Tuensang District (Pron:/ˌtjuːənˈsæŋ/) is the largest
district
A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions o ...
in
Nagaland
Nagaland () is a landlocked state in the northeastern region of India. It is bordered by the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh to the north, Assam to the west, Manipur to the south and the Sagaing Region of Myanmar to the east. Its capital cit ...
, a state in North-East
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
. Its headquarters is in
Tuensang
Tuensang (Pron:/ˌtjuːənˈsæŋ/) is a town located in the north-eastern part of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is the headquarters of the Tuensang District and has a population of 36,774. The town was founded in 1947 for the purpose of admi ...
town.
History
Tuensang is one of the original three districts, along with
Mokokchung district
Mokokchung District (Pron:/ˌməʊkɒkˈtʃʌŋ/) is a districts of Nagaland, district of Nagaland state in India. The town of Mokokchung is its headquarters. The district is the home of the Ao Nagas. It is bounded by the state of Assam to its ...
and
Kohima district
Kohima District () is a List of districts of Nagaland, district of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is the home of the Angami Naga, Angami Naga people, Nagas. As of 2011, it is the second most populous district of Nagaland (out of then-List of d ...
formed at the time the state was created. Over the decades, the district has gradually diminished in size with the carving out of
Mon,
Longleng
Longleng (Pron:/ˈlɒŋˌlɛŋ/) is a town and the district headquarters of the Longleng District of Nagaland. The town is inhabited by the Phom Naga
Phom is a Naga tribe from Nagaland, India. Their traditional territory lies between the ter ...
,
Kiphire
{{Infobox settlement
, name = Kiphire
, native_name =
, native_name_lang =
, other_name =
, nickname =
, settlement_type = Town
, image_skyline =
, im ...
,
Noklak
Noklak is the headquarters of Noklak district. The district was officially inaugurated by Nagaland's Chief Minister, Neiphiu Rio on January 20, 2021, and is located in the easternmost part of India. Noklak district is the headquarter of Khiamn ...
and most recently
Shamator districts from it.
Special Provision in Indian Constitution
Owing to the extreme backwardness of this district, there was a special provision for the administration of Tuensang in the
Indian Constitution
The Constitution of India ( IAST: ) is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework that demarcates fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental r ...
. According to the provision, no act passed by the
Parliament
In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...
pertaining to the religious and social practices of Nagas, their customary law and procedure or ownership or transfer of land shall have any effect in Tuensang unless it is agreed upon by the
Nagaland Legislative Assembly
Nagaland Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Nagaland. Nagaland became a state of India on 1 December 1963 and after election in January 1964, the first Nagaland Legislative Assembly was formed on 11 Februa ...
by a resolution. The
Governor of Nagaland was given special powers on many important matters for the sake of good governance and development of the region. No act of legislature passed by the Nagaland Legislative Assembly had any effect unless it was approved by the Governor on the recommendation of the regional council. There was a special Ministry for Tuensang Affairs in Nagaland Government. The members to the Legislative Assembly were not elected directly by the people, but by a regional council. The council was formed by the Governor to look after the administration of the region. These provisions were meant to be in effect for a period of 10 years from the formation of Nagaland. These provisions were removed in 1973 after 10 years of their introduction.
Geography
The district shares a long and porous international border with
Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
all along its eastern sector. It is bounded by
Mon in the north east,
Longleng
Longleng (Pron:/ˈlɒŋˌlɛŋ/) is a town and the district headquarters of the Longleng District of Nagaland. The town is inhabited by the Phom Naga
Phom is a Naga tribe from Nagaland, India. Their traditional territory lies between the ter ...
in the North,
Mokokchung
Mokokchung (Pron: /ˌməʊkɒkˈtʃʌŋ/) is a municipality in the Mokokchung District of Nagaland, India. It serves as the district headquarters as well as the main urban hub of Mokokchung District. Mokokchung is the cultural nerve centre of t ...
and
Zunheboto in the West and
Kiphire
{{Infobox settlement
, name = Kiphire
, native_name =
, native_name_lang =
, other_name =
, nickname =
, settlement_type = Town
, image_skyline =
, im ...
in the South,
Shamator and
Noklak
Noklak is the headquarters of Noklak district. The district was officially inaugurated by Nagaland's Chief Minister, Neiphiu Rio on January 20, 2021, and is located in the easternmost part of India. Noklak district is the headquarter of Khiamn ...
in the east.. Dikhu and Tizu are the main rivers of the district.
Economy
In 2006 the
Ministry of Panchayati Raj
The Ministry of Panchayati Raj is a branch of the Government of India. Ministry of Panchayati Raj looks into all matters relating to the Panchayati Raj and Panchayati Raj Institutions. It was created in May 2004. The ministry is headed by a m ...
named Tuensang one of the country's 250
most backward districts (out of a total of
640).
[ It is one of the three districts in Nagaland currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).] The Likhimro Hydro project was commissioned in 2001.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census of India
The 2011 Census of India or the 15th Indian Census was conducted in two phases, house listing and population enumeration. The House listing phase began on 1 April 2010 and involved the collection of information about all buildings. Information ...
