''Tricholoma'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

fungus A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from th ...

that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored

gilled mushrooms The fungal order Agaricales, also known as gilled mushrooms (for their distinctive gills) or euagarics, contains some of the most familiar types of mushrooms. The order has 33 extant families, 413 genera, and over 13,000 described species, along ...

which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various species of coniferous or broad-leaved trees. The generic name derives from grc, τριχο-, tricho-, hair and grc, λῶμα, loma, fringe, border although only a few species (such as '' T. vaccinum'') have shaggy caps which fit this description. The most sought out species are the

East Asia East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The modern states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. China, North Korea, South Korea and ...

n ''

Tricholoma matsutake , ''Tricholoma matsutake'', is a species of choice edible mycorrhizal mushroom that grows in East Asia, Europe, and North America. It is prized in Japanese cuisine for its distinct spicy-aromatic odor. Etymology The common name and specifi ...

'', also known as ''matsutake'' or ''songi'', and the North American ''

Tricholoma magnivelare ''Tricholoma magnivelare'' is a gilled mushroom found East of the Rocky Mountains in North America growing in coniferous woodland. These ectomycorrhizal fungi are typically edible species that exist in a symbiotic relationship with various specie ...

'' species complex, also known as "ponderosa mushroom", "American matsutake", or "

pine mushroom ''Tricholoma magnivelare'' is a gilled mushroom found East of the Rocky Mountains in North America growing in coniferous woodland. These ectomycorrhizal fungi are typically edible species that exist in a symbiotic relationship with various spe ...

". Others are safe to eat, such as '' Tricholoma terreum'', but there are a few poisonous members, such as '' T. pardinum'', '' T. tigrinum'' and '' T. equestre''. Many species originally described within Tricholoma have since been moved to other genera. These include the Wood blewit (''

Clitocybe nuda ''Clitocybe nuda'', commonly known as the wood blewit and alternately described as ''Lepista nuda'', is an edible mushroom native to Europe and North America. Described by Pierre Bulliard in 1790, it was also known as ''Tricholoma nudum'' for ma ...

''), previously ''Tricholoma nudum'', blewit (''

Clitocybe saeva ''Lepista personata'' (also recognised as ''Lepista saeva'', ''Clitocybe saeva'' and ''Tricholoma personatum'', and commonly known as the field blewit and blue-leg) is a species of edible fungus commonly found growing in grassy areas across Euro ...

''), previously ''Tricholoma personatum'', and St George's mushroom (''

Calocybe gambosa ''Calocybe gambosa'', commonly known as St. George's mushroom, is an edible mushroom that grows mainly in fields, grass verges and roadsides. Deriving its common name from when it first appears in the UK, namely on St George's Day (23 April). I ...

'') previously ''Tricholoma gambosum''.

Species list

*''

Tricholoma acerbum ''Tricholoma acerbum'' is a mushroom of the agaric family Tricholomataceae. It is found in Europe and North America. See also * List of North American ''Tricholoma'' species * List of ''Tricholoma'' species *List of fungi by conservation status ...

'' – bitter knight *''

Tricholoma aestuans ''Tricholoma aestuans'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. First described formally by Elias Magnus Fries in 1821, it was transferred to the genus ''Tricholoma'' by Claude Casimir Gillet Claude Casimir Gillet (19 May 1806 in Dor ...

'' *''

Tricholoma albobrunneum ''Tricholoma'' is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various spec ...

'' *''

Tricholoma album ''Tricholoma album'', commonly known as the white knight, is an all-white mushroom of the large genus ''Tricholoma''. It is found in Europe, India, and possibly North America. The cap and gills are white. The whitish stipe has no ring. Taxonom ...

'' – white knight *''

Tricholoma argyraceum ''Tricholoma argyraceum'' is a grey-capped mushroom of the large genus ''Tricholoma''. It has been often confused with the similar-looking '' Tricholoma scalpturatum''. Taxonomy French mycologist Pierre Bulliard described this species as ''Aga ...

'' *''

Tricholoma atrosquamosum ''Tricholoma atrosquamosum'', commonly known as dark-scaled knight, is an edible gilled mushroom native to Europe. The grey-capped fruit bodies are generally found singly or in small groups in deciduous woodland on chalk-based soils. Taxono ...

'' – dark-scaled knight *''

Tricholoma auratum ''Tricholoma'' is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various spec ...

'' – golden ''Tricholoma'' *''

Tricholoma bakamatsutake ''Tricholoma bakamatsutake'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. Found in China and Japan, it was described as new to science by mycologist Tsuguo Hongo in 1974. It is closely related to the pine mushroom, ''Tricholoma matsutake'', ...

'' *''

Tricholoma batschii ''Tricholoma batschii'' is a species of fungus belonging to the family Tricholomataceae The Tricholomataceae are a large family of mushrooms within the Agaricales. Originally a classic " wastebasket taxon", the family included any white-, yell ...

'' *''

Tricholoma columbetta ''Tricholoma columbetta'', commonly known as dove-coloured tricholoma, is an edible mushroom of the large genus ''Tricholoma''. It is found in Europe, where it is eaten in France. Genus Elias Magnus Fries described the species in 1821 as ''Ag ...

