The Treene ( da, Trenen) is a river, hydrologically and nominally long, in the north of

Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein (; da, Slesvig-Holsten; nds, Sleswig-Holsteen; frr, Slaswik-Holstiinj) is the northernmost of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Sch ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. It is a right-bank tributary of the River Eider. It starts in northern Angeln, southeast of

Flensburg Flensburg (; Danish, Low Saxon: ''Flensborg''; North Frisian: ''Flansborj''; South Jutlandic: ''Flensborre'') is an independent town (''kreisfreie Stadt'') in the north of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. Flensburg is the centre of the ...

, and flows mainly south-south-west before joining the Eider near

Friedrichstadt Friedrichstadt (; da, Frederiksstad) is a town in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the river Eider approx. 12 km south of Husum. History The town was founded in 1621 by Dutch settlers. Du ...

. The upper course is called Bondenau. Its source is situated in the ground of

Mohrkirch Mohrkirch (, da, Mårkær) is a municipality in the district of Schleswig-Flensburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populou ...

. The name 'Treene' begins at the Tresssee lake near Großsolt in the district of

Schleswig-Flensburg Schleswig-Flensburg (; da, Slesvig-Flensborg) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Dithmarschen and Nordfriesland, the Region Syddanmark in Denmark, ...

. After about it reaches the town of

(in

Nordfriesland Nordfriesland (; da, Nordfrisland; frr, Nordfraschlönj ), also known as North Frisia, is the northernmost district of Germany, part of the state of Schleswig-Holstein. It includes almost all of traditional North Frisia (with the exception o ...

district).Stream gauge at Friedrichstadt
/ref> There it is released through valves into the

estuary An estuary is a partially enclosed coastal body of brackish water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. Estuaries form a transition zone between river environments and maritime environment ...

of the Eider, above the

Eider Barrage The Eider Barrage (german: Eidersperrwerk) is located at the mouth of the river Eider near Tönning on Germany’s North Sea coast. Its main purpose is to protect against storm surges from the North Sea. It is Germany’s largest coastal prot ...

. It is the most important tributary of Eider river. Since the construction of Kiel Canal, it is even stronger than Eider river itself.

Details

The Bondenau, as the main headstream of the Treene, rises east of the Tressee on the peninsula of Angeln, bounded by the Flensburger Förde and the Schlei. So the Treene is an unusual case of a river that rises on a peninsula in the Baltic Sea, but flows into the North Sea. The length of Bondenau is . Half a kilometer before the Treßsee (Lake Tress), it is joined by a stream named Kielstau or Kielsau, by some people considered another headstream of Treene river. Between the Treßsee and Tüdal, there is a natural reserve covering an area of called ''Obere Treenelandschaft'' that extends along the river. Especially the lower part is a retreat area for migratory birds ("stork village" Bergenhusen). The middling section between Langstedt and

Treia Treia is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Macerata in the central Marche (Italy). It is north of Pollenza, west of Macerata, and north-northeast of Tolentino. Geography The site of the abandoned Roman municipium of Trea is situated ...

developed to be a popular canoe district, the lower section can be used by pleasure crafts as well. In

Schwabstedt Schwabstedt ( da, Svavsted, North Frisian: ''Swåbstää'') is a municipality in the district of Northern Frisia (Nordfriesland), in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. History In 1268 Bishop Bunde of Schleswig sold his castle Gottorp to Eric II, Duk ...

, there is a public swimming site in the river.

History

From

antiquity Antiquity or Antiquities may refer to: Historical objects or periods Artifacts *Antiquities, objects or artifacts surviving from ancient cultures Eras Any period before the European Middle Ages (5th to 15th centuries) but still within the histo ...

High Middle Ages The High Middle Ages, or High Medieval Period, was the periodization, period of European history that lasted from AD 1000 to 1300. The High Middle Ages were preceded by the Early Middle Ages and were followed by the Late Middle Ages, which ended ...

, the strip of dry land between Treene wetlands and Schlei had the function of an isthmus. Here the Danevirke secured the south border of Denmark, which at that time was marked by the Eider, more than further south. And the route Eider - Treene - Rheider Au (tributary of the Treene) - Schlei served as a shipping route between the

North Sea The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. An epeiric sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian S ...

and

Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from ...

(see also Haithabu). Whether thereby boats were pulled between Selker Noor (an extension of Schlei inlet) and the Rheider Au on primitive rollers over the 20 m high land ridges (usual opinion), or whether the Kograben, 1 to 2 km south of and parallel to the walls of Danevirke, also served as a shipping canal, has not yet finally been clarified.

Sources

*Gerd Quedenbaum: ''Vorflut. Der Eiderverband, ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Deich- und Entwässerungswesens in der mittleren Eiderregion.'' Eider-Verlag, Düsseldorf 2000 *Gerd Quedenbaum: ''Sorge und Treene.'' Eider-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1984

References

{{Authority control Rivers of Schleswig-Holstein Rivers of Germany

Details

History

See also

Sources

References