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The 1994 Pacific typhoon season was an extremely active season in the annual cycle of
tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...
formation Formation may refer to: Linguistics * Back-formation, the process of creating a new lexeme by removing or affixes * Word formation, the creation of a new word by adding affixes Mathematics and science * Cave formation or speleothem, a secondar ...
in the Western North Pacific, with a total of 32 tropical storms, where 19 of them reached typhoon strength, during the course of the season, much like the
Pacific hurricane season A Pacific hurricane is a mature tropical cyclone that develops within the northeastern and central Pacific Ocean to the east of 180°W, north of the equator. For tropical cyclone warning purposes, the northern Pacific is divided into three regio ...
. The season had no official bounds and it ran year-round in 1994, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November. Tropical storms that formed west of the date line were assigned a name by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
. The
World Meteorological Organization The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for promoting international cooperation on atmospheric science, climatology, hydrology and geophysics. The WMO originated from the Internati ...
-designated Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre for tropical cyclones for the region is the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
. Tropical depressions that entered or formed in the Philippine area of responsibility were assigned a name by the
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
or PAGASA. This can result in some storms having two names. The season started on January 4 with the formation of Tropical Depression 01W to the west of Yap, with the first tropical storm developing a few months later on April 1, and ended near the end of the year when Tropical Storm Bobbie dissipated in the open Pacific on December 25. During the season, 25 systems either threatened land or made landfall, killing over 2,400 people. The strongest storm of the season was Super Typhoon Doug, which affected
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
,
South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...
and
mainland China "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the People's Republic of China (including islands like Hainan or Chongming), excluding dependent territories of the PRC, and other territories within Greater China. ...
, while the deadliest storm was Super Typhoon Fred, which killed over 1,000 people in China. Earlier in the season, the combined effects of two tropical storms —Russ and Sharon —caused flooding in China that killed over 1,400. The season also saw two storms, Li and John, cross into the Western North Pacific from the east, while one storm, Tropical Storm Yuri, formed from a precursor low that had similarly crossed the
International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific O ...
. This season, PAGASA named 25 systems and had to use an auxiliary list to name some of them after running out of names from their standard list. Of the 25, three systems were not tracked by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center.


Season summary

ImageSize = width:1030 height:295 PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:20 left:20 Legend = columns:2 left:30 top:58 columnwidth:270 AlignBars = early DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:31/12/1993 till:01/01/1995 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMinor = grid:black unit:month increment:1 start:31/12/1993 Colors = id:canvas value:gray(0.88) id:GP value:red id:TD value:rgb(0.38,0.73,1) legend:Tropical_Depression_(TD)_=_<62_km/h_(<39_mph) id:TS value:rgb(0,0.98,0.96) legend:Tropical_Storm_(TS)_=_63-88_km/h_(39-54_mph) id:ST value:rgb(0.80,1,1) legend:Severe_Tropical_Storm_(STS)_=_89-117_km/h_(55-73_mph) id:TY value:rgb(0.99,0.69,0.6) legend:Typhoon_(TY)_=_>118_km/h_(>74_mph) Backgroundcolors = canvas:canvas BarData = barset:Hurricane bar:month PlotData= barset:Hurricane width:10 align:left fontsize:S shift:(4,-4) anchor:till from:31/12/1993 till:01/01/1994 color:TD text:"Nell" from:04/01/1994 till:05/01/1994 color:TD text:"Akang" barset:break from:31/03/1994 till:09/04/1994 color:ST text:"Owen" from:12/05/1994 till:17/05/1994 color:TY text:"Page" from:25/05/1994 till:26/05/1994 color:TD text:"Deling" from:27/05/1994 till:27/05/1994 color:TD text:"TD" from:03/06/1994 till:09/06/1994 color:ST text:"Russ" from:21/06/1994 till:25/06/1994 color:TS text:"Sharon" from:25/06/1994 till:29/06/1994 color:TD text:"Heling" from:03/07/1994 till:06/07/1994 color:TD text:"07W" from:07/07/1994 till:12/07/1994 color:TY text:"Tim" from:09/07/1994 till:11/07/1994 color:TS text:"Vanessa" from:14/07/1994 till:28/07/1994 color:TY text:"Walt" from:17/07/1994 till:21/07/1994 color:TS text:"Yunya" from:17/07/1994 till:24/07/1994 color:ST text:"Zeke" from:18/07/1994 till:23/07/1994 color:TD text:"TD" from:23/07/1994 till:24/07/1994 color:TD text:"TD" barset:break from:25/07/1994 till:31/07/1994 color:TS text:"Amy" from:25/07/1994 till:29/07/1994 color:TD text:"13W" from:25/07/1994 till:26/07/1994 color:TD text:"TD" from:25/07/1994 till:03/08/1994 color:TS text:"Brendan" from:28/07/1994 till:06/08/1994 color:TS text:"Caitlin" from:29/07/1994 till:29/07/1994 color:TD text:"TD" from:01/08/1994 till:13/08/1994 color:TY text:"
Doug Doug is a male personal name (or, depending on which definition of "personal name" one uses, part of a personal name). It is sometimes a given name (or "first name"), but more often it is hypocorism (affectionate variation of a personal name) which ...
" from:06/08/1994 till:16/08/1994 color:TY text:"Ellie" from:12/08/1994 till:17/08/1994 color:TS text:"Li" from:14/08/1994 till:23/08/1994 color:TY text:"
Fred Fred may refer to: People * Fred (name), including a list of people and characters with the name Mononym * Fred (cartoonist) (1931–2013), pen name of Fred Othon Aristidès, French * Fred (footballer, born 1949) (1949–2022), Frederico Ro ...
" from:20/08/1994 till:04/09/1994 color:TY text:"Gladys" from:23/08/1994 till:29/08/1994 color:TS text:"Harry" from:27/08/1994 till:04/09/1994 color:TY text:"Ivy" from:28/08/1994 till:08/09/1994 color:TY text:" John" from:29/08/1994 till:30/08/1994 color:TD text:"Tering" barset:break from:03/09/1994 till:03/09/1994 color:TD text:"TD" from:03/09/1994 till:06/09/1994 color:TS text:"Joel" from:03/09/1994 till:12/09/1994 color:TY text:"Kinna" from:07/09/1994 till:14/09/1994 color:TS text:"Luke" from:11/09/1994 till:19/09/1994 color:TY text:"Melissa" from:13/09/1994 till:14/09/1994 color:TD text:"Yaning" from:13/09/1994 till:14/09/1994 color:TD text:"TD" from:15/09/1994 till:22/09/1994 color:TS text:"Nat" from:17/09/1994 till:30/09/1994 color:TY text:"Orchid" from:21/09/1994 till:28/09/1994 color:TY text:"Pat" from:23/09/1994 till:23/09/1994 color:TD text:"TD" from:24/09/1994 till:26/09/1994 color:TS text:"Ruth" from:29/09/1994 till:06/10/1994 color:TD text:"31W" from:03/10/1994 till:12/10/1994 color:TY text:"Seth" from:16/10/1994 till:26/10/1994 color:TY text:"Teresa" barset:break from:16/10/1994 till:01/11/1994 color:TY text:"Verne" from:19/10/1994 till:01/11/1994 color:TY text:"Wilda" from:22/10/1994 till:26/10/1994 color:TS text:"Yuri" from:26/10/1994 till:07/11/1994 color:TY text:"Zelda" from:16/12/1994 till:27/12/1994 color:TY text:"Axel" from:18/12/1994 till:26/12/1994 color:ST text:"Bobbie" barset:skip bar:Month width:5 align:center fontsize:S shift:(0,-20) anchor:middle color:canvas from:31/12/1993 till:31/01/1994 text:January from:01/02/1994 till:28/02/1994 text:February from:01/03/1994 till:31/03/1994 text:March from:01/04/1994 till:30/04/1994 text:April from:01/05/1994 till:31/05/1994 text:May from:01/06/1994 till:30/06/1994 text:June from:01/07/1994 till:31/07/1994 text:July from:01/08/1994 till:31/08/1994 text:August from:01/09/1994 till:30/09/1994 text:September from:01/10/1994 till:31/10/1994 text:October from:01/11/1994 till:30/11/1994 text:November from:01/12/1994 till:31/12/1994 text:December
There were 41
tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...
s during 1994 in the Western North Pacific; 39 formed within the area while two, Tropical Storm Li and Typhoon John, formed in the Eastern North Pacific (east of
longitude Longitude (, ) is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east–west position of a point on the surface of the Earth, or another celestial body. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek letter l ...
140°W) and crossed the date line to enter this basin. Of the 39, 34 became tropical storms and were named, of which 17 became typhoons. The season started on January 4 with the formation of Tropical Depression One-W to the west of Yap, with the first tropical storm developing a few months later on April 1. The season ended late in the year after Tropical Storm Bobbie dissipated in the open Pacific on December 25. During the season, 25 systems either threatened land or made landfall, with eight striking the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, eight moving into China, six moving into
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
, and three striking
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
and China. A total of over 2,400 people perished during the season. The strongest storm of the season was Super Typhoon Doug, which affected
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
, South Korea and mainland China, while the deadliest storm was Super Typhoon Fred, which killed over 1,000 people in China. Earlier in the season, the combined effects of two tropical storms — Russ and Sharon — caused flooding in China that killed over 1,400. The season also saw two storms, Li and John, cross into the Western North Pacific from the east, while one storm, Tropical Storm Yuri, formed from a precursor low that had similarly crossed the
International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific O ...
. Hong Kong received 28 percent of its annual rainfall from tropical cyclones this season, which was slightly above normal.


