The Adorers of the Sacred Heart of Jesus of Montmartre OSB is a Catholic order of

Benedictine nuns , image = Medalla San Benito.PNG , caption = Design on the obverse side of the Saint Benedict Medal , abbreviation = OSB , formation = , motto = (English: 'Pray and Work') , found ...

, often known as " Tyburn nuns". The order was founded in Paris but later moved to a new Mother House in London and established additional monasteries in nine other countries. The Nuns at the London monastery practise the Perpetual Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament and maintain a shrine dedicated to the Catholic martyrs of the English Reformation.

History

They were founded by a Frenchwoman, Marie-Adèle Garnier (Mother Marie de Saint-Pierre) in Montmartre (''Mount of the Martyr''), Paris in 1898. In 1901 the French legislature passed

Waldeck-Rousseau Pierre Marie René Ernest Waldeck-Rousseau (; 2 December 184610 August 1904) was a French Republican politician who served as the Prime Minister of France. Early life Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau was born in Nantes, Brittany. His father, René Wal ...

's ''Law of Associations'' which placed severe restrictions on religious bodies such as monasteries and convents and caused many of them to leave France. Mother Marie de Saint-Pierre therefore relocated the order in London in 1903, at

Tyburn Convent The Adorers of the Sacred Heart of Jesus of Montmartre OSB is a Catholic order of Benedictine nuns, often known as "Tyburn nuns". The order was founded in Paris but later moved to a new Mother House in London and established additional monasteries ...

, Bayswater Road, near Marble Arch. Near the convent was the site of Tyburn tree where 105 Catholic martyrs—including Saint Oliver Plunkett and

Saint Edmund Campion Edmund Campion, SJ (25 January 15401 December 1581) was an English Jesuit priest and martyr. While conducting an underground ministry in officially Anglican England, Campion was arrested by priest hunters. Convicted of high treason, he was h ...

—were executed during and following the

English Reformation The English Reformation took place in 16th-century England when the Church of England broke away from the authority of the pope and the Catholic Church. These events were part of the wider European Protestant Reformation, a religious and poli ...

from 1535 to 1681. The nuns established at Tyburn the Martyrs' Shrine to honour the more than 350 Catholic Martyrs who were executed in England during and after the Reformation.Tyburn Martyrs
at Tyburn Convent official website. Retrieved 23 February 2012 Tyburn Convent is now the Mother House of the Congregation.

Devotion

Mother Mary of St Peter founded the Adorers to carry out Adoration of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in the exposed Blessed Sacrament, originally in the Basilica of the Sacred Heart at Montmartre. The religious foundation then moved to enclosure and Adoration in the monastic setting, building up numbers towards Perpetual Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament by the community. This Adoration was to be made in reparation for offences against the Sacred Heart and the Blessed Sacrament. Mystical experiences in the early Congregation in France confirmed that Adoration was needed to atone for sacrileges and blasphemies against the Blessed Sacrament committed by priests and lay people. The Foundress at this time also discerned a particular charism of prayer for priests. Perpetual Adoration of the Blessed Sacrament has continued ever since the convent was established in London, except for wartime when the convent was bombed and Adoration was relocated to Wadhurst in the English countryside. Pilgrims and tourists from all over the world visit the shrine.Tess Livingstone
Tyburn Sisters' communities spread around the world
Website of AD2000 "a journal of religious opinion". Retrieved 23 February 2012

Rule of life

The Congregation follows the Rule of St Benedict as its rule of life. This is augmented by norms, a manual and a book of customs of the Congregation. The sisters wear the traditional black Benedictine habit, but with a modernised veil and guimpe (wimple). Postulants wear lay dress and a short black veil. Novices wear the habit with a white veil and white choir cloak. Junior professed sisters wear the black veil and Congregation medal and white choir cloak. Perpetually professed sisters wear the black veil, medal, ring, and white choir cowl. The Mass and the Liturgy of the Hours are recited in the vernacular (English, Spanish).

Expansion

The Tyburn community has opened other monasteries in Scotland, Ireland (at

Cobh Cobh ( ,), known from 1849 until 1920 as Queenstown, is a seaport town on the south coast of County Cork, Ireland. With a population of around 13,000 inhabitants, Cobh is on the south side of Great Island in Cork Harbour and home to Ireland's ...

), New Zealand (two foundations, ''Tyburn Monastery'' at Bombay, Auckland and ''Tyburn Monastery Cor Iesu Fons Vitae'' at Ngakaru, Rotorua in the Hamilton Diocese),

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

(at Riverstone), Peru, Ecuador,

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

, and France at St Loup-sur-Aujon close to the birthplace of the Foundress, Mother Marie Adèle Garnier. The Rome monastery has been temporarily closed, and the Riverstone monastery will shortly relocate further inland and closer to the Blue Mountains. Although the Congregation was founded to carry out Perpetual Adoration, today each monastery mostly only carries out Adoration during the day, and shares this with the laity. A new foundation in Africa opened, but had to be closed again soon afterwards. The Congregation has also offered assistance to ageing Benedictine communities in Europe. The Congregation numbers around 60 professed sisters worldwide in total, plus some sisters in formation.

Notes

External links

*{{Official, http://www.tyburnconvent.org.uk/ * Mother Xavier McMonagle
A review of ''Tyburn Convent ‘Gloria Deo’'' (2011 documentary film)
at CTS Catholic Compass. Retrieved 23 February 2012 1898 establishments in France Religious organizations established in 1898 Catholic religious institutes established in the 19th century Catholic female orders and societies Catholic Church in New Zealand Catholic Church in the United Kingdom Convents in England