A troubled debt restructuring (TDR) is defined as a

debt restructuring Debt restructuring is a process that allows a private or public company or a sovereign entity facing cash flow problems and financial distress to reduce and renegotiate its delinquent debts to improve or restore liquidity so that it can contin ...

in which a

creditor A creditor or lender is a party (e.g., person, organization, company, or government) that has a claim on the services of a second party. It is a person or institution to whom money is owed. The first party, in general, has provided some property ...

, for economic or legal reasons related to a

debtor A debtor or debitor is a legal entity (legal person) that owes a debt to another entity. The entity may be an individual, a firm, a government, a company or other legal person. The counterparty is called a creditor. When the counterpart of th ...

's financial difficulties, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. As such, in order for a debt restructuring to be a considered a TDR, two conditions must be present: #The debtor must be experiencing financial difficulties. #The creditor must grant a concession in consequence of the debtor's financial difficulties. TDRs provide the borrower an alternative to declaring bankruptcy and the lender from taking total loss on the money owed via a private renegotiation. Studies have suggested that around half of TDRs are successful in providing long-run repayment stability and that firms with more intangible assets may have the most to gain via private renegotiation in lieu of bankruptcy proceedings and that in the future TDRs are likely to become more popular among managers of distressed companies.

References

Debt {{finance-stub