Systems


Tropical Depression 01W (Akang)

The first tropical depression of the year was first observed as a poorly organized area of clouds, within a
trough Trough may refer to: In science * Trough (geology), a long depression less steep than a trench * Trough (meteorology), an elongated region of low atmospheric pressure * Trough (physics), the lowest point on a wave * Trough level (medicine), the l ...
of low pressure near the Caroline Islands during January 1. The system subsequently moved towards the north-northwest, while atmospheric convection surrounding the system organized further. As a result of this organization and a weather station on Chuuk island reporting wind speeds of , the JTWC issued a
Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) is a bulletin released by the U.S. Navy-operated Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii or the Fleet Weather Center in Norfolk, Virginia, warning of the possibility of a tropical cyclone forming ...
on the system during January 2. However the system did not become a significant tropical cyclone during January 3, as it was not able to sustain its convective organization. The system was subsequently classified as a tropical depression on January 4 while the system was about , west of Yap. Tropical Depression 01W made landfall on Samar Island in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
on the evening of January 5, following which the depression started to weaken. The final warning was issued early on January 6 after the system lost all its deep convection. A total of 35 to 45 deaths were reported, with over 69 million
Philippine peso The Philippine peso, also referred to by its Tagalog name ''piso'' (Philippine English: , , plural pesos; tl, piso ; sign: ₱; code: PHP), is the official currency of the Philippines. It is subdivided into 100 ''sentimo'', also called ce ...
s (1994 pesos) or $2.4 million (1994 USD) in damage reported. It caused a major flood event in the Philippines. A total of at least 16,000 people had to take refuge in government-run shelters during and after the storm.


Severe Tropical Storm Owen (Bising)

Typhoon Owen formed from a tropical disturbance which was originally identified within a
near-equatorial trough The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ ), known by sailors as the doldrums or the calms because of its monotonous windless weather, is the area where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. It encircles Earth near the thermal e ...
over
Micronesia Micronesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of about 2,000 small islands in the western Pacific Ocean. It has a close shared cultural history with three other island regions: the Philippines to the west, Polynesia to the east, and ...
. The disturbance was first mentioned by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
on March 29. By March 31, a distinct area within the trough showing signs of cyclonic spin appeared, and the JTWC initiated advisories on Tropical Depression 02W soon afterwards. Meanwhile, the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
classified the system as a tropical storm, Tropical Storm 9401. It was located about west-northwest of Yap. Owen continued to strengthen, with the JMA classifying it a severe tropical storm on April 3. According to the JTWC, Owen reached typhoon intensity at the same time the JMA classified it a severe tropical storm. The storm tracked southwest to west-southwestward, and reached its peak intensity of from the JTWC ( from the JMA) on April 4, shortly before landfall between
Leyte Leyte ( ) is an island in the Visayas group of islands in the Philippines. It is eighth-largest and sixth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 2,626,970 as of 2020 census. Since the accessibility of land has be ...
and
Mindanao Mindanao ( ) ( Jawi: مينداناو) is the second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the island is part of an island group of ...
. A reading taken late on April 3 at Guiuan on
Samar Samar ( ) is the third-largest and seventh-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 1,909,537 as of the 2020 census. It is located in the eastern Visayas, which are in the central Philippines. The island is divided in ...
reported sustained winds of . It weakened to a tropical storm overland, before it restrengthened slightly after emerging into the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
. A drilling rig reported sustained winds. Soon afterwards, the cyclone dissipated over water northwest of
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
on April 9. Owen's west-southwestward track shortly before landfall was rare. Owen was one of just two April typhoons in the previous 36 years — the other being Typhoon Wanda of the 1971 season – to make landfall while moving west-southwestward. Owen's later recurvature in the South China Sea was also unusual; it recurved at a
latitude In geography, latitude is a coordinate that specifies the north– south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body. Latitude is given as an angle that ranges from –90° at the south pole to 90° at the north pol ...
of only about 13°N, about 3° south of the average latitude for recurvature in the South China Sea in April. Owen's impact on the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
was widespread, with nine provinces being declared under a "state of calamity" by
President of the Philippines The president of the Philippines ( fil, Pangulo ng Pilipinas, sometimes referred to as ''Presidente ng Pilipinas'') is the head of state, head of government and chief executive of the Philippines. The president leads the executive branch of t ...
Fidel Ramos Fidel Valdez Ramos (, ; March 18, 1928 – July 31, 2022), popularly known as FVR and Eddie Ramos, was a Filipino general and politician who served as the 12th president of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998. He was the only career military ...
. At least 10 people were killed with 5 others missing, and a further 14 fishermen feared drowned. A total of 33 were reported wounded. Over 9000 families were affected by Owen. No damage was reported to the drilling rig in the South China Sea. In
Okinawa is a prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 km2 (880 sq mi). Naha is the capital and largest city ...
, heavy rains were reported on
Yonaguni , one of the Yaeyama Islands, is the westernmost inhabited island of Japan, lying from the east coast of Taiwan, between the East China Sea and the Pacific Ocean proper. The island is administered as the Towns of Japan, town of Yonaguni, Okina ...
, with a total reported precipitation amount of . The peak winds measured at Yonaguni in association with Typhoon Owen were .


Typhoon Page (Klaring)

On May 8, a large increase in deep convection associated with
near-equatorial trough The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ ), known by sailors as the doldrums or the calms because of its monotonous windless weather, is the area where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. It encircles Earth near the thermal e ...
s was noted in the eastern Caroline Islands. By the next morning, visible satellite imagery showed an increase in organization of the deep convection associated with the system, and synoptic reports from buoys confirmed that a low-level circulation centre was present near . Slow development ensued, and the system was upgraded to a tropical depression on May 12. At the same time, the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
began tracking the system, about west-southwest of
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
. Page moved on a northwestward track for the next couple days while slowly strengthening. Page was upgraded to a tropical storm by the JTWC late on May 12, when it was located north of Yap, while the JMA first considered the system a tropical storm on May 13. Late on May 13, Page suddenly slowed in forward speed and began turning to the northeast. On May 14, Page became a typhoon. However, the JMA did not follow suit until 30 hours later. Page reached its maximum intensity of and minimum pressure of thirty hours after passing the point of recurvature. Final warnings were issued by both the JTWC and the JMA early on May 18, as it began
extratropical transition Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth. Extratropical cyclones are capable of p ...
around east-southeast of Tokyo. Page had the largest average track forecast errors of all the typhoons in 1994, mainly due to failures in expecting its recurvature. Furthermore, Page's late attainment of maximum intensity, at 30 hours after point of recurvature, is not common. Between 1978 and 1993, only seven of 77 typhoons attained peak intensity more than 24 hours after recurving. Large waves and high tides generated by Page affected the western
Mariana Islands The Mariana Islands (; also the Marianas; in Chamorro: ''Manislan Mariånas'') are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, betw ...
. A few tourists had to be rescued from high surf and strong currents on
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
. Minimal rainfall was recorded in Japan, the highest recorded total was in
Kumagaya, Saitama is a Cities of Japan, city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 195,277 in 87,827 households and a population density of 1200 persons per km². The total area of the city is . Geography Kumagaya is one ...
. At
Mount Tsukuba is an mountain located at the northern-end of Tsukuba, Japan. It is one of the most famous mountains in Japan, particularly well known for its double peaks, and . Many people climb the so-called "purple mountain" every year for the panorami ...
, a maximum sustained wind speed of was recorded.


