The trumpet manucode (''Phonygammus keraudrenii'')'' is a species of bird in the family Paradisaeidae. The trumpet manucode is named after its powerful and loud trumpeting calls. The

specific name Specific name may refer to: * in Database management systems, a system-assigned name that is unique within a particular database In taxonomy, either of these two meanings, each with its own set of rules: * Specific name (botany), the two-part (bino ...

, ''keraudrenii'', commemorates

French Navy The French Navy (french: Marine nationale, lit=National Navy), informally , is the maritime arm of the French Armed Forces and one of the five military service branches of France. It is among the largest and most powerful naval forces in t ...

physician

Pierre François Keraudren Pierre François Keraudren (15 May 1769 - 16 August 1858) was a scientist and physician in the French Navy. He was a native of Brest. Biography From 1813 to 1845 he served as Inspector General to the Health Department of the Navy. Keraudren wa ...

(1769-1858). The trumpet manucode is widely distributed throughout lowland rainforests of

New Guinea New Guinea (; Hiri Motu Hiri Motu, also known as Police Motu, Pidgin Motu, or just Hiri, is a language of Papua New Guinea, which is spoken in surrounding areas of Port Moresby (Capital of Papua New Guinea). It is a simplified version of ...

, northern

Cape York Peninsula Cape York Peninsula is a large peninsula located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest unspoiled wilderness in northern Australia.Mittermeier, R.E. et al. (2002). Wilderness: Earth’s last wild places. Mexico City: Agrupación ...

, the Aru Islands, and the

D'Entrecasteaux Islands D'Entrecasteaux Islands () are situated near the eastern tip of New Guinea in the Solomon Sea in Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. The group spans a distance of , has a total land area of approximately and is separated from the Papua New G ...

, though certain subspecies are geographically distinct. This species is

monogamous Monogamy ( ) is a form of Dyad (sociology), dyadic Intimate relationship, relationship in which an individual has only one Significant other, partner during their lifetime. Alternately, only one partner at any one time (Monogamy#Serial monogamy, ...

. Widespread and common throughout its large habitat range, the trumpet manucode is evaluated as Least Concern on the

IUCN Red List The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biol ...

of Threatened Species. It is listed on Appendix II of

CITES CITES (shorter name for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of interna ...

Description

The trumpet manucode is approximately long. It has elongated horn-like head tufts and loose neck feathers. The plumage is of an iridescent blackish glossed blue, green and purple. It has a red iris, long coiled

trachea The trachea, also known as the windpipe, is a Cartilage, cartilaginous tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs, allowing the passage of air, and so is present in almost all air-breathing animals with lungs. The trachea extends ...

, and blackish

bill Bill(s) may refer to: Common meanings * Banknote, paper cash (especially in the United States) * Bill (law), a proposed law put before a legislature * Invoice, commercial document issued by a seller to a buyer * Bill, a bird or animal's beak Plac ...

, mouth and legs. The female resembles the male, but is smaller in size and duller in color. Some of the subspecies vary slightly among themselves, most notably in size and iridescence color.

Diet

The diet consists mainly of fruits and

arthropods Arthropods (, (gen. ποδός)) are invertebrate animals with an exoskeleton, a Segmentation (biology), segmented body, and paired jointed appendages. Arthropods form the phylum Arthropoda. They are distinguished by their jointed limbs and Arth ...

Subspecies

* ''Phonygammus keraudrenii adelberti'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii aruensis'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii diamondi'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii gouldii'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii hunsteini'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii jamesi'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii keraudrenii'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii mayri'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii neumanni'' * ''Phonygammus keraudrenii purpureoviolacea''

Gallery

File:Manucodia keraudrenii by Bowdler Sharpe.jpg, Manucodia keraudrenii by Bowdler Sharpe File:Manucodia keraudrenii bis by Bowdler Sharpe.jpg, Manucodia keraudrenii by Bowdler Sharpe

References

External links