Busbridge is a village and
civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties, or their combined form, the unitary authorit ...
in the borough of
Waverley Waverley may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* ''Waverley'' (novel), by Sir Walter Scott
** ''Waverley'' Overture, a work by Hector Berlioz inspired by Scott's novel
* Waverley Harrison, a character in the New Zealand soap opera ''Shortland Stree ...
in Surrey, England that adjoins the town of
Godalming. It forms part of the Waverley
ward
Ward may refer to:
Division or unit
* Hospital ward, a hospital division, floor, or room set aside for a particular class or group of patients, for example the psychiatric ward
* Prison ward, a division of a penal institution such as a pris ...
of ''
Bramley, Busbridge and
Hascombe
Hascombe is a village in Surrey, England. It contains a large cluster of cottages and country estates, St Peter's church, the village green, a fountain, pond, a central public house and is surrounded by steep wooded hillsides.
History
Above the ...
''. It was until the
Tudor period
The Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603 in England and Wales and includes the Elizabethan period during the reign of Elizabeth I until 1603. The Tudor period coincides with the dynasty of the House of Tudor in England that began wit ...
often recorded as Bushbridge and was a
manor and
hamlet
''The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'', often shortened to ''Hamlet'' (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play, with 29,551 words. Set in Denmark, the play depicts ...
of Godalming until gaining an
ecclesiastical parish
A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...
in 1865 complemented by a secular, civil parish in 1933.
Gertrude Jekyll lived at
Munstead Wood
Munstead Wood is a Grade I listed house and garden in Munstead Heath, Busbridge on the boundary of the town of Godalming in Surrey, England, south-east of the town centre. The garden was created by garden designer Gertrude Jekyll, and became ...
in the
Munstead Heath locality of the village.
Philip Carteret Webb
Philip Carteret Webb (14 August 1702 – 22 June 1770) was an English barrister, involved with the 18th-century antiquarian movement.
He became a member of the London Society of Antiquaries in 1747, and as its lawyer, was responsible for securin ...
and
Chauncy Hare Townshend
Chauncy Hare Townshend, whose surname was spelt by his parents as Townsend (20 April 1798, Godalming, Surrey – 25 February 1868), was a 19th-century English poet, clergyman, mesmerist, collector, dilettante and hypochondriac. He is mostly r ...
, the government lawyer/antiquarian and poet respectively owned its main estate, Busbridge House, the Busbridge Lakes element of which is a private landscape garden and woodland that hosts a wide range of waterfowl.
The parish covers northern, heavily wooded foothills of the
Greensand Ridge
The Greensand Ridge, also known as the Wealden Greensand is an extensive, prominent, often wooded, mixed greensand/sandstone escarpment in south-east England. Forming part of the Weald, a former dense forest in Sussex, Surrey and Kent, it r ...
and drains separately to east and west into tributaries of the
Wey.
History
Busbridge was wholly in the
Anglo-Saxon hundred
100 or one hundred (Roman numeral: C) is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101.
In medieval contexts, it may be described as the short hundred or five score in order to differentiate the English and Germanic use of "hundred" to des ...
of
Godalming, Surrey but had at the
Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manus ...
of 1086 no entries, being a rural, farmed part of Godalming and wooded part within
the Weald
The Weald () is an area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs. It crosses the counties of Hampshire, Surrey, Sussex and Kent. It has three separate parts: the sandstone "High Weald" in the ...
, a remnant forest stretching into
Sussex and West
Kent
Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west, and Essex to the north across the estuary of the River Thames; it faces ...
.
Upper Eashing or High
tithing
A tithing or tything was a historic English legal, administrative or territorial unit, originally ten hides (and hence, one tenth of a hundred). Tithings later came to be seen as subdivisions of a manor or civil parish. The tithing's leader or ...
in the 13th century
Hundred Rolls The Hundred Rolls are a census of England and parts of what is now Wales taken in the late thirteenth century. Often considered an attempt to produce a second Domesday Book, they are named after the hundreds by which most returns were recorded.
Th ...
formed early Busbridge, as the name Busbridge began to be used after de Bushbridge, the medieval family who came to own the manor by the 15th century. They came from
Kent
Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. It borders Greater London to the north-west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south-west, and Essex to the north across the estuary of the River Thames; it faces ...
and are first recorded here in 1384 as 'Burssabrugge' or 'Burrshebrugge'.