Tropical Depression 04W (Deling)

On May 14, an area of deep convection associated with a weak cyclonic circulation near Kosrae was mentioned in the JTWC's 0600 UTC Significant Tropical Weather Advisory. For the next five days, this weak circulation tracked west-northwestward in the direction of
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
, before turning to the west-southwest, but convection failed to consolidate near the centre during this time. After passing close to
Palau Palau,, officially the Republic of Palau and historically ''Belau'', ''Palaos'' or ''Pelew'', is an island country and microstate in the western Pacific. The nation has approximately 340 islands and connects the western chain of the Caro ...
on May 21, it turned northwest and entered the
Philippine Sea The Philippine Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the Philippine archipelago (hence the name), the largest in the world, occupying an estimated surface area of . The Philippine Sea Plate forms the floor of the sea. Its ...
, and was named ''Deling'' by PAGASA early on May 23 local time. Shortly after,
SSM/I The Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) is a seven-channel, four-frequency, linearly polarized passive microwave radiometer system.Hollinger, J.P. 1989: ''DMSP Special Sensor Microwave/Imager Calibration/Validation''. Final Report, Vol. I., Spac ...
imagery indicated the presence of a well-defined low-level circulation centre, and visible and infrared satellite images indicated an increase in organisation of the system and a consolidation of deep convection near the centre. Based on this, a
Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert A Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) is a bulletin released by the U.S. Navy-operated Joint Typhoon Warning Center in Honolulu, Hawaii or the Fleet Weather Center in Norfolk, Virginia, warning of the possibility of a tropical cyclone forming ...
was issued by the JTWC at 0600 UTC. The first warning was issued a day later when the amount of deep convection near the centre increased as the depression neared the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
. While over the Philippine islands, a large mesoscale convective system (MCS) developed near the centre of the tropical depression, something that would occur again later while the system was west of
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
. Soon after the second MCS weakened, the system made landfall in central
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
on May 26, and quickly dissipated when inland. The
Hong Kong Observatory The Hong Kong Observatory is a weather forecast agency of the government of Hong Kong. The Observatory forecasts the weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also monitors and makes assessments on radiation levels in Ho ...
tracked this system as a weak tropical depression from May 25 UTC when it was about southeast of
Xisha The Paracel Islands, also known as the Xisha Islands () and the Hoang Sa Archipelago ( vi, Quần đảo Hoàng Sa, lit=Yellow Sand Archipelago), are a disputed archipelago in the South China Sea. The archipelago includes about 130 small coral ...
for about 24 hours before it dissipated. According to press reports, over 2,000 people were forced to evacuate from
Davao City Davao City, officially the City of Davao ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Dabaw; ), is a first class highly urbanized city in the Davao Region, Philippines. The city has a total land area of , making it the largest city in the Philippines in terms of lan ...
, despite no reports of significantly high winds or low pressures, as the system caused heavy rainfall that produced heavy flooding that killed five people and left at least one person missing.


Severe Tropical Storm Russ (Emang)

Tropical Storm Russ was one of just three storms to cause the
Hong Kong Observatory The Hong Kong Observatory is a weather forecast agency of the government of Hong Kong. The Observatory forecasts the weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also monitors and makes assessments on radiation levels in Ho ...
to raise Tropical Cyclone Signal #3 in the 1994 season. Russ was first spotted on June 2, about east of
Hainan Island Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
as a tropical disturbance. Deep convection over the circulation center soon improved, and the
Hong Kong Observatory The Hong Kong Observatory is a weather forecast agency of the government of Hong Kong. The Observatory forecasts the weather and issues warnings on weather-related hazards. It also monitors and makes assessments on radiation levels in Ho ...
had declared it a tropical depression on June 3 when it was located about south of Hong Kong. The system initially moved east to northeast while slowly strengthening. Russ became a tropical storm on the evening of June 4, passing just south of
Dongsha Pratas Island,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also known as the Tungsha Islands or the Dongsha Islands (), is a coral island situated in the northern part of the South China Sea administered as part of Cijin District, Kao ...
that night.
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
then named the system ''Emang'', shortly before it made a clockwise loop and started to move back towards the west-southwest, intensifying. Russ made landfall on June 8 on the northeastern
Luichow Peninsula The Leizhou Peninsula, alternately romanized as the Luichow Peninsula, is a peninsula in the southernmost part of Guangdong province in South China. History Qing naval forces were stationed at the Leizhou Peninsula. During the 19th century, ...
, and weakened inland. The extratropical remnants continued east-northeast toward Japan before dissipating. The maximum wind gust in Hong Kong was reported at Tai Mo Shan, where a gust to was recorded on June 7. Maximum daily rainfall in the territory was recorded at
Yuen Long Yuen Long is a town in the western New Territories, Hong Kong. To its west lie Hung Shui Kiu (), Tin Shui Wai, Lau Fau Shan and Ha Tsuen, to the south Shap Pat Heung and Tai Tong, to the east Au Tau and Kam Tin (), and to the north Nam Sang W ...
on June 8, when was reported. Russ killed at least 74 people in
Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
,
Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
and
Guangxi Guangxi (; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the People's Republic ...
Provinces and injured another 726 people. 16 others were reported missing. of farmland in the three provinces were destroyed by floods from Russ. Around 725,000 houses were destroyed. Total damage was estimated at 6.3 billion
RMB The renminbi (; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's most traded currencies, ranking as the fifth most traded currency in the world as of April 2022. ...
(1994 RMB), or $727.5 million (1994 USD).Canada.com: the Currency Sie
FXConverter Results – Currency Converter for 164 Currencies.
Retrieved on 2008-11-27.


Tropical Storm Sharon (Gading)

In mid-June, not long after Tropical Storm Russ had made landfall, an area of convection south of Chuuk within the
near-equatorial trough The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ ), known by sailors as the doldrums or the calms because of its monotonous windless weather, is the area where the northeast and the southeast trade winds converge. It encircles Earth near the thermal e ...
began to consolidate. The system moved west-northwest as it began to organize on June 20. Acquiring tropical depression strength on June 21, intensification halted due to vertical wind shear. Subsequent weakened led to its dissipation as a tropical depression by June 22.
PAGASA Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
named the system Gading as it neared the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, and twelve hours after the final warning was issued, convection once again built up, and a new warning was issued. The
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
issued their first warning on Tropical Storm 9404 a day later. As it crossed
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
, Sharon caused flooding and released mudflows from Mount Pinatubo, killing two people. Traffic on two main highways near
Manila Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populate ...
was disrupted by the mud. After crossing Luzon, Sharon reached its peak, with vertical shear inhibiting further intensification. It made landfall on June 25 around east-northeast of Zhanjiang, or east of where Tropical Storm Russ had made landfall just weeks before. Winds gusted to at Tai Mo Shan in Hong Kong. Sharon claimed 11 lives in the seas off Hong Kong, and the combined flooding effects of Russ and Sharon reportedly left more than 1,400 people dead, and caused over $6 billion (1994 USD) in damage.


Tropical Depression 07W

Tropical Depression 07W developed in the monsoon trough on June 29, well east of the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
. Warnings were initiated at 0000 UTC June 3 when the system was approximately southeast of
Dongsha Pratas Island,, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency also known as the Tungsha Islands or the Dongsha Islands (), is a coral island situated in the northern part of the South China Sea administered as part of Cijin District, Kao ...
. It reached its maximum intensity shortly before landfall on July 4. Flooding associated with Tropical Depression 07W in western
Guangdong Province Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
killed four people and left two others missing, and destroyed over 6,700 houses while leaving another 50,000 damaged. of farmland were ruined, and irrigation facilities were damaged. Total losses from the storm in Guangdong were estimated to be $114 million (1994 USD). In Guangxi Province, the storm killed six others, and left over 30,000 people homeless.