'' – dove-coloured ''Tricholoma '' *''

Tricholoma equestre ''Tricholoma equestre'' or ''Tricholoma flavovirens'', also known as man on horseback or yellow knight is a formerly widely eaten but arguably hazardous fungus of the genus ''Tricholoma'' that forms ectomycorrhiza with pine trees. Known as ''Gr ...

'' (previously ''T. flavovirens'') – Man-on-Horseback *'' Tricholoma focale'' - booted knight *''

Tricholoma fracticum ''Tricholoma fracticum'' is a sturdy mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma'' with a red-brown cap and a harshly bitter taste. It is mycorrhizal with conifers, primarily of the genus Pinus, and can be found in California. Taxonomy First des ...

'' *''

Tricholoma fulvum ''Tricholoma fulvum'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. One guide reports that the species is inedible, while another says the fruit bodies are edible An edible item is any item that is safe for humans to eat. "Edible" is di ...

'' *''

Tricholoma huronense ''Tricholoma huronense'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. It was first described in 1942 by American mycologist Alexander H. Smith based on collections made in Michigan Michigan () is a U.S. state, state in the Great Lake ...

'' *''

Tricholoma imbricatum ''Tricholoma imbricatum'' is a species of agaric fungus in the family Tricholomataceae. Commonly known as the matt knight, it is found in Europe and North America, where it grows on the ground in coniferous forests. Fruit bodies have a brown to ...

'' – matt knight-cap *''

Tricholoma inamoenum ''Tricholoma inamoenum'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma'' found through the Northern Hemisphere, particularly under conifers. It is poisonous Poison is a chemical substance that has a detrimental effect to life. The term is u ...

'' *''

'' – pine mushroom, American matsutake *''

'' – matsutake *''

Tricholoma mesoamericanum ''Tricholoma'' is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various spec ...

'' – Mexican matsutake, hongo blanco de ocote *''

Tricholoma murrillianum ''Tricholoma murrillianum'' is a gilled mushroom found west of the Rocky Mountains in North America growing in coniferous woodland. This ectomycorrhizal fungus is an edible species that exists in a symbiotic relationship with various species of ...

'' – Western matsutake *'' Tricholoma mutabile'' *'' Tricholoma myomyces'' *''

Tricholoma nigrum ''Tricholoma nigrum'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. It was species description, described as new to science in 1996 from a collection made on the Oregon Coast where it occurred with ''Pinus contorta''. It has also been found i ...

'' *'' Tricholoma orirubens'' *'' Tricholoma pardinum'' *'' Tricholoma pessundatum'' *'' Tricholoma populinum'' *'' Tricholoma portentosum'' *''

Tricholoma resplendens ''Tricholoma resplendens'' is a fungus of the genus ''Tricholoma'' native to Europe and North America. It was originally described as ''Agaricus resplendens'' by Elias Magnus Fries in 1857, and was given its current name by Petter Adolf Karsten ...

'' *'' Tricholoma saponaceum'' – soap-scented toadstool *'' Tricholoma scalpturatum'' *''

Tricholoma sejunctum ''Tricholoma sejunctum'' (colloquially yellow blusher in the eastern regions of North America) is a mushroom that appears across much of the Northern Hemisphere and is associated with pine forests. Description The cap is greenish-brownish yello ...

'' *''

Tricholoma squarrulosum ''Tricholoma'' is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various spec ...

'' *''

Tricholoma stans ''Tricholoma'' is a genus of fungus that contains many fairly fleshy white-spored gilled mushrooms which are found worldwide generally growing in woodlands. These are ectomycorrhizal fungi, existing in a symbiotic relationship with various spec ...

'' - upright knight *'' Tricholoma stiparophyllum'' - chemical knight *''

Tricholoma sulphureum ''Tricholoma sulphureum'', also known as sulphur knight or gas agaric, is an inedible or mildly poisonous mushroom found in woodlands in Europe. It has a distinctive bright yellow colour and an unusual smell likened to coal gas. It occurs in dec ...

'' – sulphur ''Tricholoma'', gas agaric *'' Tricholoma terreum'' (= ''T. myomyces'') – grey knight-cap *'' Tricholoma tigrinum'' *'' Tricholoma ustale'' – burnt knight *''

Tricholoma ustaloides ''Tricholoma ustaloides'' is a species of mushroom in the large genus ''Tricholoma''. It has a widespread distribution in Europe, where it is typically found in association with oak and beech trees. Although generally considered inedible, it ...

'' *''

Tricholoma vaccinum ''Tricholoma vaccinum'', commonly known as the russet scaly tricholoma, the scaly knight, or the fuzztop, is a fungus of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. It produces medium-sized fruit bodies (mushrooms) that have a distinctive hairy reddish-b ...

'' – scaly ''Tricholoma'', scaly knight *''

Tricholoma venenatum ''Tricholoma venenatum'' is a mushroom of the agaric genus ''Tricholoma''. It was first described scientifically by American mycologist George F. Atkinson in 1908. See also *List of North American Tricholoma, List of North American ''Tricholoma'' ...

'' *'' Tricholoma virgatum'' – streaked ''Tricholoma'', ashen knight *'' Tricholoma zangii''

References

Footnotes Citations

External links

Mushroom Expert – The Genus TricholomaMYCOLOGY/bionet.mycology Archives
{{Taxonbar, from=Q573661 Agaricales genera

Species list

See also

References

Further reading

External links