Tuensang district has a population
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a ...
of 196,596, roughly equal to the nation of Samoa
Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa; sm, Sāmoa, and until 1997 known as Western Samoa, is a Polynesian island country consisting of two main islands (Savai'i and Upolu); two smaller, inhabited islands (Manono Island, Manono an ...
. This gives it a ranking of 590th in India (out of a total of 640).[ Tuensang has a ]sex ratio
The sex ratio (or gender ratio) is usually defined as the ratio of males to females in a population. As explained by Fisher's principle, for evolutionary reasons this is typically about 1:1 in species which reproduce sexually. Many species devia ...
of 930 females
Female (symbol: ♀) is the sex of an organism that produces the large non-motile ova (egg cells), the type of gamete (sex cell) that fuses with the male gamete during sexual reproduction.
A female has larger gametes than a male. Females a ...
for every 1000 males,[ and a ]literacy rate
Literacy in its broadest sense describes "particular ways of thinking about and doing reading and writing" with the purpose of understanding or expressing thoughts or ideas in written form in some specific context of use. In other words, huma ...
of 73.7%.[
Changs, Sangtams, Yimkhiungs and Khiamniungans are the main indigenous tribes of this district.] Besides, Aos and Sümis form a small part of the district's population. Christianity is the main religion through animistic beliefs are still practised by a small minority, especially along the Myanmar border.
On January 20, 2021, a new district Noklak
Noklak is the headquarters of Noklak district. The district was officially inaugurated by Nagaland's Chief Minister, Neiphiu Rio on January 20, 2021, and is located in the easternmost part of India. Noklak district is the headquarter of Khiamn ...
was carved out of the Tuensang district. Subdivisions Nokhu, Noklak, Chingmei, Panso and Thonoknyu became part of the newly created Noklak district
Noklak District is the 12th district of the Indian state of Nagaland. It was established on January 20, 2021. The district headquarter is located in the town of Noklak.
History
Noklak district was created on 21 December 2017 as the 12th distr ...
, thus, reducing the population of Tuensang district to 137,296.
Languages
**Sangtam language
Sangtam, also called Thukumi, Isachanure, or Lophomi, is a Naga language spoken in northeast India. It is spoken in Kiphire District and in the Longkhim-Chare circle in Tuensang district, Nagaland, India.
Dialects
''Ethnologue
''Ethnologu ...
**Yimkhiungrü language
Yimkhiungrü, also Yachumi (Yatsumi) in Sümi, is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in northeast India by the Yimkhiung Naga people. It is spoken between Namchik and Patkoi in Shamator District, eastern Nagaland, India. Yimkhiungrü language has m ...
**Khiamniungan language
Khiamniungan is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by the Khiamniungan people in east-central Noklak District of Nagaland in northeastern India and in northwestern Burma. Most of the Khiamniungans in India are known to Pathso-Nyu which remains t ...
**Chang language
Chang (Changyanguh), or Mochungrr, is a Northern Naga language of northeastern India. It is spoken in 36 villages of Tuensang District in east-central Nagaland
Nagaland () is a landlocked state in the northeastern region of India. It is b ...
Flora and fauna
In 1984, Tuensang district became home to the Fakim Wildlife Sanctuary
A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, or features of geological or o ...
, which has an area of .
Transportation
Air
The nearest airport is Jorhat Airport
Jorhat Airport , also known as Rowriah Airport is a domestic airport serving Jorhat, Assam, India. It is located at Rowriah, which is situated 7 kilometres south-west from the city centre.
History
It was established in early 1950s and commonly ...
in Assam located 190 kilometres from district headquarters Tuensang
Tuensang (Pron:/ˌtjuːənˈsæŋ/) is a town located in the north-eastern part of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is the headquarters of the Tuensang District and has a population of 36,774. The town was founded in 1947 for the purpose of admi ...
. There is a helipad in Tuensang
Tuensang (Pron:/ˌtjuːənˈsæŋ/) is a town located in the north-eastern part of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is the headquarters of the Tuensang District and has a population of 36,774. The town was founded in 1947 for the purpose of admi ...
as well.
Rail
The nearest railway stations are Amguri railway station and Jorhat Town railway station
Jorhat Town railway station is a railway station in Jorhat district, Assam. Its code is JTTN and it serves Jorhat City. Jorhat Town Railway station consists of two platforms. (MXN), the biggest railway junction of the district which is 16  ...
located 150 kilometres and 190 kilometres from Tuensang respectively.
Road
The district is well-connected with roads. The NH 202 and NH 702B pass through the district alongside other intra-district roads.
See also
*Tuensang
Tuensang (Pron:/ˌtjuːənˈsæŋ/) is a town located in the north-eastern part of the Indian state of Nagaland. It is the headquarters of the Tuensang District and has a population of 36,774. The town was founded in 1947 for the purpose of admi ...
*Dimapur
Dimapur () is the largest city in the Indian state of Nagaland. As of 2011, the municipality had a population of 122,834. The city is the main gateway and commercial centre of Nagaland. Located near the border with Assam along the banks of the ...
*Nagaland
Nagaland () is a landlocked state in the northeastern region of India. It is bordered by the Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh to the north, Assam to the west, Manipur to the south and the Sagaing Region of Myanmar to the east. Its capital cit ...
References
External links
Official government site
{{Authority control
Districts of Nagaland
1961 establishments in Nagaland