Typhoon Tim (Iliang)

A tropical disturbance formed in the Caroline Islands on July 5 south of a
tropical upper tropospheric trough A tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT), also known as the mid-oceanic trough, is a trough situated in the upper-level (at about 200 hPa) tropics. Its formation is usually caused by the intrusion of energy and wind from the mid-latitudes into th ...
. The system organized into a tropical depression on the morning on July 6. Moving northwest, the depression strengthened into a tropical storm as it approached 130°E on the morning of July 8. Rapid intensification ensued, with Tim reaching typhoon intensity late on July 8, peaking at on July 10. From July 9 to July 11, Tim and Tropical Storm Vanessa engaged in a
Fujiwara interaction The Fujiwhara effect, sometimes referred to as the Fujiwara effect, Fujiw(h)ara interaction or binary interaction, is a phenomenon that occurs when two nearby cyclonic vortices move around each other and close the distance between the circulations ...
, and Tim absorbed the smaller Vanessa into its southeastern quadrant. Late on July 10, Tim struck
Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...
, bringing gusts of to Chengkung as it made landfall about south of
Taipei Taipei (), officially Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Located in Northern Taiwan, Taipei City is an enclave of the municipality of New Taipei City that sits about southwest of the n ...
. Continuing northwest, Tim moved into mainland China as a weaker typhoon, crossing the coast about south-southwest of
Fuzhou Fuzhou (; , Fuzhounese: Hokchew, ''Hók-ciŭ''), alternately romanized as Foochow, is the capital and one of the largest cities in Fujian province, China. Along with the many counties of Ningde, those of Fuzhou are considered to constitute t ...
. It dissipated well inland on July 11. Damage was widespread in Taiwan, where Tim killed at least 19 people and left another 11 missing, and where 67 people reported injuries. A freighter with 97 mainland Chinese on board ran aground near
Suao Su'ao Township (), alternately romanized as Su-ao, is located in southern Yilan County, Taiwan, is an urban township that is famous for its seafood restaurants and cold springs. It is a terminus of National Highway No. 5, the Su'ao-Hualien ...
. About of farmland was flooded, and more than 300 buildings collapsed during the storm. The bad weather also disrupted international flights, and knocked out electricity to over 2 million households.
NT$ The New Taiwan dollar (code: TWD; symbol: NT$, also abbreviated as NT) is the official currency of Taiwan. The New Taiwan dollar has been the currency of Taiwan since 1949, when it replaced the Old Taiwan dollar, at a rate of 40,000 old dollars ...
2 billion (1994 TWD), or US$75 million (1994 dollars), was the reported cost of damage. In
Fujian Province Fujian (; alternately romanized as Fukien or Hokkien) is a province on the southeastern coast of China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, Guangdong to the south, and the Taiwan Strait to the east. Its cap ...
, Typhoon Tim killed three people and flooded of farmland, with damages estimated at 1.5 billion
renminbi The renminbi (; symbol: ¥; ISO code: CNY; abbreviation: RMB) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China and one of the world's most traded currencies, ranking as the fifth most traded currency in the world as of April 2022. ...
(1994 RMB), or $173.5 million (1994 USD). Tim was also responsible for 14 deaths and 6 injuries in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
(
Pangasinan Pangasinan, officially the Province of Pangasinan ( pag, Luyag/Probinsia na Pangasinan, ; ilo, Probinsia ti Pangasinan; tl, Lalawigan ng Pangasinan), is a coastal province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region of Luzon. Its capit ...
,
Ilocos Sur Ilocos Sur, officially the Province of Ilocos Sur ( ilo, Probinsia ti Ilocos Sur; tl, Lalawigan ng Ilocos Sur), is a province in the Philippines located in the Ilocos Region in Luzon. Located on the mouth of the Mestizo River is the capital o ...
and Ilocos Norte provinces) as it passed near the area.


Tropical Storm Vanessa (Loleng)

As Tim developed in the
Philippine Sea The Philippine Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the Philippine archipelago (hence the name), the largest in the world, occupying an estimated surface area of . The Philippine Sea Plate forms the floor of the sea. Its ...
, a tropical disturbance in the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
began to show development. Becoming a tropical depression late on July 8, it strengthened into a tropical storm early on July 9, with both the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
and the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
classifying it a tropical storm. Vanessa made an anti-clockwise loop and then started to move northeastward under the steering influence of a monsoon flow and Typhoon Tim's circulation, reaching a peak intensity of west of
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
before it was absorbed by the larger typhoon. The final warning was issued on July 11 after it was determined that Vanessa's circulation had been absorbed. Vanessa was responsible for three deaths in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, where it was known as Loleng.


Typhoon Walt (Miding)

Walt was part of a three tropical cyclone outbreak along a reverse-oriented monsoon trough (aligned northeast–southwest rather than the usual northwest–southeast orientation.) By July 11, a thunderstorm cluster developed near Palau. The disturbance moved slowly northwest, becoming a tropical depression late on July 14. As it neared the 15th parallel, Walt turned to the northeast and intensified. By the afternoon of July 19 the cyclone had become a super typhoon, the first of the season, an intensity it maintained for a day. While slowly weakening, Walt turned to the west. By the morning of July 23 the cyclone had dropped down to tropical storm strength as it turned to the north for a couple days. The storm turned back to the west, making landfall on the southwest end of Shikoku as a moderate tropical storm, bringing wind gusts to tropical storm force. The cyclone dissipated south of Korea by early on July 27. Rainfall across South Korea helped improve severe drought conditions.


Tropical Storm Yunya (Norming)

The disturbance that was to become Tropical Storm Yunya was first mentioned on July 16 by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
when it was located in the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
as cloudiness in a reverse-oriented monsoon trough. A weak low-level circulation was identified through animated satellite imagery and synoptic data early that morning. Moving east-northeast, the system strengthened into Tropical Depression 11W by July 18. At 0600 UTC that day, the
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
declared the formation of Tropical Storm Yunya. Yunya continued to undergo gradual strengthening, reaching its peak strength near landfall in northwest
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
on the morning of July 19. As it tracked over land, it became disorganized and weakened to a minimal tropical storm. In the
Philippine Sea The Philippine Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean east of the Philippine archipelago (hence the name), the largest in the world, occupying an estimated surface area of . The Philippine Sea Plate forms the floor of the sea. Its ...
, Yunya briefly restrengthened and reached a secondary peak of . The JMA discontinued warnings after it deemed Yunya to have dropped below tropical storm intensity at 1800 UTC that day, while the JTWC continued monitoring the tropical depression until convection decreased and the storm dissipated on July 21. During its life, Yunya had an unusual eastward motion, which was due to the reverse-oriented monsoon trough. Yunya was also a small system, and appeared to have been undergoing a period of rapid organisation of convection shortly before it made landfall. Heavy rain from Yunya caused landslides of
volcanic A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates a ...
debris from Mount Pinatubo. Coincidentally, a previous Typhoon Yunya in 1991 hit the Philippines the day of Mount Pinatubo's major eruption. Gusts were in excess of across Luzon. Yunya killed at least 11 people and injured at least 7 others, and affected over 420,000 people. A total of $37.6 million (1994 USD) in damage was reported in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
from Yunya.


Severe Tropical Storm Zeke

Forming at the opposite end of the monsoon trough from Walt on July 14, the initial tropical disturbance moved north to northeast. Slowly developing, the system became a tropical depression during the early afternoon of July 18. Westerly upper-level shear from Walt was slowing development, and Zeke finally achieved tropical storm status early on July 20. The cyclone continued to waver around a northeast track. After turning more northward early on the afternoon of July 22, Zeke became a typhoon for half of a day. Wavering around a more northerly track, Zeke weakened and evolved into an extratropical cyclone on by early on July 25.


Tropical Storm Amy

An area of persistent convection associated with a low-level circulation centre moved off
Hainan Island Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
into water on July 29. The
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
then reported that Tropical Storm 9410 had formed early that day, in the
Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of . It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern ...
west of Hainan. This was later designated by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
as Tropical Depression 15W, and it was quickly upgraded to a tropical storm. It moved westward and started to weaken over water, making landfall south of
Hanoi Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi is ...
before dissipating inland. Tropical Storm Amy killed 15 and left over 32,000 people displaced in
Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is bo ...
and
Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...
, and caused damage worth $8 million (1994 USD).


