Trimeresurus Sumatranus on:
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''Trimeresurus sumatranus'' is a species of venomous pitviper (a 
Sipora">Sipura.html" ;"title="/nowiki>Sipura">Sipora/nowiki>). The Type locality (biology)">type locality
Type locality may refer to:
* Type locality (biology)
* Type locality (geology)
See also
* Local (disambiguation)
* Locality (disambiguation)
{{disambiguation ...
given is "Sumatra."
According to Gumprecht ''et al.'' (2004), the records regarding its occurrence in the Mentawai Islands are probably based on '' T. hageni''.
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...
of vipers within the larger Viperidae family) found in the tropical forests of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Arboreal by nature, its coloration is pale to neon-green, with some black vertical markings, and a red-tipped tail. As with other vipers, this species has prominent, “keeled” scales, which appear somewhat raised and give the snake a rough-textured appearance. Common name
In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often contrast ...
s include Sumatran pitviper,Gumprecht A, Tillack F, Orlov NL, Captain A, Ryabov S. 2004. ''Asian Pitvipers''. Geitje Books. Berlin. 1st Edition. 368 pp. . Sumatran tree viper,Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . and Sumatran pit viper.Brown JH. 1973. ''Toxicology and Pharmacology of Venoms from Poisonous Snakes''. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas. 184 pp. LCCCN 73-229. .
Description
''Trimeresurus sumatranus'' is a large heavy-bodied pitviper, with a prehensile tail. Adults may attain SVL (snout–vent length
Snout–vent length (SVL) is a morphometric measurement taken in herpetology from the tip of the snout to the most posterior opening of the cloacal slit (vent)."direct line distance from tip of snout to posterior margin of vent" It is the most c ...
), with fangs over long.Das, Indraneil. 2006. ''A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Borneo''. Ralph Curtis Books. Sanibel Island, Florida. 144 pp. . (''Parias sumatranus'', p. 55.)
It is an arboreal species that is pale green in color with a red tail. The dorsal scales are edged with black, which may form crossbands in more mature specimens. There is a white or yellow stripe on each side along the first row of dorsal scales. Ventrally it is greenish or yellowish, and the ventral scales may be thinly edged with black. Boulenger, G.A. 1896. ''Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the...Viperidæ.''. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, Printers.) London. xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I.- XXV. (''Lachesis sumatranus'', pp. 557-558.)
Scalation includes 21 (23) rows of dorsal scales at midbody, 183–190/182–191 ventral scales in males/females, 57–66/55–64 subcaudal scales
In snakes, the subcaudal scales are the enlarged plates on the underside of the tail.Wright AH, Wright AA. 1957. Handbook of Snakes. Comstock Publishing Associates (7th printing, 1985). 1105 pp. . These scales may be either single or divided (pair ...
in males/females, and 8–10 supralabial scales
In reptiles, the supralabial scales, also called upper-labials, are those scales that border the mouth opening along the upper jaw. They do not include the median scaleWright AH, Wright AA. 1957. Handbook of Snakes. Comstock Publishing Associates ( ...
.
Habitat
In Borneo it inhabits lowland forests at elevations below .Behavior
It isnocturnal
Nocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day. The common adjective is "nocturnal", versus diurnal meaning the opposite.
Nocturnal creatures generally have highly developed sens ...
, climbing onto low branches to hunt its prey.
Diet
The diet consists mainly of arboreal smallmammal
Mammals () are a group of vertebrate animals constituting the class Mammalia (), characterized by the presence of mammary glands which in females produce milk for feeding (nursing) their young, a neocortex (a region of the brain), fur or ...
s, birds, and tree frogs.
Geographic range
Found in southern Thailand, West and East Malaysia ( Sabah and Sarawak on Borneo) and Indonesia ( Bangka, Billiton, Borneo,Sumatra
Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...
and the nearby islands of Simalur, Nias, and possibly the Mentawai Islands Venom
Because it is a large snake with large fangs, ''Trimeresurus sumatranus'' can inject large quantities of Trimeresurus hageni">T. hageni''.Venom
Because it is a large snake with large fangs, ''Trimeresurus sumatranus'' can inject large quantities of venom. Fatalities from its bite have been reported, and it should be considered extremely dangerous.References
Further reading
* Raffles, T.S. 1822. Second Part of the Descriptive Catalogue of a Zoological Collection made in Stamford Raffles">Raffles, T.S. 1822. Second Part of the Descriptive Catalogue of a Zoological Collection made in [sicthe Island of Sumatra and its vicinity. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 13 (2): 277-340. (''Coluber sumatranus'', p. 334.) {{Taxonbar">from=Q930411 sumatranus Snakes of Southeast Asia Reptiles of Indonesia Reptiles of Malaysia Reptiles of Singapore Reptiles of Thailand Reptiles of Borneo Fauna of Sumatra Reptiles described in 1822 Taxa named by Thomas Stamford Raffles