''Troglocaris'' is a genus of

freshwater Fresh water or freshwater is any naturally occurring liquid or frozen water containing low concentrations of dissolved salts and other total dissolved solids. Although the term specifically excludes seawater and brackish water, it does include ...

shrimp Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, although some crustaceans outside of this order are refer ...

in the family Atyidae. These

stygobitic Stygofauna are any fauna that live in groundwater systems or aquifers, such as caves, fissures and vugs. Stygofauna and troglofauna are the two types of subterranean fauna (based on life-history). Both are associated with subterranean environments ...

, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe ( Dinaric Alps and West

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range, have historically ...

). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual species make them highly vulnerable to habitat loss, for example by water extraction. Their underground habitat is often extremely stable; for example, the Vipavska jama cave in Slovenia is home to a population of ''T. anophthalmus'', and its water only varies from in the winter to in the summer. In some Dinaric caves, notably

Vjetrenica Vjetrenica ( sr-cyrl, Вјетреница, ; ) is the largest cave in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the most biodiverse cave in the world. It is part of the Dinaric Alps mountain range, which is known for its karstic and speleological features. The ...

, as many as three species may occur together. These shrimp sometimes fall prey to olm salamanders, but are able to survive injuries if the attack fails. The Dinaric ''Troglocaris'' are the main host of several species of parasitic or epizoic flatworms of the family

Scutariellidae Scutariellidae is a family of flatworms belonging to the order Rhabdocoela. Genera: * ''Bubalocerus'' Matjasic, 1958 * ''Caradinicola'' Annandale, 1912 * ''Caridinicola'' Annandale, 1912 * ''Cercomeria'' * ''Monodiscus'' Plate, 1914 * ''Paracarid ...

(order

Temnocephalida The Temnocephalida are an order of turbellarian flatworms. Unlike most other turbellarians, all the species in this order are either commensal or parasitic. They can be found living on crustaceans, molluscs, and, in some species, even turtle ...

Species

''Troglocaris'' currently contains 15 described species, but there are also a number of undescribed species. '' Gallocaris inermis'', a stygobitic shrimp from southern France, was formerly included in ''Troglocaris''. ;Subgenus ''Troglocaris'' *''

Troglocaris anophthalmus ''Troglocaris anophthalmus'' is a species of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. It lives in karstic caves in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy and Slovenia. Although morphologically similar across its range, molecular phylogenetics su ...

'' (Kollar, 1848) *''

Troglocaris bosnica ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Sket & Zakšek, 2009 *''

Troglocaris planinensis ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Birštejn, 1948 ;Subgenus ''Xiphocaridinella'' *''

Troglocaris ablaskiri ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Birštejn, 1939 *''

Troglocaris birsteini ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Mugue, Zueva & Ershov, 2001 *''

Troglocaris fagei ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Birštejn, 1939 *''

Troglocaris jusbaschjani ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Birštejn, 1948 *''

Troglocaris kutaissiana ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' (Sadovskij, 1930) *''

Troglocaris osterloffi ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Juzbaš'jan, 1940 *''

Troglocaris otapi ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Marin, 2018 ;Subgenus ''Troglocaridella'' *''

Troglocaris hercegovinensis ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' (Babić, 1922) ;Subgenus ''Spelaeocaris'' *''

Troglocaris kapellana ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Sket & Zakšek, 2009 *''

Troglocaris neglecta ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe ( Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual ...

'' Sket & Zakšek, 2009 *''

Troglocaris prasence ''Troglocaris'' is a genus of freshwater shrimp in the family Atyidae. These stygobitic, whitish and eyeless shrimp are found in Southern Europe (Dinaric Alps and West Caucasus). Although locally very common, the small ranges of the individual s ...

'' Sket & Zakšek, 2009 *'' Troglocaris pretneri'' (Matjašič, 1956)

References

External links

* Atyidae Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Caridea-stub

Species

See also

References

External links