Tropical Depression 13W

Tropical Depression 13W was considered to be the shortest-lived tropical cyclone of the season, with the JTWC only four warnings issued on it. It formed on July 25 in association with a surge in the southwest monsoon, about east of
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
. It dissipated the next day, east of the northernmost
Mariana Islands The Mariana Islands (; also the Marianas; in Chamorro: ''Manislan Mariånas'') are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, betw ...
, about north of Guam. No deaths or damage were reported from the depression. On July 28, a subtropical cyclone was noted southeast of Tokyo, and it is possible that this was a continuation of Tropical Depression 13W.


Tropical Storm Brendan (Oyang)

On July 26 a tropical disturbance developed in the Philippine Sea. The system moved northwest at a slow pace for a couple days. A southwest surge in the monsoon turned the disturbance northward, and the system became a tropical depression on the morning of July 29. Accelerating to the north, Brendan became a tropical storm just before reaching Okinawa. The cyclone reached peak intensity to the south of Cheju Island, Korea as a moderate tropical storm. After recurving in the Yellow Sea, the storm recurved across Korea during extratropical transition with subtropical cyclone characteristics. The cyclone evolved into an extratropical cyclone while crossing the Sea of Japan, and reintensified. Up to of rain in the Korean peninsula helped relieve drought conditions. Two died in Korea during the passage of Brendan.


Tropical Storm Caitlin (Pasing)

A tropical disturbance formed within the monsoon trough northwest of Guam on July 29. Slow development ensued, and four days later, it had become a tropical depression. By late on August 2 the cyclone had achieved tropical storm status. The system turned northwest and accelerated towards Taiwan/Taipei. During the morning of August 3, Caitlin became a storm tropical storm as it made landfall in Hualien county. Green Island experienced gusts of typhoon force for 21 hours as the cyclone's center moved to its north. Taking six hours to cross the mountainous island, Caitlin entered the Taiwan Straits on August 4. Ten perished across Taiwan and damage there totaled NT$620 million (1994 dollars), or $23.4 million (1994 USD). By late morning, its center passed inland into mainland China. Rainfall rates as high as per hour were witnessed in the Ningxia Hui autonomous region. Mountain floods left eight dead.


Typhoon Doug (Ritang)

The eastern end of a monsoon trough developed a tropical depression on July 30. It headed westward, slowly strengthening to a tropical storm on the 2nd and a typhoon on the 3rd. Doug turned more to the northwest, and rapidly intensified from the 4th to the 5th to a super typhoon. It weakened slightly to a typhoon before brushing the eastern coast of Taiwan on the 7th. Its circulation became ragged, and it weakened to a tropical storm on the 10th. A ridge to the north pushed Doug west-southwestward where it dissipated over China on the 13th. A total of 26 people died, and damage was estimated on Taiwan at $110 million (1994 USD).
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...

Chapter 3: Summary of Western North Pacific and North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclones.
Retrieved on 2008-11-15.


Typhoon Ellie

A tropical disturbance formed southeast of Japan on August 2. The system drifted southward and slowly developed, becoming Tropical Depression 18W, and then a tropical storm, on August 8. The system turned to the west-southwest, forming a large eye as it became a typhoon on August 9 before stalling. On August 10, the system moved west-northwest at a moderate pace, passing offshore southern
Kyūshū is the third-largest island of Japan's five main islands and the most southerly of the four largest islands ( i.e. excluding Okinawa). In the past, it has been known as , and . The historical regional name referred to Kyushu and its surround ...
on August 13. Ellie turned northward on August 14, clipping eastern China before making a final landfall within northeast China as a tropical storm on August 16.


Tropical Storm Li

Late on August 12, Typhoon Li moved into the basin from the Central Pacific, with the JTWC and CPHC reporting that the system had weakened into a tropical storm as it crossed the International Date Line. Over the next few days as Li moved northwestwards towards Wake Island, it weakened steadily under the influence of strong upper-level westerly winds. During August 14, the JMA reported that the system had weakened into a tropical depression, before the JTWC followed suit during the next day as it affected Wake Island. The system was last noted as it dissipated over open water during August 18.


Typhoon Fred (Susang)

On August 15, Tropical Depression 19W became a tropical storm over the open West Pacific. Fred tracked westward, slowly intensifying to a typhoon on August 16 and a peak of winds on August 19. Unlike most super typhoons, Fred did not rapidly intensify; its strengthening rate was steady. As it passed by Taiwan, heavy rainfall caused landslides across the mountainous island. Three perished and a total of NT$22 million (1994 dollars), or $835,500 (1994 USD), of damage occurred within Taiwan. The storm weakened to an typhoon before hitting eastern China on August 21. Significant
infrastructure Infrastructure is the set of facilities and systems that serve a country, city, or other area, and encompasses the services and facilities necessary for its economy, households and firms to function. Infrastructure is composed of public and priv ...
damage occurred near the location of landfall. Unfortunately, the landfall coincided with an unusually high astronomical tide, resulting in extreme storm surge combined with heavy flooding, amounting to over 1,000 fatalities and significant damage totaling 7.5 billion RMB, or $874.4 million (1994 USD).


Typhoon Gladys (Uding)

On August 19, a small area of thunderstorm activity formed in the open tropical western Pacific Ocean on the eastern end of the monsoon trough. By August 22, the system organized into a small tropical cyclone, which was heading off towards the north. On August 23, the system turned westward due to increased ridging to its north. It soon became a tropical storm on August 24, and developed into a typhoon on August 25. Westerly vertical wind shear led to weakening, and Gladys became a weak tropical storm on August 28. The wind shear relented, and Gladys redeveloped into a typhoon as it moved towards Taiwan, increasing in size as well as intensity. The system weakened as it tracked across northern Taiwan, prior to making landfall over mainland China, dissipating on September 2. Winds at Suao gusted to as it moved by northern Taiwan. Six people perished. A total of NT$400 million (1994 dollars), or $15.4 million (1994 USD), in agricultural damage was incurred across Taiwan.


Tropical Storm Harry

Thunderstorm activity developed within the monsoon trough southwest of Guam. The system tracked west-northwest, a course it would continue through its life cycle. After crossing the northern portion of
Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...
, the system became a tropical depression late on August 25 and a tropical storm on August 26. On the morning of August 27, the cyclone passed south of Hong Kong, bringing wind gusts to at Waglan Island and at Tai Mo Shen in Hong Kong. Harry became a strong tropical storm before moving close to the Chinese coast. Total damage across China from Harry's heavy rainfall totaled 484 million RMB (1994 RMB), or $56.5 million (1994 USD). Weakening thereafter, the storm moved across the
Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of . It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern ...
into northern Vietnam, dissipating on August 29.


Tropical Depression Tering

This system was recognized as a tropical depression by PAGASA. It formed several hundred miles east of the Philippines on August 29, tracking north of due west, and dissipating on August 30 before reaching the island archipelago.


Typhoon Ivy

On August 25, a low-pressure area developed in the subtropical western Pacific. The low traveled west-southwest, slowly gaining thunderstorms. On August 28, the system became a tropical depression, then tropical storm, as it turned to the north. Ivy continued to develop, becoming a typhoon on August 31. During early September, the system turned north-northeast and slowly weakened. On September 3, Ivy transitioned into an
extratropical cyclone Extratropical cyclones, sometimes called mid-latitude cyclones or wave cyclones, are low-pressure areas which, along with the anticyclones of high-pressure areas, drive the weather over much of the Earth. Extratropical cyclones are capable of ...
as it linked up with a cold front.


Typhoon John

On August 28, Hurricane John, which had formed in the Eastern North Pacific, crossed the
International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific O ...
at 0900 UTC and became a typhoon. Shortly after crossing into the Western North Pacific, John reached its secondary peak of . While west-southwest of Midway John started to weaken. This marked the beginning of another intensification period, during which John recrossed the dateline, this time heading east, and out of the Western North Pacific. Two ship reports, at 1500 UTC and 1800 UTC on September 4, indicated that John had sustained winds of . No damage from John was reported in the Western North Pacific, although damage was reported from John on
Johnston Atoll Johnston Atoll is an Unincorporated territories of the United States, unincorporated territory of the United States, currently administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). Johnston Atoll is a National Wildlife Refuge and ...
in the Central Pacific.