[
]
Manor
James de Bushbridge sold Bushbridge or Busbridge to John Eliot of Godalming under Henry VIII. His son William, born 1587, was knighted in 1620 and built the old house of Busbridge, to judge from the features of the building, and formed the park, having a (royal) grant of free warren
A free warren—often simply warren—is a type of franchise or privilege conveyed by a sovereign in medieval England to an English subject, promising to hold them harmless for killing game of certain species within a stipulated area, u ...
in his lands of in 1637, and died 1650. The heirs were son William (1624–1697) and then grandsons William, born (1671–1708) and Laurence, who sailed with Drake
Drake may refer to:
Animals
* A male duck
People and fictional characters
* Drake (surname), a list of people and fictional characters with the family name
* Drake (given name), a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* ...
round the world, and who sold the property in 1710. Subsequently the house passed through many owners. Among these was Philip Carteret Webb
Philip Carteret Webb (14 August 1702 – 22 June 1770) was an English barrister, involved with the 18th-century antiquarian movement.
He became a member of the London Society of Antiquaries in 1747, and as its lawyer, was responsible for securin ...
, FRS, born 1700, M.P. for Haslemere 1754–67 and solicitor to the Treasury 1756–65. He was a distinguished lawyer, antiquary, and collector. He died at Busbridge in 1770. The poet, Chauncy Hare Townshend
Chauncy Hare Townshend, whose surname was spelt by his parents as Townsend (20 April 1798, Godalming, Surrey – 25 February 1868), was a 19th-century English poet, clergyman, mesmerist, collector, dilettante and hypochondriac. He is mostly r ...
, was born at the house in 1798, his father having bought it two years earlier. By 1911 a Mr. P. Graham owned the house, having replaced it between 1906 and 1911 with a new house in the early 20th century Edwardian style.
Establishment of a church and two types of parish
The Church of St. John the Baptist is of Bargate stone with chalky limestone
Limestone ( calcium carbonate ) is a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is the main source of the material lime. It is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of . Limestone forms whe ...
quoins, a central tower and windows. It was built in a 13th-century style, consecrated on completion in 1867.[ Its designer was George Gilbert Scott, it is Grade II* listed; it technically lies just over the civil parish boundary in the borders of Crownpits/Holloway Hill in Godalming.
Busbridge gained an ]ecclesiastical parish
A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...
in 1865 complemented by a secular, civil parish in 1933.
Economy
The village's economy is bound closely to Godalming as the two settlements are contiguous
Contiguity or contiguous may refer to:
*Contiguous data storage, in computer science
*Contiguity (probability theory)
*Contiguity (psychology)
*Contiguous distribution of species, in biogeography
*Geographic contiguity of territorial land
*Contigu ...
, that is, the part of Busbridge where most of its residents live as it forms a scattered settlement, rather than a nucleated village A nucleated village, or clustered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement pattern. It is one of the terms used by geographers and landscape historians to classify settlements. It is most accurate with regard to planned settlements: its c ...
. The latter large town is formed of six surrounding suburban villages, together with an urban centre with a railway station on the Portsmouth Direct Line which runs from London, diverging from the SWML at Woking, and bordered on the far side by the A3. Two occupation groups employed approximately half of the workforce at the 2011 census, namely: managers, directors and senior officials (78 workers) and professional occupations (81 workers).[
]
Amenities
Recreation grounds
Busbridge Tennis Association is a community initiative which was fundamental in the process of renovating the tennis courts and recreation ground at the top of Holloway Hill and overlooking Godalming. In 2012 they secured £37,900 of Olympic Legacy Funding from Sport England
Sport England is a non-departmental public body under the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. Its role is to build the foundations of a community sport system by working with national governing bodies of sport, and other funded par ...
's Inspired Facilities Fund for flood lights on all four courts allowing for expansion with junior tennis training.
Parks, woodland and paths
Based on the area recorded by the Office for National Statistics
The Office for National Statistics (ONS; cy, Swyddfa Ystadegau Gwladol) is the executive office of the UK Statistics Authority, a non-ministerial department which reports directly to the UK Parliament.
