The Trial of the Sixteen (''"Процесс 16-ти"'' in

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

) was a

trial In law, a trial is a coming together of Party (law), parties to a :wikt:dispute, dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence (law), evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to Adjudication, adjudicate claims or d ...

of sixteen members of the

Narodnaya volya Narodnaya Volya ( rus, Наро́дная во́ля, p=nɐˈrodnəjə ˈvolʲə, t=People's Will) was a late 19th-century revolutionary political organization in the Russian Empire which conducted assassinations of government officials in an att ...

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

on October 25–30 (November 6–11), 1880. The trial took place at a district

military court A court-martial or court martial (plural ''courts-martial'' or ''courts martial'', as "martial" is a postpositive adjective) is a military court or a trial conducted in such a court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of memb ...

St.Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

. Members of the Executive Committee of Narodnaya Volya -

Aaron Zundelevich Aaron Isaakovich Zundelevich (, ; – 23 August 1923) was a Jewish Russian revolutionary narodnik. Biography Zundelevich grew up in a lower middle class Jewish family in a small town in the Oshmyany uyezd of the Vilna Governorate. He studied at t ...

Aleksandr Kvyatkovsky Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Kvyatkovsky (russian: Александр Александрович Квятковский; January 1852 – ) was a Russian revolutionary and member of the Executive Committee of Narodnaya Volya. Life Kvyatkovsky wa ...

and Stepan Shiryaev - were the principal

defendant In court proceedings, a defendant is a person or object who is the party either accused of committing a crime in criminal prosecution or against whom some type of civil relief is being sought in a civil case. Terminology varies from one jurisdic ...

s. Nikolai Bukh, S.A.Ivanova, Andrei Presnyakov and others were also on trial. All of the defendants were accused of being associated with the Narodnaya volya. Kvyatkovsky was also incriminated with planning two

assassination Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have ...

attempts on the

tsar Tsar ( or ), also spelled ''czar'', ''tzar'', or ''csar'', is a title used by East Slavs, East and South Slavs, South Slavic monarchs. The term is derived from the Latin word ''Caesar (title), caesar'', which was intended to mean "emperor" i ...

on April 2, 1879 and February 5, 1880. Shiryaev was also accused of planning to murder the tsar on November 19, 1879. Later on, it turned out that I.F.Okladsky was

agent provocateur An agent provocateur () is a person who commits, or who acts to entice another person to commit, an illegal or rash act or falsely implicate them in partaking in an illegal act, so as to ruin the reputation of, or entice legal action against, the ...

. As a result, Kvyatkovsky and Presnyakov were sentenced to death, four other people - to eternal

katorga Katorga ( rus, ка́торга, p=ˈkatərɡə; from medieval and modern Greek: ''katergon, κάτεργον'', "galley") was a system of penal labor in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union (see Katorga labor in the Soviet Union). Prisoner ...

, 6 other - to 4 to 20 years of katorga, and the remaining four - to

Siberia Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has been a part of ...

exile Exile is primarily penal expulsion from one's native country, and secondarily expatriation or prolonged absence from one's homeland under either the compulsion of circumstance or the rigors of some high purpose. Usually persons and peoples suf ...

References

1880 in case law Politics of the Russian Empire 19th century in the Russian Empire 1880 in the Russian Empire Law articles needing an infobox {{Russia-hist-stub