Tropical Storm Joel

An area of persistent convection within the monsoon trough in the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
on August 30. At first, the disturbance moved east-northeastward, but turned toward the west-northwest on September 2. The disturbance organized into Tropical Depression 23W on September 3. On the morning of September 5, upper-level winds which had affected the deep convection to the north of the depression's circulation centre began to weaken, allowing the convection to wrap around the north side of the system. Based on this, the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Joel. The
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
upgraded the storm to Tropical Storm 9422 early the next morning local time. Joel then made a sharp turn towards the north, and made landfall on the southwestern corner of
Hainan Island Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
. During passage over land, Joel reached its peak of before turning to the northwest and exiting land into the
Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of . It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern ...
. A cloud-filled banding
eye Eyes are organs of the visual system. They provide living organisms with vision, the ability to receive and process visual detail, as well as enabling several photo response functions that are independent of vision. Eyes detect light and conv ...
then became apparent on visible satellite imagery. Joel made landfall on September 7 near
Haiphong, Vietnam Haiphong ( vi, Hải Phòng, ), or Hải Phòng, is a major industrial city and the third-largest in Vietnam. Hai Phong is also the center of technology, economy, culture, medicine, education, science and trade in the Red River delta. Haiphong wa ...
before dissipating inland west of
Hanoi Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi is ...
. No significant deaths or damage was reported, aside from a few large trees that were knocked down in Hanoi.


Typhoon Kinna

On September 1, an area of thunderstorm activity formed within the monsoon trough. Over the next few days, a monsoon depression formed to its southwest, steering the system northwest to north. After separating from the monsoon depression, it became well enough to organized to be considered a tropical depression on September 5. Strengthening while moving northward, Kinna became a tropical storm on September 6. The system slowed its northward motion until it moved north of the axis of the
subtropical ridge The horse latitudes are the latitudes about 30 degrees north and south of the Equator. They are characterized by sunny skies, calm winds, and very little precipitation. They are also known as Subtropics, subtropical ridges, or highs. It is a h ...
on September 10. As it did so, Kinna became a typhoon on September 9. While recurving east of Japan, Kinna brought wind gusts to at Hachijōjima. By late on September 12, Kinna had transitioned into an extratropical cyclone.


Tropical Storm Luke (Weling)

Luke formed out of the monsoon depression which formed southwest of Kinna. Originally becoming a broad monsoon depression on September 3, thunderstorm was slow to form any curvature on its western side. By September 9, the monsoon depression transitioned into Tropical Depression 25W. The depression moved northwest, just to the north of the Philippines. On the afternoon of September 11, the system strengthened into a tropical storm as it turned more to the west. On September 12, the system passed south of Hong Kong. Winds gusted to at Waglan Island as the system passed by. As Luke approached Hainan Island, it weakened due to the island's rough
topography Topography is the study of the forms and features of land surfaces. The topography of an area may refer to the land forms and features themselves, or a description or depiction in maps. Topography is a field of geoscience and planetary sci ...
. Damage across China totaled over 100 million RMB (1994 RMB), or $11.7 million (1994 USD). The cyclone moved ashore northern Vietnam on September 14 before dissipating.


Typhoon Melissa

On September 10, a monsoon depression formed in the central Pacific, which had previously absorbed the remains of Hurricane Kristy. By September 11, the system had become well enough organized to be considered a tropical storm. Strong cross equatorial winds steered Melissa to the northeast and led to rapid intensification. Melissa gained typhoon intensity on September 13, and became a super typhoon on September 14. The cyclone then turned northwest and Melissa considerably weakened, becoming a weak tropical storm by September 18. On September 19, Melissa rounded the subtropical ridge axis and recurved, becoming a large extratropical cyclone on September 21 and dissipated, affecting Canada and
Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., ...
on September 23. In Japan, three were killed during Melissa's passage near the country.


Tropical Depression Yaning

A few days after Luke impacted northern
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
, an area of thunderstorms formed from the ITCZ, which has been enhanced by Typhoon Melissa. A new, weak low-level circulation started to develop within that area, several kilometers east of
Visayas The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Bisayan languages, Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; tl, Kabisayaan ), are one of the three Island groups of the Philippines, principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, along with Luzon and Mindanao ...
,
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
on September 12. PAGASA issued warnings on the system, upgrading it to a tropical depression and naming it Yaning on September 13. Yaning moved in a south-southwestward direction. The next day, it started to weaken due to land reaction. Later that day, Yaning dissipated.


Tropical Storm Nat

Nat formed from an area of thunderstorms which formed along a trough trailing from Melissa. First noted on September 14, the system developed into a tropical depression and tropical storm on September 15. At this point in its life cycle it approached Guam from the west, when a squall line moved across the island, bringing wind gusts to . One person drowned when knocked into the ocean, while 24 were injured, most of which due to a lightning strike which occurred in the wake of Nat along its trailing surface trough. Nat continued moving east to northeast initially before turning to the northwest by September 19, then turned back to the northeast by September 21, eventually dissipating in the subtropical western Pacific Ocean.


Typhoon Orchid (Aning)

A tropical disturbance formed east of the Philippines along a surface trough trailing from Nat. In the prevailing westerly flow, the disturbance moved eastward. The system organized into a tropical depression on September 18. The system turned northward, developing into a tropical storm. As it bypassed Guam to the northwest, winds gusted to on the island. Slowly turning towards the northwest, and ultimately southwest around a monsoon gyre, Orchid slowly intensified into a typhoon. On September 22, Orchid turned northwest and continued to strengthen, peaking as a super typhoon on September 25. Slowly weakening thereafter, Orchid began to slow during recurvature as it rounded the western side of the subtropical ridge. Acceleration to the north-northeast began on September 28, and by late on September 29, Orchid made landfall in Japan as a typhoon, crossing
Honshu , historically called , is the largest and most populous island of Japan. It is located south of Hokkaidō across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyūshū across the Kanmon Straits. The island separ ...
and western
Hokkaido is Japan's second largest island and comprises the largest and northernmost prefecture, making up its own region. The Tsugaru Strait separates Hokkaidō from Honshu; the two islands are connected by the undersea railway Seikan Tunnel. The la ...
. Winds gusted to at Tanabe. Rainfall from Orchid across central Japan was beneficial, as it helped relieve drought conditions. Nine perished during Orchid's passage across Japan.


Typhoon Pat

Pat formed on the east end of the monsoon trough as a tropical disturbance on September 20 near Wake Island, moving west-southwest. The system organized into a tropical depression on September 21. Turning to the northwest, Pat quickly strengthened into a typhoon by September 23. Soon afterward, Typhoon Pat turned westward and weakened, beginning its interaction with Tropical Storm Ruth located to Pat's southwest. On September 24, Pat and Ruth began to orbit around each other, entrapped within a
Fujiwhara interaction The Fujiwhara effect, sometimes referred to as the Fujiwara effect, Fujiw(h)ara interaction or binary interaction, is a phenomenon that occurs when two nearby cyclonic vortices move around each other and close the distance between the circulations ...
. By the morning of September 26, the two cyclones merged and both systems' thunderstorm activity fell apart, a condition which continued after the merger. Over the next couple days, the merged cyclone regained central convection and recurved east of Japan.


Tropical Storm Ruth

An area of thunderstorm activity formed between Orchid and Pat on September 23. The system developed, becoming Tropical Depression 30W on September 24. A day later, the cyclone achieved tropical storm strength. Ruth moved northeast within a general southwest flow regime, as the smaller tropical cyclone named Pat approached from the northeast. By September 26, the two cyclones merged, and the resultant cyclone recurved east of Japan.


Tropical Depression 31W

On September 26, an upper-
tropospheric The troposphere is the first and lowest layer of the atmosphere of the Earth, and contains 75% of the total mass of the planetary atmosphere, 99% of the total mass of water vapour and aerosols, and is where most weather phenomena occur. From ...
circulation separated from an upper-level
trough Trough may refer to: In science * Trough (geology), a long depression less steep than a trench * Trough (meteorology), an elongated region of low atmospheric pressure * Trough (physics), the lowest point on a wave * Trough level (medicine), the l ...
that was situated northwest of Hawaii, and began moving westward towards the
International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific O ...
. This
tropical upper tropospheric trough A tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT), also known as the mid-oceanic trough, is a trough situated in the upper-level (at about 200 hPa) tropics. Its formation is usually caused by the intrusion of energy and wind from the mid-latitudes into th ...
also had deep convection associated with low-level cloud lines, which suggested that a low-level circulation possibly existed. It crossed the Dateline on September 27, with the convection persisting. The system continued to organise and became a tropical depression the next day, despite lacking in deep convection. The depression never strengthened into a tropical storm, and lacked deep convection for most of its existence. It recurved eastward and weakened on October 3, and the final warning was issued. No damage or casualties were reported.


