''Truncatella subcylindrica'' is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

of small

land snail A land snail is any of the numerous species of snail that live on land, as opposed to the sea snails and freshwater snails. ''Land snail'' is the common name for terrestrial gastropod mollusks that have shells (those without shells are known as ...

that lives at the edge of the sea. It has

gill A gill () is a respiratory organ that many aquatic organisms use to extract dissolved oxygen from water and to excrete carbon dioxide. The gills of some species, such as hermit crabs, have adapted to allow respiration on land provided they are ...

s and an operculum and is

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is e ...

micromollusk A micromollusk is a shelled mollusk which is extremely small, even at full adult size. The word is usually, but not exclusively, applied to marine mollusks, although in addition, numerous species of land snails and freshwater mollusks also ...

in the family

Truncatellidae Truncatellidae, common name the "looping snails", is a family of small amphibious snails, with gills and an operculum, semi-marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks. Shell description This family of snails have small shells which lose th ...

. MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Truncatella subcylindrica (Linnaeus, 1767). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=141850 on 2022-11-06

Description

This species of snail has a

shell Shell may refer to: Architecture and design * Shell (structure), a thin structure ** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses ** Thin-shell structure Science Biology * Seashell, a hard o ...

which is light in color, and which can reach 5 mm in length. Like all other species in this genus, the shell loses its apical

whorls A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane floral ...

as it grows, giving it a truncated and cylindrical appearance.White N. (1999). ''Truncatella subcylindrica. Looping snail.''

Marine Life Information Network The Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) is an information system for marine biodiversity for Great Britain and Ireland Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster Scots dialect, Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic O ...

: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Sub-programme n-line Plymouth:

Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (MBA) is a learned society with a scientific laboratory that undertakes research in marine biology. The organisation was founded in 1884 and has been based in Plymouth since the Citadel H ...

. ited 19 June 2003 Available from:

Distribution

This snail is native to areas of the northeastern Atlantic coastline, from

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to ...

and the

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on the e ...

coast to the

Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Roma ...

. This native distribution includes

Great Britain Great Britain is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , it is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island and the ninth-largest island in the world. It is ...

. There are also some early records from the late 1800s for the eastern United States, on the coast of

Newport, Rhode Island Newport is an American seaside city on Aquidneck Island in Newport County, Rhode Island. It is located in Narragansett Bay, approximately southeast of Providence, Rhode Island, Providence, south of Fall River, Massachusetts, south of Boston, ...

, where it was presumably introduced.

Habitat

This species is found in marine coastal environments, near or just above the high tide line on stones and pebbles, fine sediments and decomposing vegetation. It prefers the edge of sheltered waters where the salinity is at 18–40

psu PSU may refer to: Organizations Military *Police Support Unit, a paramilitary wing of the Zimbabwe Republic Police *Port Security Unit, a U.S. Coast Guard expeditionary force protection unit Political parties * Parti Socialiste Unifié (disambig ...

Life cycle

The sexes are separate. Fertilized eggs are laid as egg capsules, which are attached to

detritus In biology, detritus () is dead particulate organic material, as distinguished from dissolved organic material. Detritus typically includes the bodies or fragments of bodies of dead organisms, and fecal material. Detritus typically hosts commun ...

References

This article incorporates public domain text from the referenceBenson A. (2008)
"''Truncatella subcylindrica''"

USGS The United States Geological Survey (USGS), formerly simply known as the Geological Survey, is a scientific agency of the United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, a ...

Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL. Revision Date: 22 April 2004. * Locard, A. (1894). Description des mollusques quaternaires nouveaux recueillis aux environs de Crémieu (Isère) par M. le Dr Jaquemet. Annales de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon (N.S.). 41: 201-220. * Rowson, B., Powell, H., Willing, M., Dobson, M. & Shaw, H. (2021). Freshwater Snails of Britain and Ireland. FSC Publications, Telford, UK.

External links

Linnaeus, C. (1767). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Ed. 12. 1., Regnum Animale. 1 & 2. Holmiae

Monterosato, T. A. di. (1878). Note sur quelques coquilles provenant des côtes d'Algérie. Supplément. Journal de Conchyliologie. 26 (4): 313-321

Issel, A. (1880). Crociera del Violante comandato dal capitano armatore Enrico d'Albertis dureante l'anno 1877. I. Parte narrativa (pp. 199-236). II. Risultati Scientifici. Cenni sulla geologia della Galita (pp. 237-258). Molluschi terrestri e d'acqua dolce, viventi e fossili (pp. 259-282). Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova. (1) 15: 199-282

Scacchi, A. (1836). Catalogus conchyliorum Regni Neapolitani. Neapoli (Naples): Typis Filiatre-Sebetii. 18 p., 1 pl.

Risso, A. (1826-1827). Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. Paris, F.G. Levrault. 3(XVI): 1-480, 14 pls.

Leach, W. E. (1852). Molluscorum Britanniae Synopsis. A synopsis of the Mollusca of Great Britain arranged according to their natural affinities and anatomical structure. Van Voorst, London, viii + 376 pp. (edited posthumously by J. E. Gray).

ayraudeau, B. C. (1826). Catalogue descriptif et méthodique des annelides et des mollusques de l'Ile de Corse; avec huit planches représentant quatre-vingt-huit espèces, dont soixante-huit nouvelles. 218 pp. Paris

Mousson, A. (1873). Diagnosen neuer Mollusken aus West-Marokko, von Dr. von Fritsch und Dr. Rein gesammelt. Malakozoologische Blätter. 21: 149-157. Cassel.

Shuttleworth, R. J. (1852). Diagnosen einiger neuen Mollusken aus den Canarischen Inseln. Mittheilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bern. 1852 (241/242): 137-146. Bern

Lowe, R. T. (1832). On the genera Melampus, Pedipes and Truncatella with experiments tending to demonstrate the nature of the respiratory organs of these Mollusca. Zoological Journal. 5: 280-305, pl. 13

Montagu, G. (1803). Testacea Britannica or natural history of British shells, marine, land, and fresh-water, including the most minute: Systematically arranged and embellished with figures. J. White, London, Vol. 1, xxxvii + 291 pp;; Vol. 2, pp. 293–606, pl. 1-16

Bucquoy, E., Dautzenberg, P. & Dollfus, G. (1882-1886). Les mollusques marins du Roussillon. Tome Ier. Gastropodes. Paris: Baillière & fils. 570 pp., 66 pls

Serres, M. de. (1853). Note sur les dépôts diluviens, les sables et les marnes teriaires d'eau douce mis à découvert lors des fondations du Palais-de-Justice de Montpellier. Revue et magasin de zoologie pure et appliquée, 2e série. 5: 446-461, 557-565

Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213

Shuttleworth, R. J. (1854). Beiträge zur näheren Kenntniss der Land- und Süsswasser-Mollusken der Insel Portorico (Schluss). Mittheilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Bern. 1854 (321/322): 89-103

Smith, E. A. (1896). A list of the land and freshwater Mollusca of Trinidad. Journal of Conchology. 8: 231-251, pl. 8, London

Martens, E. von. (1877). Land- und Süsswasser-Schnecken von Puerto Rico. Jahrbücher der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft. 4(3): 340-362, pl. 12

Guppy, R. J. L. (1893). The land and freshwater Mollusca of Trinidad. Journal of Conchology. 7: 210-231
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3140603 Truncatellidae Molluscs of the Atlantic Ocean Gastropods of Africa Marine molluscs of Europe Molluscs of the Black Sea Molluscs of the Mediterranean Sea Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Gastropods described in 1767