewhere in the northern portion of the country, a man was killed when his motorcycle skidded on a slippery road as he went to inspect storm damage. Nationwide, the storm damaged of rice and of corn. Approximately 1,600 families lost access to drinking water. A total of 3,560 homes were damaged and an additional 21,329 were destroyed, which resulted in 102,169 people or 19,224 families that either sought shelter or were homeless. Six people were killed in the country. The storm inflicted US$11.4 million in damage to the country, including $10.1 million from infrastructure.

Further north, in Hong Kong, a No 1. hurricane signal was issued on July 18. Later that day, the signal was increased to a No. 3 signal, but on July 20, all signals were dropped. A minimum pressure of was recorded at the Hong Kong Royal Observatory (HKO) on July 19, when the storm made its closest approach to Hong Kong. Tai Mo Shan recorded a peak wind speed of . Meanwhile, Tate's Cairn observed a peak wind gust of . North Point observed of rain over a five-day period, including in a 24-hour period. In Hong Kong, severe flooding occurred, especially in low-lying areas, several trees were downed, and five minor landslides were reported. Many village houses were submerged. In Sheung Shui, more than 20 people were stranded. About of ponds were flooded and of fish were lost, worth $760,000. In addition, of agricultural land were also flooded, resulting in the drownings of 1,370 pigs and 133,000 poultry. Along the Tuen Mun Highway, a tree collapsed, damaging a van and injuring two men. Seventeen flights were called off at the airport and ferry services to Tap Mun, Macau, and mainland China were suspended. Throughout Hong Kong, 12 people were injured and a 5-year-old boy was reported missing after falling into the sea at a local park.

Throughout Shantou, six people were killed and 106 people were injured. There, of food were lost. About 4,500 houses and 14,000 huts collapsed, and 38,000 houses sustained damage. About of agricultural area were destroyed, of which were paddy fields. In addition, seven ships sunk and another 178 were damaged. Twenty-seven electricity sub-stations were destroyed and five hydroelectric power stations were damaged. In Jieyang, 749 power lines were downed. In Qiqihar, 14,000 structures were destroyed. However, the city of Canton, to the southwest of Shantou, was spared by the typhoon. Across Guangdong Province, power and phone service was knocked out for 24 hours. Province-wide, 13,000 homes were demolished, with 150,000 others damaged. A total of 270 bridges in addition to of telephone lines along with roughly of roads were destroyed. Close to of crops were flooded. According to press reports, 17 people were killed and 153 suffered injuries. Damage was estimated at $270 million, including $9.5 million from rice fields and $6 million from fruit trees.

See also

*Tropical Storm Warren (1984)

Notes

References

External links

Japan Meteorological Agency

Joint Typhoon Warning Center

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