Typhoon Seth (Bidang)

An area of thunderstorm activity formed near the
Marshall Islands The Marshall Islands ( mh, Ṃajeḷ), officially the Republic of the Marshall Islands ( mh, Aolepān Aorōkin Ṃajeḷ),'' () is an independent island country and microstate near the Equator in the Pacific Ocean, slightly west of the Internati ...
, moving westward in a regime which showed an atypically weak monsoon trough. On October 1, a low level circulation developed in association with the convection. Slow development occurred, and the system strengthened into a tropical depression on October 3. Winds gusted to as Seth passed south of Guam on October 5. Developing at a modest pace as it moved west-northwest, the cyclone strengthened into a typhoon on October 6. Seth strengthened into a strong typhoon on October 7, recurving around the periphery of the subtropical ridge, missing Taiwan to the east. Heavy rainfall and high winds across the island led to eight deaths, and NT$60 million (1994 dollars), or $2.3 million (1994 USD), in damage. As it moved through the
Ryukyu Islands The , also known as the or the , are a chain of Japanese islands that stretch southwest from Kyushu to Taiwan: the Ōsumi, Tokara, Amami, Okinawa, and Sakishima Islands (further divided into the Miyako and Yaeyama Islands), with Yonaguni ...
, winds gusted to Yonaguni Jima. The cyclone accelerated as it approached Korea as a typhoon which had begun to transition into a nontropical low. At Cheju Do, winds peaked at as Seth passed by. Rainfall amounts measured across South Korea were in excess of . Although the rainfall generally relieved drought conditions, one person perished due to flooding in Samchok. Seth become an extratropical cyclone soon after crossing the peninsula on October 12.


Typhoon Teresa (Katring)

Typhoon Teresa (named ''Katring'' by PAGASA) was at one point one of four
tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...
s that existed simultaneously in the Western North Pacific, and it was the westernmost of the four. This system was first noted as a tropical disturbance on October 15 while about east of the southern
Mariana Islands The Mariana Islands (; also the Marianas; in Chamorro: ''Manislan Mariånas'') are a crescent-shaped archipelago comprising the summits of fifteen longitudinally oriented, mostly dormant volcanic mountains in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, betw ...
. The system moved west and passed north of
Guam Guam (; ch, Guåhan ) is an organized, unincorporated territory of the United States in the Micronesia subregion of the western Pacific Ocean. It is the westernmost point and territory of the United States (reckoned from the geographic cent ...
near
Saipan Saipan ( ch, Sa’ipan, cal, Seipél, formerly in es, Saipán, and in ja, 彩帆島, Saipan-tō) is the largest island of the Northern Mariana Islands, a Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), commonwealth of the United States in the western Pa ...
on October 16 at around 0600 UTC. Slowly organizing, the system evolved into Tropical Depression 34W early on October 16, and a tropical storm later in the day. Teresa continued moving westward at a constant pace and intensified into a typhoon on October 19, reaching its peak intensity of that same day. Teresa crossed the central Philippines on a west-southwestward track, passing just south of
Manila Manila ( , ; fil, Maynila, ), officially the City of Manila ( fil, Lungsod ng Maynila, ), is the capital of the Philippines, and its second-most populous city. It is highly urbanized and, as of 2019, was the world's most densely populate ...
. It had weakened to a severe tropical storm by the time it exited the Philippine islands. The storm continued on a southwestward motion, slowly re-intensifying, and it had regained typhoon strength by October 23. The storm then slowed and turned toward the west, and slowly weakened as it moved towards the coast of
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
. The final warning was issued by the JTWC when Teresa was still a tropical storm, but weakening over water east of Vietnam. The remnants of Teresa made landfall in southern Vietnam late on October 26. Teresa left at least 14 dead and 11 injured in the Philippines, and caused heavy damage to
rice Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice) or less commonly ''Oryza glaberrima ''Oryza glaberrima'', commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. It was first domesticated and grown i ...
and
coconut The coconut tree (''Cocos nucifera'') is a member of the palm tree family ( Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus ''Cocos''. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the ...
plantations.
Electricity Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described ...
was cut off in Manila and surrounding areas. Trees were also reported uprooted, and utility poles brought down. A
Maltese Maltese may refer to: * Someone or something of, from, or related to Malta * Maltese alphabet * Maltese cuisine * Maltese culture * Maltese language, the Semitic language spoken by Maltese people * Maltese people, people from Malta or of Malte ...
oil tanker located in the
South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...
about southeast of Hong Kong split into two and capsized, killing two and leaving 14 missing. The other crew members were rescued. Typhoon Teresa caused a total of $67.4 million (1994 USD) in damage in
Laguna Laguna (Italian and Spanish for lagoon) may refer to: People * Abe Laguna (born 1992), American DJ known as Ookay * Andrés Laguna (1499–1559), Spanish physician, pharmacologist, and botanist * Ana Laguna (born 1955), Spanish-Swedish ballet d ...
,
Batangas Batangas, officially the Province of Batangas ( tl, Lalawigan ng Batangas ), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region on Luzon. Its capital is the city of Batangas, and is bordered by the provinces of Cavite and La ...
,
Rizal Rizal, officially the Province of Rizal ( fil, Lalawigan ng Rizal), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon. Its capital is the city of Antipolo. It is about east of Manila. The p ...
and
Cavite Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite ( tl, Lalawigan ng Kabite; Chavacano: ''Provincia de Cavite''), is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon. Located on the southern shores of Manila Bay and southwest ...
Provinces in the
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
.


Typhoon Verne (Delang)

An area of organized thunderstorm activity formed on October 14 in the Marshall Islands. Late on October 15, the system formed into a tropical depression. The system slowly developed as it moved west-northwest, becoming a tropical storm on October 18. The system passed north of Guam, bringing over of rainfall to much of the island, and winds gusted up to . By October 20, Verne had developed into a typhoon. Late on October 21, steering currents collapsed, and Verne stalled for nearly a week. Verne became a strong typhoon on October 24. Turning northward on October 26, the system slowly weakened east of mainland Asia, and on October 28 Verne weakened back into a tropical storm. On November 1, Verne became an extratropical cyclone as it moved east of Japan.


Typhoon Wilda

Forming along the trough axis in which Teresa and Verne, a tropical disturbance formed on October 18 in the central tropical Pacific. The system slowly developed, becoming a tropical depression on October 19. The depression moved west-northwestward, becoming a tropical storm on October 20. After becoming a typhoon, Wilda turned west-southwest towards
Saipan Saipan ( ch, Sa’ipan, cal, Seipél, formerly in es, Saipán, and in ja, 彩帆島, Saipan-tō) is the largest island of the Northern Mariana Islands, a Commonwealth (U.S. insular area), commonwealth of the United States in the western Pa ...
. From late on October 24 through late on October 25, Wilda stalled east-northeast of Saipan, slowly weakening. Up to fell across the central portion of Guam while winds gusted to as Wilda stalled to the northeast. The system then turned northeast along the now reverse-oriented monsoon trough due to a weakness in the
subtropical ridge The horse latitudes are the latitudes about 30 degrees north and south of the Equator. They are characterized by sunny skies, calm winds, and very little precipitation. They are also known as Subtropics, subtropical ridges, or highs. It is a h ...
to its north until October 28, before bending back to the north-northwest. Late on October 29, Wilda turned back to the northeast and began to accelerate, with the system evolving into an extratropical cyclone on November 1.