Overview
The ONS is responsible for t ...
at the 2001 census to calculate population density, the parish covered – most of the centre and south-east of the parish is forested.[Grid square map]
Ordnance survey
Ordnance Survey (OS) is the national mapping agency for Great Britain. The agency's name indicates its original military purpose (see ordnance and surveying), which was to map Scotland in the wake of the Jacobite rising of 1745. There was a ...
website
Localities
Munstead Heath
This sparsely populated bulk of the parish has a minority of farmland but is otherwise part of the remaining area of The Weald
The Weald () is an area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs. It crosses the counties of Hampshire, Surrey, Sussex and Kent. It has three separate parts: the sandstone "High Weald" in the ...
, forming much of the green buffers between settlements in the south of the county.
A small triangular park, Munstead Wood extends from the heath a small way into one of Godalming's outer six suburban localities, Holloway Hill. This is grade II* listed in the 'park and gardens' category, containing Gertrude Jekyll's landscaped woodland home see landmarks below. North Munstead is a hamlet sometimes marked on most detailed maps toward Hascombe
Hascombe is a village in Surrey, England. It contains a large cluster of cottages and country estates, St Peter's church, the village green, a fountain, pond, a central public house and is surrounded by steep wooded hillsides.
History
Above the ...
. Its most notable location in the area is Winkworth Arboretum owned and maintained by the National Trust since after the Second World War.
Tuesley
Tuesley is a hamlet of the village 300m west of the main settled corner of Busbridge, used for strategic meetings under the formative manor system developed by them.
It is named for the Anglo-Saxon war-god Tīw and literally translates as his clearing (''Tīwes lēah''). This affirms the area as within the remnant Weald
The Weald () is an area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs. It crosses the counties of Hampshire, Surrey, Sussex and Kent. It has three separate parts: the sandstone "High Weald" in the ...
which is the Germanic Old English
Old English (, ), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the mid-5th c ...
for a forest, where trees were cut and a temple to the god created. Sometime in 7th century, the temple was consecrated by Christians and a small chapel was erected.
Tuesley appears in Domesday Book
Domesday Book () – the Middle English spelling of "Doomsday Book" – is a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William I, known as William the Conqueror. The manus ...
of 1086 as ''Tiwesle'' as a subsidiary manor of Godalming that rendered £2 to its overlord. It was held by Rannulf Flambard from (under) William the Conqueror
William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first House of Normandy, Norman List of English monarchs#House of Norman ...
and its recordable assets were: 1 hide and 1 plough and it had 8 households, one of which was a slave/serf.
In 1220 the name was ''Tiwerlei''. recorded in the Salisbury Register of St Osmund in 1220 as a chapel, still standing but in a ruinous state dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, the first church established in the manor, so known and recorded in Godalming records as "the mother church or the Oldminster" for centuries. By 1220, services were held only three times a year.Scheduled Ancient Monument
In the United Kingdom, a scheduled monument is a nationally important archaeological site or historic building, given protection against unauthorised change.
The various pieces of legislation that legally protect heritage assets from damage and d ...
Former St Mary's Church site A fair was held in the field on Lady Day
In the Western liturgical year, Lady Day is the traditional name in some English-speaking countries of the Feast of the Annunciation, which is celebrated on 25 March, and commemorates the visit of the archangel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary, durin ...
(a quarter-day in the same cycle as Christmas) until 1540.[ The foundations of the "minster" were partly excavated in 1860 before covered up – only dry-stone walls and boundary posts mark the rectangle of the buried ruins.][
In 1956 ''Tuesley Court Farm'' was acquired by a ]Roman Catholic
Roman or Romans most often refers to:
*Rome, the capital city of Italy
* Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD
* Roman people, the people of ancient Rome
*'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a let ...
Holy Order and renamed Ladywell Convent by the ''Lady Well'', part of the series of lakes forming much of the stream running through Busbridge, as part of this sale it acquired the earlier converted pagan sanctuary and erected a statue of the Virgin Mary
Mary; arc, ܡܪܝܡ, translit=Mariam; ar, مريم, translit=Maryam; grc, Μαρία, translit=María; la, Maria; cop, Ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ, translit=Maria was a first-century Jewish woman of Nazareth, the wife of Joseph and the mother of ...
. The convent is north of the stream and so, although associated with Tuesley Court, was a later addition and is not part of the hamlet or village, instead being still part of Godalming.
