The Tupolev Tu-110 (
NATO reporting name
NATO reporting names are code names for military equipment from Russia, China, and historically, the Eastern Bloc (Soviet Union and other nations of the Warsaw Pact). They provide unambiguous and easily understood English words in a uniform manne ...
: Cooker) was a jet
airliner
An airliner is a type of aircraft for transporting passengers and air cargo. Such aircraft are most often operated by airlines. Although the definition of an airliner can vary from country to country, an airliner is typically defined as an ...
designed and built in the
USSR, which saw its maiden flight in 1957.
Design and development
Realising that the export potential for the
Tupolev Tu-104
The Tupolev Tu-104 (NATO reporting name: Camel) is a retired twinjet, medium-range, narrow-body turbojet-powered Soviet airliner. It was the second to enter regular service, behind the British de Havilland Comet, and was the only jetliner operat ...
was limited, the Council of Ministers issued directive No. 1511–846 on 12 August 1956, requiring the Tupolev Design Bureau to develop a four-engined version of the Tu-104, to enable the aircraft to safely cross large expanses of ocean, and improve safety on takeoff in case of engine failure.
The Tu-110 was a major redesign of the Tu-104, powered by four
Lyulka AL-7 turbojets rated at 5,500
kgf (53.9
kN; 12,100
lbf
The pound of force or pound-force (symbol: lbf, sometimes lbf,) is a unit of force used in some systems of measurement, including English Engineering units and the foot–pound–second system.
Pound-force should not be confused with pound-m ...
) thrust each, with two staggered engines in the root of each extended centresection. The first prototype was flown on 11 March 1957.
Production of the Tu-110 was authorised at the
Kazan Aircraft Factory, with an initial order for ten aircraft, but only three aircraft were completed before the programme was terminated. The production aircraft featured extended-chord wings and enlarged baggage holds, as well as seating for up to 100 passengers in an all-tourist class seating arrangement.
All four aircraft were converted to Tu-110Bs with
Soloviev D-20
The Soloviev D-20P, built by the Soloviev Design Bureau, was a low-bypass turbofan engine rated at 52.9 kN (11,900 lbf) thrust used on the Tupolev Tu-124. A later derivative with increased bypass ratio, the D-20P-125, was developed in ...
turbofan engines, in an attempt to improve the performance of the aircraft, but to no avail. No further orders were forthcoming and the four Tu-110Bs were used for experimental work on avionics, missile systems and boundary layer control systems, remaining active into the 1970s.
Variants
Data from ''Tupolev Tu-104''
[Gordon and Rigmant 2007]
* Tu-110 – The sole prototype of the Tu-110 (CCCP-L5600).
* Tu-110A – Production aircraft with doubled seating capacity (all economy class), increased capacity baggage holds, increased area flaps and increased MTOW of 87,200 kg (182,320 lb). Three aircraft were built (CCCP-L5511 – L5513)
* Tu-110B – Experimental medium-haul versions converted from the prototype and three production aircraft, fitted with four Soloviev D-20 turbofan engines.
* Tu-110L – The prototype aircraft modified with boundary layer control supplied with bleed air from the D-20 turbofan engines.
* Tu-110D – A projected medium-haul airliner with four D-20 engines in paired nacelles on either side of the rear fuselage,
* Tu-117 – A projected military transport version with a rear fuselage loading ramp and defensive tail turret.
Specifications (Tu-110 1st prototype)
See also
References
Notes
Bibliography
* Gordon, Yefim and Vladimir Rigmant. ''Tupolev Tu-104''. Hinkley, UK: Midland, 2007. .
* Gunston, Bill. ''The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875– 1995''. London: Osprey, 1995. .
* Stroud, John. ''Soviet Transport Aircraft since 1945. London: Putnam, 1968. .
External links
* https://web.archive.org/web/20170104235506/http://www.oldwings.nl/st/tu104_107_110_114_116_124_126_134.pdf
{{Tupolev aircraft
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1950s Soviet airliners
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Cancelled aircraft projects
Low-wing aircraft
Abandoned civil aircraft projects
Aircraft first flown in 1957