Tropical Storm Yuri

On October 22, an area of convection formed northwest of Hawaii in association with a
tropical upper tropospheric trough A tropical upper tropospheric trough (TUTT), also known as the mid-oceanic trough, is a trough situated in the upper-level (at about 200 hPa) tropics. Its formation is usually caused by the intrusion of energy and wind from the mid-latitudes into th ...
. Moving rapidly westward, the low-level circulation center associated with the convective clouds crossed the
International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific O ...
later that day. The first mention of this system by the
Joint Typhoon Warning Center The Joint typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force command in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. The JTWC is responsible for the issuing of tropical cyclone warnings in the North-West Pacific Ocean, South P ...
in their Significant Tropical Weather Advisory six hours later noted that the low-level circulation had been developing under the TUTT cell. Slowly developing, on October 23, the system organized into Tropical Depression 36W. The
Japan Meteorological Agency The , abbreviated JMA, is an agency of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. It is charged with gathering and providing results for the public in Japan that are obtained from data based on daily scientific observation an ...
upgraded the system to Tropical Storm 9433 at 1200 UTC that day, shortly before the JTWC decided to upgrade the depression to Tropical Storm Yuri. The JTWC upgrade was based on a small area of deep convection which had formed to the southeast of the low-level centre, as well as a rapid low-level cloud motion of that was observed to the north of the circulation. Yuri remained a minimal tropical storm for the next two days or so before it was downgraded to a tropical depression because of a lack of deep convection and a weakening in its appearance on satellite imagery. The final warning was issued a few hours later on October 25. There were no reports of damage or injuries. A weak wind of associated with the dissipating system was recorded at Chichi-jima on October 25.


Typhoon Zelda (Esang)

The northeastern end of the monsoon trough developed into Tropical Depression 37W on October 25 over subtropical latitudes. It headed southeastward, then turned to the southwest, becoming a tropical storm on the 29th. Zelda continued its slow intensification rate, and as it turned more westward, it became a typhoon on the 1st. Continuing its clockwise movement, Zelda turned to the northwest, where it passed over the
Northern Mariana Islands The Northern Mariana Islands, officially the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI; ch, Sankattan Siha Na Islas Mariånas; cal, Commonwealth Téél Falúw kka Efáng llól Marianas), is an unincorporated territory and commonw ...
. On the 3rd the storm rapidly intensified to a super typhoon, and as it turned to the northeast it slowly weakened to a tropical storm on the 8th. On the 10th, Zelda dissipated, only from its start after following a several thousand mile track.


Typhoon Axel (Garding)

Forming along a near-equatorial trough, a surface circulation formed on December 13 and began to move west-northwestward. The system organized into a tropical depression on December 14, but only for 12 hours as the system became much less organized and had more than one circulation center. On December 15, the system began to regenerate due to increasing thunderstorm activity near its main circulation center, and by late in the day, was once again considered a tropical depression. Modestly developing thereafter, the tropical cyclone intensified into a typhoon on December 19 as it turned due west. Axel moved south of
Samar Samar ( ) is the third-largest and seventh-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 1,909,537 as of the 2020 census. It is located in the eastern Visayas, which are in the central Philippines. The island is divided in ...
in the Philippines, weakening as it moved through the archipelago. Nineteen perished as the typhoon moved through the country, with five deaths occurring in Bacolod City as heavy rains caused a dam break. High waves destroyed 163 homes on Mindanao. Entering the South China Sea as a tropical storm, the system briefly reintensified into a typhoon before vertical wind shear substantially increased, which led to significant weakening of Axel. The tropical cyclone dissipated southeast of Hong Kong on December 26. The remnants of Axel interacted with the remnants of Severe Tropical Storm Bobbie and created a large, long-lived extratropical system that affected Canada and dissipated on January 2, 1995.


Severe Tropical Storm Bobbie

Moving west-northwest, a tropical disturbance formed in the Marshall Islands on December 15. Due to vertical wind shear, the system was slow to organize. The system organized into a tropical depression on December 18, and intensified into a tropical storm on December 19. The system recurved weakened to a remnant low early on December 26.


Storm names

During the season 34 named tropical cyclones developed in the Western Pacific and were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, when it was determined that they had become tropical storms. These names were contributed to a revised list which started on mid-1989.


Philippines

The
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration Pagasa may refer to: * ''Pagasa'' (genus), an insect genus in the family Nabidae *PAGASA, an acronym for the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration *"May Pagasa", a pen-name of José Rizal *Pagasa, alternate s ...
uses its own naming scheme for tropical cyclones in their area of responsibility. PAGASA assigns names to tropical depressions that form within their area of responsibility and any tropical cyclone that might move into their area of responsibility. Should the list of names for a given year prove to be insufficient, names are taken from an auxiliary list, the first 6 of which are published each year before the season starts. Names not retired from this list will be used again in the 1998 season. This is the same list used for the 1990 season, with the exception of ''Ritang'', which replaced '' Ruping''. PAGASA uses its own naming scheme that starts in the Filipino alphabet, with names of Filipino female names ending with "ng" (A, B, K, D, etc.). Names that were not assigned/going to use are marked in .


Season effects

This table summarizes all the systems that developed within or moved into the North Pacific Ocean, to the west of the International Date Line during 1994. The tables also provide an overview of a systems intensity, duration, land areas affected and any deaths or damages associated with the system. , - , 01W (Akang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , , , , , , - , Owen (Bising) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Caroline Islands, Philippines , , Unknown , , , , , - , Page (Klaring) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Caroline Islands , , None , , None , , , - , 04W (Deling) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , None , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Russ (Emang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , China , , , , , , , - , Sharon (Gading) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, South China , , , , , , , - , Heling , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Vietnam , , None , , None , , , - , 07W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , South China , , , , , , , - , Tim (Iliang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Taiwan, China , , , , , , , - , Vanessa (Loleng) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , None , , None , , , - , Walt (Miding) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Japan, South Korea , , None , , None , , , - , Yunya (Norming) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines , , , , , , , - , Zeke , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Vietnam, China , , None , , None , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Amy , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , South China, Vietnam , , , , , , , - , 13W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands , , None , , None , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Brendan (Oyang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Korean Peninsula , , Unknown , , , , , - , Caitlin (Pasing) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, China , , , , , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Doug (Ritang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, South Korea, East China , , , , , , , - , Ellie , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan, East China, Russia , , None , , None , , , - , Li , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Fred (Susang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Japan, East China, Russia , , , , , , , - , Gladys (Uding) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Taiwan, Ryukyu Islands, East China , , , , , , , - , Harry , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, South China, Vietnam , , , , None , , , - , Ivy , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , John , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Wake Island , , None , , None , , , - , Tering , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Joel , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , South China, Vietnam , , None , , None , , , - , Kinna , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Luke (Weling) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Philippines, South China, Vietnam , , , , None , , , - , Melissa , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Marshall Islands, Japan , , None , , , , , - , Yaning , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Nat , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands , , None , , None , , , - , Orchid (Aning) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands, Japan, Russia Far East , , None , , , , , - , Pat , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , TD , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Ruth , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , 31W , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Seth (Bidang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Taiwan, Japan, Korean Peninsula, , , , , , , - , Teresa (Katring) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Mariana Islands, Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia , , , , , , , - , Verne (Delang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Wilda , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , None , , None , , None , , , - , Yuri , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Wake Island , , None , , None , , , - , Zelda (Esang) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Japan , , None , , None , , , - , Axel (Garding) , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Caroline Islands, Philippines , , None , , , , , - , Bobbie , , , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , bgcolor=#, , , Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, , None , , None , , , -


See also

*
List of Pacific typhoon seasons The following is a list of Pacific typhoon seasons. The seasons are limited to the north of the equator between the 100th meridian east and the 180th meridian (aka Prime Antimeridian). Seasons Pre-1940 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s ...
* 1994 Pacific hurricane season *
1994 Atlantic hurricane season The 1994 Atlantic hurricane season was the final season in the most recent negative Atlantic multidecadal oscillation period ("low-activity era" or "cold phase") of tropical cyclone formation within the basin. Despite the below average activity, ...
*
1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season The 1994 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was a below-average year in which eight tropical cyclones affected seven countries bordering the North Indian Ocean. The India Meteorological Department tracks all tropical cyclones in the basin, north ...
*South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season: 1993–94, 1994–95 *Australian region cyclone season: 1993–94, 1994–95 *South Pacific cyclone season: 1993–94, 1994–95


References

;General * ;Specific


External links


Satellite movie of 1994 Pacific typhoon season

Japan Meteorological Agency

Joint Typhoon Warning Center



Macau Meteorological Geophysical Services

Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration


{{Tropical cyclone season, 1994 Articles which contain graphical timelines