Hydestile (north-east only)
A small linear settlement
A linear settlement is a (normally small to medium-sized) settlement or group of buildings that is formed in a long line. Many of these settlements are formed along a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal. Others form due to physical re ...
on a minor crossroad, Hydestile includes Busbridge Court Farm which strengthens its partial connection with the village, other than the ancient boundaries still used for the civil and ecclesiastical parish
A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest, often termed a parish priest, who might be assisted by one or m ...
running to the crossroads. Hydon Hill, a Leonard Cheshire Disability
Leonard Cheshire is a major health and welfare charity working in the United Kingdom and running development projects around the world. It was founded in 1948 by Royal Air Force officer Group Captain Leonard Cheshire VC.
Leonard Cheshire's aim ...
hospice/retreat is in this part of Busbridge.
Landmarks
Munstead Wood
The main feature of Munstead Heath, which is a triangular woodland dotted with homes, is the Edwin Lutyens-built house (finished in 1897) of Gertrude Jekyll, one of the most important figures in gardening worldwide in the 19th and 20th centuries – this is Grade I listed.
Busbridge Lakes
Busbridge Lakes is a grade II* heritage site or landscape (in the parks and garden special category) listed
Listed may refer to:
* Listed, Bornholm, a fishing village on the Danish island of Bornholm
* Listed (MMM program), a television show on MuchMoreMusic
* Endangered species in biology
* Listed building, in architecture, designation of a historicall ...
for its manmade follies, grottos, clear lakes and wide range of trees and extends into the informal area of Ladywell, Tuesley, part of which is publicly accessible at no charge, such as the smallest lake, Lady Well, and the modern dry-stone walling above an Anglo-Saxon pagan shrine to the god Týr or Tiw, see above.
This consists of 3 lakes, nature trails and a wooded hillside containing a largest collection of wild waterfowl. The owners state the site has 130 species of swans, geese and ducks, many endangered, rare pheasants, cranes and other exotic birds. The landscape is open to the public on selected days, on private booking, open for schools, clubs and private parties.
Memorials
The village churchyard contains several significant memorials by architect, Edwin Lutyens, who also designed the house at Munstead Wood
Munstead Wood is a Grade I listed house and garden in Munstead Heath, Busbridge on the boundary of the town of Godalming in Surrey, England, south-east of the town centre. The garden was created by garden designer Gertrude Jekyll, and became ...
for his friend and collaborator Gertrude Jekyll. Lutyens designed Busbridge War Memorial, a Grade II* listed structure, unveiled in 1922, one of fifteen of his War Crosses, which share a similar design. The names of the village's war dead are listed on a plaque inside the church. He also designed memorials to Julia Jekyll (Gertrude's mother), Francis McLaren, and a joint memorial to Sir Herbert Jekyll (Gertrude's brother) and his wife Dame Agnes Jekyll, and to Gertrude herself.
Demography and housing
At the United Kingdom Census 2011
A census of the population of the United Kingdom is taken every ten years. The 2011 census was held in all countries of the UK on 27 March 2011. It was the first UK census which could be completed online via the Internet. The Office for National ...
the population stood at 21 higher than ten years earlier, living in 267 households.[
Population figures from older censuses are inaccurate for direct comparisons, due to parish boundary changes in the 1950s, which caused the population 'to decline' from 1,458 in 1951, to 1,039 in 1961 in line with the area lost to the adjoining town.A vision of Britain]
Units and Statistics: Retrieved 14 October 2013
The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%.
The proportion of households in the civil parish who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining % is made up of rented dwellings (plus a negligible % of households living rent-free).
Transport
Rail
The nearest stations are and on the Portsmouth Direct Line. These are approximately from the western side of the village.
Roads
The area is served by three mid-distance local roads converging on the south of Godalming, each scaling the wooded slopes of the Greensand Ridge
The Greensand Ridge, also known as the Wealden Greensand is an extensive, prominent, often wooded, mixed greensand/sandstone escarpment in south-east England. Forming part of the Weald, a former dense forest in Sussex, Surrey and Kent, it r ...
; none are dual carriageways. The main road through the village is the B2130 Brighton Road which connects Godalming and Dunsfold
Dunsfold is a village in the borough of Waverley, Surrey, England, 8.7 miles (14 kilometres) south of Guildford. It lies in the Weald and reaches in the north the southern escarpment of the Greensand Ridge. It includes the Wey and Arun Canal ...
.
References
External links
{{Hydrology of Surrey
Civil parishes in Surrey
Place names
Toponymy, toponymics, or toponomastics is the study of ''toponyms'' (proper names of places, also known as place names and geographic names), including their origins, meanings, usage and types. Toponym is the general term for a proper name of ...
Borough of Waverley